Lesson 3:
The Nervous
Major Divisions and Parts of the Nervous System
System
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BRAIN
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SPINAL
CORD
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NEURO
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SENSORY
NEURO
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MOTOR
NEURO
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NERVOU
SS Y S T E M
What if
human had no
brains?
What would happen if you did not have a
brain as shown?
Today, you’ll be able
to:
Identify the major divisions and parts of
nervous system.
Describe the role and function of each part
of Nervous System in our body. Did you know, Primates,
including humans, have a
group of neurons called mirror
Recognize the pivotal role of Nervous neurons?
System in our body
These are responsible for some
Explain the role of the Nervous System and behaviors being contagious,
such as yawning.
the Endocrine System in maintaining
Homeostasis.
The Nervous
System
it connects all your body parts and
transmits signals from one part to another.
It is a system of cells, tissues, and organs
that regulates the body’s responses to
internal and external stimuli.
Major & Parts of
NERVOUS the
Divisions
SYSTEM
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
(CNS) (PNS)
It serves as the main processing It connects the CNS to the organs
center for the entire nervous and limbs.
system.
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)
It consist of 2 main components, the Brain and the Spinal Cord.
BRAIN SPINAL
An organ located Serve CORD
as the channel
within the skull that for signals between
functions as the brain and the
organizer and rest of the body,
distributor of controls the
information for the musculoskeletal
body. reflexes without
input from the brain.
BRAIN
It has THREE main parts: Cerebrum, Cerebellum, and Brain Stem.
CEREBRUM
Large, upper part of the
brain that controls activity
and thought.
BRAIN
It has THREE main parts: Cerebrum, Cerebellum, and Brain Stem.
CEREBELLUM
The part under the
cerebellum that controls
posture, balance, and
coordination.
BRAIN
It has THREE main parts: Cerebrum, Cerebellum, and Brain Stem.
BRAIN STEM
The part that connects the
brain to the spinal cord and
controls automatic functions
such as breathing,
digestion, heart rate, and
blood pressure
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS
SYSTEM
It connects the CNS to the organs and limbs. It has 2
main division which are:
SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
This system is associated with the This system is associated with the
voluntary control of body involuntary control of body
movements. movements.
THE NERVE CELL
It is also
called
NEURON
Nerve Cell is
the basic unit of
Nervous
System.
There are approximately 86 billion of neurons in our body
THE NERVE CELL
Neuron has a cell
body called Soma
which contains the
Nucleus (contains
the genetic
information of an
organism, the
DNA).
There are approximately 86 billion of neurons in our body.
THE NERVE CELL
Dendrites carry impulses
towards the cell body.
Axons carry impulses away
from the cell body.
Axon pass impulses to the
Dendrites of other neurons
or cell body of muscle cells.
Axons can be grouped
together into cable-like
bundles called Nerves.
There are approximately 86 billion of neurons in our body.
CONTROLS OF Neurons are cells with the
special ability to carry signals
BODY or impulses.
PROCESSES
THROUGH THE NERVE IMPULSE is a
combination of an electrical
NERVOUS charge and a chemical
reaction.
SYSTEM.
CONTROLS OF A nerve impulse cannot
BODY jump from one neuron to
another.
PROCESSES When a nerve impulse comes
to an end of an axon, it
THROUGH THE produces the chemical,
called
NERVOUS NEUROTRANSMITTER, to
be released.
SYSTEM.
The chemical crosses the space
between neurons called
SYNAPSE and stimulates the
CONTROLS OF nerve impulse to start in the
next dendrite.
BODY
PROCESSES
THROUGH THE
NERVOUS
SYSTEM.
CONTROLS OF BODY PROCESSES THROUGH THE
NERVOUS SYSTEM.
The nervous system is assisted by the 5 SENSE
ORGANS.
EYES EARS NOSE TONGUE SKIN
The nervous system is assisted by the 5 SENSE
ORGANS.
EYES EARS NOSE TONGUE SKIN
These sense organs are constantly receiving information from the
environment and sending messages to the brain.
A STIMULUS (plural: stimuli) A RESPONSE is a reaction to
is any factor in the a stimulus.
environment that may trigger
a nerve impulse.
IDENTIFY THE
STIMULUS AND THE
RESPONSE
• As the students tasted the sour lemon slices during the
experiment, they puckered their lips and made funny
faces.
• When the bright sunlight streamed through the
classroom windows, the students squinted and
shielded their eyes with their hands.
DAAAMMNNN
An organism must
be able to respond
to a stimulus in
*
order to survive.
Reaction Time is the
length of time
between application of
*
stimulus and detection
of a response.
Did you know
class that
messages do not
*
travel in both
directions along
the same neuron?
Did you also know
that your brain
works round the
*
clock for as long
as you live?
MIN
D
BLOWNE
How does your
Nervous System
work?
It transmits information through
the spinal cord, which extends
from the brain down the back
and consists of fine nerves
that branch outs to every organ
and body part. When a
message reaches the brain
from any part of the body, the
brain commands the body to
respond.
Are you still listening? (my 12 am thoughts.)
How does your
Nervous System
work?
Neurons are specially intended
for information processing
and signaling.
Are you still listening? (my 12 am thoughts.)
How does your
Nervous System
work?
Motor Neurons transmit impulses
from the brain to the muscles,
glands, or other neurons in the
Peripheral Nervous System.
Sensory Neurons transmit
impulses from sensory nerves
(receptor cells) to the Central
Nervous System.
Are you still listening? (my 12 am thoughts.)
Nervous System working
together with Endocrine
System to maintain
HOMEOSTASIS Homeostasis
is the state reached when
each part of the body functions in
equilibrium with
other parts.
Nervous System working
together with Endocrine
System to maintain
HOMEOSTASIS Homeostasis
is the state reached when
each part of the body functions in
equilibrium with
other parts.