Operations on Complex
Number
Script for operations on complex
number
Intro
“Now that we have learned about complex number and its forms. Let us delve into the next topic i.e., Operations on complex
number.”
“ While the topic might sound like it contains very complex topics, it actually contains very simple topics that even a 5 year
old kid will know: Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division. Simple, right?”
“However, before delving into those 4 topics, lets talk about equality first. Equality of Complex Numbers. It is exactly what it
sound like: Assume that z1 and z2 are the two complex numbers.
Here Z1 = a1+ib1 and z2 = a2+ib2
If both the complex numbers ZI and z2 are equal (i.e.) z1 = z2, then we can say
that the real part of the first complex number is equal to the real part of the
second complex number, whereas the imaginary part of the first complex
number is equal to the imaginary part of the second complex number.
(i.e.) Re (z1) = Re(z2) and Im(z1) = Im(z2)
So, to summarize:
if al+ibl = a2 +ib2, then al = a2 and bl = b2.”
Addition
“Now let’s move on to addition.
We know that a complex number is of the form z=a + ib where a and b are real numbers.
Consider two complex numbers z1 = a1+ ib1 and z2 = a2 + ib2
Then the addition of the complex numbers z1 and z2 is defined as,
z1+z2 = (al+a2) +i (bl+b2)
We can see that the real part of the resulting complex number is the sum of the real part
of each complex number and the imaginary part of the resulting complex number is equal
to the sum of the imaginary part of each complex number.
That is, Re (zl+z2) = Re (z1) + Re(z+2)
Im (z1+z2) =Im (z1) + Im(z2)”
Subtraction
“Subtraction is very similar to addition of complex numbers. All it takes to
understand subtraction is to substitute addition with subtraction. That’s it.”
Note- Repeat the steps shown in addition or refer to content.
Multiplication
“Multiplication is also similar as that of simple arithmetic. We can see that by taking a
simple expansion such as (a+b) (c+d) = ac+ad+bc+bd and implementing the same for
complex numbers. Similarly, consider the complex numbers z1 = a1+ ib1 and z2 = a2 + ib2
Then, the product is defined as:
z1z2 = a1a2+alb2i + bla2 i+ bl b2 i2
Since i2 = -1, therefore,
Z1z2 = (a1 a2 — bl b2) + i (al b2 + a2b2)
Also, there is also multiplicative inverse. For any non-zero complex number there exists
another complex number z-l or l/z, which is known as the multiplicative inverse of z such
that zz-1 = 1.
Note – Refer to content for Inverse’s steps.
Division
“ Division is where it gets a little complicated as it contains many steps and terms.
However, simply forming a general form for the division can make the calculations
much easier. So, let’s do just that.”
Note-Refer to content for steps
Conjugate
“Now that we have completed the basic operations on complex number. Let’s talk about
another important property of complex number i.e., conjugate of complex number. In
book words, A conjugate of a complex number is another complex number that has the
same real part as the original complex number, and the imaginary part has the same
magnitude but opposite sign. If we multiply a complex number with its conjugate, we get
a real number. Simply we just need to change the sign of the imaginary number “i”.
Consider a complex number z = a + ib. The conjugate of this complex number is
denoted by:”
Note – refer to content for specific properties of the conjugates.
Modulus
“ As we learned about the properties of conjugates, we came across a term
“modulus”. This term is used in many mathematical relevance as also in complex
number. So what is modulus in complex number? The modulus or absolute value of
complex number z = a+ib is defined as the non- negative real number . It is
denoted by |z| or |a + ib|.” As conjugates , it also has properties that make our
problem solving easier.”
Note – Refer to content for properties.
NOTE – USE OF PPTS CAN BE CONSIDERED FOR VIDEO INSTEAD OF ANIMATIONS