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Antidiarrheal Treatments Explained

Antidiarrheal drugs are used to treat diarrhea, which can hinder fluid and electrolyte absorption, but often drug intervention is not necessary as diarrhea serves as a protective mechanism. Symptomatic treatment typically involves opiates and derivatives, while specific therapy may include antibiotics for bacterial enteritis in severe cases. In severe instances, glucose-electrolyte solutions are recommended for fluid and electrolyte replacement.

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6 views5 pages

Antidiarrheal Treatments Explained

Antidiarrheal drugs are used to treat diarrhea, which can hinder fluid and electrolyte absorption, but often drug intervention is not necessary as diarrhea serves as a protective mechanism. Symptomatic treatment typically involves opiates and derivatives, while specific therapy may include antibiotics for bacterial enteritis in severe cases. In severe instances, glucose-electrolyte solutions are recommended for fluid and electrolyte replacement.

Uploaded by

yonas9047
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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III.

Antidiarrhoeals:
• Are used in the treatment of diarrhea, defined
as the frequent expulsion of liquid or semi liquid
stools → hinders absorption of fluids and
electrolytes.

• In many instances, drug intervention is not


required because is a protective mechanism
used in an attempt by the body to flush out the
offending pathogen or agent.
Antidiarrheal drugs may be given to relive the
symptom (non-specific therapy) or may be given to
treat the underlying cause of the symptom (specific
therapy).

• For symptomatic treatment of diarrhoea, opiates


and opiate derivatives are the most effective. They
decrease diarrhea by slowing propulsive movements
in small and large intestine.
• Morphine is effective but not used because of serious
potential adverse effects, other synthetic drugs such
as diphenoxylate and loperamide are commonly used
•
Adsorbent – demulcent products such as kaolin – pectin
preparation may be included in antidiarrheal
preparations, unfortunately, they may adsornutrient
and other drugs, including the antidiarrheal agents if
given concurrently
•
Anticholinergic agents e.g. atropine are
occasionally used to decrease abdominal
cramping and pain associated with diarrhea.

Specific therapy may include the use of


antibacterial, which are recommended
for use in carefully selected cases of bacterial
enteritis.
• Severe diarrhea by salmonella, shigella, campylobacter and clostridia. Species
can be treated by antibiotics (ampicillin, chloramphinicol, colistin, co-
trimoxazole etc.
• Indications for use
1. severe or prolonged diarrhea (>2-3 days)
2. when specifice causes have been determined
• Glucose – electrolyte solution should be given in severe cases for electrolyte
and fluid replacement.
• It contains:
 Glucose 20 gm
 NaCl 3.5gm
 NaHCO3 2.5gm
 KCl 1.5gm
 Add water to 1000ml

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