Discovering Computers
Fundamentals,
2010 Edition
Living in a Digital World
Objectives Overview
See Page 463 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 2
for Detailed Objectives Chapter 12
Objectives Overview
See Page 463 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 3
for Detailed Objectives Chapter 12
What Is Enterprise Computing?
• Enterprise computing involves the use of computers in networks,
such as LANs and WANs, or a series of interconnected networks
that encompass a variety of different operating systems, protocols,
and network architectures
Pages 464 - 465 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 4
Figure 12-1 Chapter 12
What Is Enterprise Computing?
• Types of enterprises include:
Page 466 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 5
Chapter 12
What Is Enterprise Computing?
• Most traditional enterprises are organized in a
hierarchical manner
Page 466 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 6
Figure 12-2 Chapter 12
What Is Enterprise Computing?
• In an enterprise, users typically fall into one of
four categories:
Page 467 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 7
Figure 12-3 Chapter 12
What Is Enterprise Computing?
• Enterprise information is the information
gathered in the ongoing operations of an
enterprise-sized organization
– Business intelligence
– Business process management
– Business process automation
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 12, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Business Process
Management below Chapter 12
Page 468 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 8
Chapter 12
What Is Enterprise Computing?
• Managers coordinate resources by performing
four activities
Page 468 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 9
Chapter 12
Information Systems in the Enterprise
• An information system is a set of hardware,
software, data, people, and procedures that work
together to produce information
Pages 468 - 469 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 10
Figure 12-4 Chapter 12
Information Systems in the Enterprise
• Functional units within an enterprise might
include:
Page 469 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 11
Chapter 12
Information Systems in the Enterprise
• Accounting software manages everyday transactions
• Billing software helps the company reconcile purchases
with customer payments
• Financial software helps managers budget, forecast, and
analyze
Page 470 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 12
Figure 12-6 Chapter 12
Information Systems in the Enterprise
• A human resource
information system (HRIS)
manages one or more
human resources functions
• Employee relationship
management systems
manage communication
between employees and
the business
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 12, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click ERM
below Chapter 12
Pages 470 - 471 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 13
Figure 12-7 Chapter 12
Information Systems in the Enterprise
• Computer-aided design (CAD) uses a computer and
special software to aid in engineering, drafting, and
design
• Computer-aided engineering (CAE) uses computers to
test product designs
• Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) is the use of
computers to control production equipment
Page 471 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 14
Chapter 12
Information Systems in the Enterprise
• Computer-integrated
manufacturing (CIM) uses
computers to integrate
the many different
operations of the
manufacturing process
• Material Requirements
Planning (MRP) uses
software to help monitor
and control processes
related to production
Page 471 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 15
Figure 12-8 Chapter 12
Information Systems in the Enterprise
Pages 471 - 472 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 16
Chapter 12
Information Systems in the Enterprise
• Sales force automation (SFA) software equips
traveling salespeople with the electronic tools
they need to be more productive
Page 472 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 17
Figure 12-9 Chapter 12
Information Systems in the Enterprise
• Distribution systems perform the following
functions:
Page 472 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 18
Chapter 12
Information Systems in the Enterprise
• Customer interaction management (CIM)
software manages the day-to-day interactions
with customers
Pages 472 - 473 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 19
Chapter 12
Information Systems in the Enterprise
• The information technology (IT) department makes
technology decisions for the enterprise
– Whether to build or buy new information systems
– When a computer or information system has outlived its useful
live
• A chief information officer (CIO) is an executive position
that oversees the IT department
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 12, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click IT Departments
below Chapter 12
Page 473 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 20
Chapter 12
Information Systems in the Enterprise
• General purpose information systems generally
fall into one of five categories
Page 473 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 21
Chapter 12
Information Systems in the Enterprise
• Batch processing vs. online transaction processing
Page 474 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 22
Figure 12-10 Chapter 12
Information Systems in the Enterprise
Management Information System Decision Support System
Page 475 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 23
Figures 12-11 – 12-12 Chapter 12
Information Systems in the Enterprise
Page 476 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 24
Figure 12-13 Chapter 12
Information Systems in the Enterprise
Pages 477 - 478 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 25
Chapter 12
Information Systems in the Enterprise
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 12, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click ERP
below Chapter 12
Page 478 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 26
Figure 12-15 Chapter 12
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
• Some technologies used in enterprises include:
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 12, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Data Centers
below Chapter 12
Page 479 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 27
Chapter 12
Video: A Tour of Lucasfilm Data Center
CLICK TO START
Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 28
Chapter 12
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
• A portal is a collection of links, content, and services
presented on a Web page that are interesting for a
particular job function
Pages 479 - 480 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 29
Figure 12-16 Chapter 12
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
• A data warehouse is a huge database that stores
and manages the data required to analyze
historical and current transactions
Pages 480 - 481 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 30
Figure 12-17 Chapter 12
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
Pages 480 - 481 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 31
Chapter 12
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
• Web services allow businesses to create products
and B2B interactions over the Internet
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 12, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Web Services
below Chapter 12
Pages 481 - 482 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 32
Figure 12-18 Chapter 12
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
• A workflow is a defined process that identifies the
specific set of steps involved in completing a
particular project or business process
– Workflow application
Page 482 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 33
Chapter 12
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
• A virtual private network (VPN) provides mobile
users, vendors, and customers with a secure
connection to the company network server
Pages 482 - 483 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 34
Figure 12-19 Chapter 12
Virtualization and Cloud Computing
• Virtualization is the practice of sharing or pooling
computing resources
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 12, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Virtualization
below Chapter 12
Page 483 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 35
Chapter 12
Virtualization and Cloud Computing
Cloud computing is an
Internet service that
provides computing
needs to computing
users
Grid computing combines
many servers and/or personal
computers on a network to act
as one large computer
Pages 483 - 484 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 36
Chapter 12
E-Commerce
Page 484 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 37
Figure 12-20 Chapter 12
Enterprise Hardware
• Enterprise hardware allows large organizations to
manage and store information and data using
devices geared for:
– Heavy use
– Maximum availability
– Maximum efficiency
• RAID duplicates data and
implements duplication
in different ways
Pages 485 - 486 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 38
Figure 12-21 Chapter 12
Enterprise Hardware
• Network attached storage (NAS) is a server that
provides storage to users and information systems
attached to the network
Pages 486 - 487 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 39
Figure 12-22a Chapter 12
Enterprise Hardware
• A storage area network (SAN) is a high-speed
network that provides storage to other servers to
which it is attached
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 12, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click NAS and SAN
below Chapter 12
Pages 486 - 487 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 40
Figure 12-22b Chapter 12
Enterprise Hardware
• An enterprise storage
system is a strategy that
focuses on the
availability, protection,
organization, and
backup of storage in a
company
• Goal is to consolidate
storage
Pages 487 - 488 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 41
Figure 12-23 Chapter 12
Enterprise Hardware
• A blade server packs a
complete computer
server on a single card
(called a blade) rather
than a system unit
• The individual blades
insert in a blade server
chassis
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click Chapter 12, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Blade Servers
below Chapter 12
Page 489 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 42
Figure 12-24 Chapter 12
High Availability, Scalability,
and Interoperability
• A high-availability system continues running and
performing tasks for at least 99 percent of the
time
– May include hot-swapping
and redundant components
• When a component fails, another
component takes over and the
system continues to function
Pages 489 - 490 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 43
Figure 12-25 Chapter 12
High Availability, Scalability,
and Interoperability
• Scalability is a measure • Interoperability is the
of how well computer ability for an
hardware, software, or information system to
an information system share information with
can grow to meet other information
increasing performance systems within an
demands enterprise
Page 490 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 44
Chapter 12
Backup Procedures
Page 490 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 45
Chapter 12
Backup Procedures
• A disaster recovery plan is a written plan describing the
steps a company would take to restore computer
operations in the event of a disaster
• Contains four major components
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 12, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Disaster Recovery Plan
below Chapter 12
Page 491 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 46
Chapter 12
Summary
Page 492 Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2010 Edition 47
Chapter 12
Discovering Computers
Fundamentals,
2010 Edition
Living in a Digital World
Chapter 12 Complete