Module 1
Disaster
and
Disaster Risk
Objectives
At the end of this module, the learners should be able to do
the following:
• Explain the meaning of disaster;
• Differentiate the risk factors underlying disasters;
• Describe the effects of disaster on one’s life;
• Explain how and when an event becomes a disaster;
• Identify areas or locations exposed to hazards that may lead to
disaster;
• Analyze disaster from different perspectives (physical,
psychological, sociocultural, economic, political, and biological);
• Develop mindfulness of their and others' vulnerabilities and risk
factors;
• Care for the environment;
Table of contents
Risk Factors
The Concept of Underlying
1 Disaster and 2
Disasters
Disaster Risk
Effects of Disaster from
3 Disasters 4 Different
Perspectives
How can Earth
be saved from
any form of
destruction?
1
The Concept
of
Disaster and Disaster
Hyatt Terraces in Baguio
City
Disaster
●a dangerous situation or
threat caused by natural
or man-made events that
disrupts the functions of
individuals in a
community.
Concept of Disaster Risk
Vulnerability Disaster Risk Hazard
-Conditions of the Occurs when a -Trigger event
community vulnerable -Natural or man-
-Inability to handle the community is made processes or
effects of risks.
exposed to a events that
-Limited resources,
illness, and hazard. potentially harm
disabilities. everyone.
Types of Hazards
Natural Man-made
Hazards Hazards
Caused by an abrupt Caused by human
or slow onset of activities that occur
naturally occurring near human
phenomena settlements.
Types of Natural Hazards
Biological Geological Hydrological
Diseases, epidemic, Earthquakes, landslides, Avalanches and rain-
and plagues tsunamis, and volcanic induced floods
activities
Meteorologic Climatologic
al al
Storm surges, Droughts and
cyclones, and wildfires
tornaedoes
Types of Man-made Hazards
Industrial and
Pollutions transport
accidents
Conflict Technological
structures
Occurrence of Disasters
A vulnerable
community exposed to
a hazard is prone to
disaster risks.
Risk Factors
2 Underlying
Disasters
2011 Tsunami in Japan
Elements
Any element
of Disaster Risk
present in a
hazard and
prone to
potential loss
Combination of all
the strengths,
attributes, and
resources available
within a community
to manage and
reduce disaster
Components of Disaster Risk
Assessment
A disaster risk assessment is used to determine potential
Location,
economic, infrastructure, and social impacts.
Likelihood Attributes,
Probability and Values
Chance of a of Assets
potentially Things that are
destructive important to
phenomenon communitie
occurring. s
Vulnerability Impact Risk
Likelihood that assets Evaluation of what Composite of
will be damaged or might happen to impacts of all
destroyed when people and potential
exposed to a assets from a events.
Disaster Risk Factors
Factors Example
Physical factors- includes the
Fire exits,
concrete objects in a community
1 that can help/harm an individual
sturdiness of
infrastructures
during a disaster
Psychological factors- includes Fear, anxiety,
2 an individual’s mental state. alertness
Sociocultural factors- includes Community
folklore, presence
3 traditions, religion, and social of “bayanihan”
statuses in society. system
Economic factors- includes
Farming and
4 resources in the community and employment
3 the source of income
Aims of Disaster Risk
1 Reduction 2
Reduce the Reduce degree of
vulnerability of exposure to
life, property, or hazards.
the environment
to an existing
hazard.
3
Increase preparedness
through proper
mitigation
procedures.
0
3
Effects of
Disasters
Effects of Disasters
Population Health
Increased People staying in
population in evacuation centers
evacuation are more prone to
centers risks of epidemic or
disease outbreaks
Food Psychological
Limited due to the Disaster’s
damage of food destructive
sources like effects may be
farms, poultry, painful for
and aquaculture survivors; result
to PTSD.
Examples
Examples
Examples
Examples
Factors Affecting Severity
Severity of Exposure
Disaster exposure increases mental
distress risk, and the death of an
intimate family member generally
triggers psychological issues
following disasters.
Age
Research shows that individuals aged
40–60 are more prone to disaster
distress than children.
Human Resilience
Social Support
includes emotional support by
sharing traumatic experiences,
coping mechanisms, and finding a
sense of comfort with others.
Coping confidence
self-efficiency to believing that one
can survive any disaster and
reduce mental distress in the
future.
0
4
Disaster from
Different
Perspective
Perspectives in DRRR
Socioeconom Educational
ic Aspect Aspect
State of the social Access to
well-being and information is
the financial important in
resources of the reducing the
community hazardous
Psychologica Biological effects ofPolitical
l Aspect Aspect disasters. Aspect
Psychological Diseases can cause an Government’s
help is epidemic or an response to
needed to outbreak if disasters can
emergency care is affect people’s
cope and live
STOPLIGHT!
Short-Essay Response. Answer each of the questions in a short
and concise manner; minimum of 5 and maximum 10 sentences.
1. What disaster have you experienced, and which aspect
did it impact you the most? Given your experience,
what strategies and actions should an individual take or
receive to recover from a disaster? Explain.
2. Should disaster mitigation involve different sectors of
the community? Why or why not? Explain.
RESOURCES
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RESOURCES
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[Link]
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[Link]
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[Link]
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[Link]
THANKS!Do you have questions?
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