WATER

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT

TREATMENT
SYSTEM
Mitz David R. Navarro
Honey Lou C. Mosca
Introduction

• Water is made of water molecules (H2O)

• Water treatment process is to reduce and remove

impurities from water.

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

Introduction
Main Purpose of Water Treatment

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

Introduction

The Water Treatment System Includes:

• Pre-treatment system
• Demineralization system
• Condensate polisher system
• Waste water system

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

 WAT E R T R E AT M E N T S Y S T E M

PRE - TREATMENT
SYSTEM
 Sludge NaOCl
Sludge

Polymer
Microsand

NaOH PAC

RAW
WATER
PUMP

ACTIFLO UNIT-1
RAW WATER PIT

Anthracite
Sand # 2
Sand # 1

Gravel MMF
FEED
PUMP
MMF
`
FIRE WATER MMF CLEAR WATER
TANK INDUSTRIAL AIR TANK
BLOWER To MBP
WATER TANK
Pre-Treatment System
The Pre-treatment System Consists of The Following:

• One (1) 100% prepare tank

• Two (2) 50% Actiflo Units
• Three (3) Multi Media Units

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | PRE- TREATMENT SYSTEM

Pre-Treatment System
• The prepare tank is a pre-coagulation tank mixing the
high raw water Silica and the coagulant agent, Sodium
Aluminate, ( NaAIO2 ) before going to the next
treatment stage, (Actiflo).

• HCl is also injected for pH correction

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | PRE- TREATMENT SYSTEM

Actiflo Unit
• The Actiflo process is a high rate settling process that
combines the advantages of ballasted flocculation and
lamella clarification.

• The Actiflo process utilizes microsand as a seed for floc

formation in the clarification step.

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | PRE TREATMENT SYSTEM

Actiflo Unit

THERE ARE 3 TYPES OF CHEMICAL USED FOR THE ACTIFLO:

1. PAC (POLYACRYLAMIDE) FOR COAGULATION

2. POLYMER FOR MATURATION

3. NaOH FOR PH ADJUSTMENT

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | PRE TREATMENT SYSTEM

Actiflo Unit

ACTIFLO is a clarifier that removes Suspended Solid.

The parameter we monitor = Turbidity (NTU)

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | PRE TREATMENT SYSTEM

Actiflo Unit

To perform well, Actiflo needs:

• Coagulant to create flocs
• Sand to make the flocs heavy
• Polymer to glue the flocs and the sand together

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | PRE TREATMENT SYSTEM

Actiflo Unit

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | PRE TREATMENT SYSTEM

ACTIFLO - Coagulant - PAC

• Coagulant dose is related to the amount of solid which

needs to be removed from water

• Coagulant flow is related to Actiflo inlet flow and required

dose

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | PRE TREATMENT SYSTEM

ACTIFLO - Coagulant - PAC

• The higher the turbidity and Suspended solids, the higher

the coagulant dose.

• Good values will be determined during the commissioning

phase (expected dose is: 5 to 10 mg/l)

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | PRE TREATMENT SYSTEM

Polymer

• Polymer is the “glue”

• Too much glue create more sludge
• Too little glue does not catch all flocs

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | PRE TREATMENT SYSTEM

Microsand
• Microsand is not a chemical that you dose continuously
• We lose a little bit of sand in the sludge which means that we need to
TOP UP the sand concentration

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | PRE TREATMENT SYSTEM

Multimedia Filter
• Multimedia filters produce a uniform, high quality filtrate that is
low in Turbidity
• The filters contain carefully graded sizes and densities of
filtration media

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | PRE- TREATMENT SYSTEM

Media Layers

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | PRE- TREATMENT SYSTEM

Purpose of Multimedia Filter
A MMF is used to reduce the level of suspended solids,(Turbidity), in the
incoming feed water. Suspended solids consists of small particles such as silt,
clay, organic matter, algae and other microorganisms. Incoming feed water that
is high in suspended solids can cause a high pressure drop and reduce the
effectiveness of downstream filtration equipment such as reverse osmosis
membranes.

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | PRE- TREATMENT SYSTEM

When is MMF required?

A MMF is suggested when the Silt Density Index, SDI, value is

greater than 3 or when the Turbidity is greater than 0.2 NTU. There is no
exact rule, but the above guidelines should be followed to prevent
premature fouling of RO membranes.

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | PRE- TREATMENT SYSTEM

How does MMF work?

A MMF typically contains 4 layers of media consisting of anthracite coal, two different
sands and supporting gravel. These are the medias of choice because differences in size and
density. The larger, (but lighter), anthracite coal will be on top and the heaver, (but smaller),
sands remain on the bottom. The filter media arrangement allows the largest
dirt particles to be removed near the top of the media bed with the
smaller dirt particles being retained deeper and deeper in the media.
This allows the entire bed to act as a filter allowing much longer filter
run times between backwash and more efficient particulate removal

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | PRE- TREATMENT SYSTEM

 WAT E R T R E AT M E N T S Y S T E M

DEMINERALIZATION
SYSTEM
 NaOH
Anti-Scalant
From
CIP Filter

From
Industial
Water Tank R.O. UNIT
Activated HP
FILTER Carbon PUMP
WATER
PUMP
R.O. PERMEATE
WATER TANK

ACF R.O. To CIP Tank NaOCl

PRE-FILTER

POTABLE
POTABLE WATER PUMP
WATER TANK
From
CIP Filter

CEDI
UNIT
DEMINERALIZED
WATER TANK
To CIP Tank
CEDI
TRANSFER PUMP
SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM| DEMINERALIZATION SYST
Activated Carbon Filter
- process of removing organic compounds and/or extracting free
chlorine from water, thereby making the water suitable for discharge
or use in manufacturing processes.

- Filtration and Absorption

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | DEMINERALIZATION SYSTEM

Reverse Osmosis Unit

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | DEMINERALIZATION SYSTEM

Reverse Osmosis

• is a technology that is used to remove a large majority of contaminants

from water by pushing the water under pressure through a semi-permeable
membrane.
• used to remove harmful scalants and damaging residues to minimize
deposits in expensive boilers, or to recycle waste waters into water that
can be re‐used for washdown, irrigation or evaporative cooling , thus
prolonging the availability of freshwater resources.

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | DEMINERALIZATION SYSTEM

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | DEMINERALIZATION SYSTEM
Reverse Osmosis

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | DEMINERALIZATION SYSTEM

Reverse Osmosis Unit
• Remove :
Total Organic Carbon (TOC)
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)
• From high to low concentration
• 1-10 angstrom range
• Product: RO Permeate Water

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | DEMINERALIZATION SYSTEM

 CONTINUOUS
ELECTRODEIONIZATION
( CEDI )

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | DEMINERALIZATION SYSTEM

ELECTRODEIONIZATION

• EDI is a process which combines semi-impermeable membrane

technology with ion-exchange media to provide a high efficiency
demineralization process.

• Electro dialysis employ electrical current and specially-prepared

membranes which are semi permeable to ions based on their charge,
electrical current, and ability to reduce the ions based to their charge.

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | DEMINERALIZATION SYSTEM

CONTINUOUS ELECTRODEIONIZATION
( CEDI )

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | DEMINERALIZATION SYSTEM

CONTINUOUS ELECTRODEIONIZATION
( CEDI )
• Water treatment technology that utilizes an electricity, ion exchange
membranes and resin to deionize water and separate dissolved ions
(impurities) from water.

• It differs from other water purification technologies in that it is done without

the use of chemical treatments and is usually a polishing treatment to
reverse osmosis (RO)

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | DEMINERALIZATION SYSTEM

 WAT E R T R E AT M E N T S Y S T E M

CONDENSATE POLISHER
SYSTEM
 From Condenser MBP Regeneration:

NaOH

ANTHRACITE
Anthracite FILTER

Regenerant
Collection

To Regen MBP
WW Pool - 1 To MMF

To Regen HCl
From Demin WW Pool - 2
Water Tank

REGENERATION
WATER PUMP

MBP
To LPH 1

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM| CONDENSATE POLISHER SYST
Condensate Polisher System

A condensate polisher is a device used to filter water condensed from

steam as part of the steam cycle. It is frequently filled with polymer resins
which are used to remove or exchange ions such that the purity of the
condensate is maintained at or near that of distilled water.

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | CONDENSATE POLISHER SYSTEM

Anthracite Filter

• Anthracite filters produce uniform, high quality filtrate that removes crud in
the condensate piping system.
• The filters contain carefully graded sizes and densities of filtration media.

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | CONDENSATE POLISHER SYSTEM

Mixed Bed Polisher

• Cation and anion resin mixes in one tank

• Cation & anion resin size & density is different

- Cation Higher density & bigger bead

- Anion resin Lower density & smaller bead

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | CONDENSATE POLISHER SYSTEM

Mixed Bed Regeneration
• Regeneration of mixed bed units is very specific
• Each individual step is critical for the good performance of the system.
• Regeneration of mixed bed units is very specific
• Each individual step is critical for the good performance of the system.
The steps are:
[Link] by backwashing
[Link] injection, simultaneous
[Link] displacement
[Link] water to resin level
[Link] with air
[Link] the unit
[Link] rinse

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | CONDENSATE POLISHER SYSTEM

MIXED BED REGENERATION RESIN
SEPARATION

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT CONDENSATE POLISHER SYSTEM

WASTE WATER
WAT E R T R E AT M E N T S Y S T E M

TREATMENT
SYSTEM
Waste Water Treatment
• This System collects regeneration and backwash waste water from the
pre-treatment system, demineralizer system, and the Condensate polisher
system either by the drain ditch or pipeline.

• The waste is collected in the Regeneration Waster Water Pool and once
high level is reached the waste is transferred to the Neutralization tank

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | WASTE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

Neutralization Tank
• The waste water is neutralized by the addition of NaOH and HCL
chemicals to achieve a pH range of 7.0 to 7.5
• The outlet overflows to the Waste Water Buffer Pool

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | | WASTE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

Waste Water Buffer Pool
The waste inlet comes from the following streams:
 Neutralization tank
 Cooling tower & blowdown water
 Filter press 2
 Sludge thickener 2
 Off spec water from Effluence pumps

• There is a blower to keep the waste in a mixing state.

• The waste water is then pumped to the Actiflo unit 2

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | WASTE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

Actiflo Unit

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | | WASTE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

PH ADJUSTMENT TANK AND
EFFLUENT TANK
• The discharge from the Actiflo is subjected to final pH adjustment by the
addition of HCL or NaOH.
• The pH target is 6 to 9

The effluence discharge pumps have 2 auto valves installed on the

discharge line.
• Discharge to effluence, open if pH is 6 to 9 range
• Recycle back to waste water buffer pool, if pH <6 or >9

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | | WASTE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

Waste Water (High CONCENTRATE
TDS) WATER TANK

PH ADJUST
TANK-1

EVAPORATOR
Mixed Bed PACKAGE
Polisher

EXCHANGE
EJECTOR PUMP
Generation Waste SYSTEM
Water Pool Water
WASTE WATER
PUMP - 2 Treatment
Exchange Ejector HEAT
EXCHANGER
Pump System COOLING
TOWER

FEED

EFFLUENT
TANK
CRYSTAL Process Flow
HOPPER
 WAT E R T R E AT M E N T S Y S T E M

SLUDGE TREATMENT
SYSTEM
Sludge Treatment System
[Link] buffer tank
[Link] Thickener
[Link] press

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | SLUDGE TREATMENT SYSTEM

Sludge Handling System
There are 2 sludge treatment systems
• For pre-treatment sludge waste from Actiflo units 1A/ B
• For regeneration sludge waste from Actiflo -2

• Sludge Thickener
• To store and thicken the sludge
• Filter Press
• For dewatering the sludge

SMC GLOBAL POWER - LIMAY PROJECT | | SLUDGE TREATMENT SYSTEM

PROCESS FLOW CHART