CN 211: Computer Networking

Protocols

Course Outline

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 Course Facilitators
• Dr. Mohamedi M. Mjahidi
—PhD CE

• Dr. Daniel Ngondya

—PhD ICSE

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CN 211: Computer Networking
Protocols
• Contacts:
— Dr. Mjahidi
 Cell Phone: 0713834078
 Email: mmjahidi@[Link]
 Office: Academic Block No. 202

— Dr. Ngondya
 Cell Phone: 0753845400
 Email: dngondya@[Link]

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 CN 211: Computer Networking
Protocols
 Course Weight: 10.0 Credits
• Lecturers
 Group 1 [CSDFE and TE] :
 Tuesday 13:30 - 15:30hrs, LRB 005B
 Group 2 [DCBE, SE, and IS]
 Wednesday 07:30 - 15:30hrs, LRB ?
 Group 3 [CNISE, BIS, and CS]
 Thursday 09:30 - 11:30hrs, LRB ?

• Practical
 Group 1 [TE2 & CSDFE2] :
 Tuesday 07:30 - 09:30hrs, NET_LAB?
 Group 2 ?
 Group 3 ?
 Group 4 ?

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CN 211: Computer Networking
Protocols
• Prerequisites:
 CN 122 - Introduction to Networking
• Course description:
 Aimed at giving foundational principles,
architectures, techniques employed in computer
networks and protocols and mechanisms used in
the Internet.
 TCP/IP protocol suite, including the operation of
both Wide-Area Network and Local-Area
Networks are also introduced.
 Special emphasis is placed on analysis of
network and different layer protocols
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CN 211: Computer Networking
Protocols
• Course Content
 Introduction: Introduction to layered models,
benefits of using a layered model.
 Open System Interconnection (OSI/ISO)
Reference Model: Seven layers of the OSI
Model-Application, Presentation, Session,
Transport, Network, Data link, Physical.
 TCP/IP Model: 4/5 layers-Application
Transport, Internetwork, Network Interface.
TCP/IP Data Encapsulation, OSI vs TCP/IP.
Addressing-MAC Addressing, Port Addressing,
IP addressing.
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 CN 211: Computer Networking
Protocols
• Course Content
 IP Fundamentals: IP packet, IP addressing, IP
Networking Classes A-F, Network Address Masks,
Decimal vs Binary Format, IPv4 vs IPv6, Private/Public
IP addressing, static/dynamic Network Address
Translation.
 Subnetting: Subnet Masks, Subnet Number and ID,
Calculating Subnet Number, Variable Length Subnet
Masks, Supernetting.
 TCP/UDP Fundamentals: connection-oriented vs
connectionless protocols, TCP Frame Format, UDP
Frame Format, Reliable vs Unreliable Protocols, The
use of Port Numbers, Connection opening and Closing,
Segmentation of data and Data Sequencing, Error
recovery,
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 CN 211: Computer Networking
Protocols
• Course Content
 Some TCP/IP and UDP/IP Applications: File
Transfer Protocol, Telnet, Simple Mail Transfer
Protocol (SMTP), Domain Name System (DNS),
Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP), Hypertext
Transfer Protocol (HTTP), Post Office Protocol
Version 3 (POP3), Simple Network Management
Protocol (SNMP)
 Other Protocols: TFTP, ARP, RARP, DHCP,
BOOTP

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 CN 211: Computer Networking
Protocols
• Key References/ Textbooks
 Douglas E. C., (1997), Computer Networks and Internets,
Prentice Hall
 William S., (1996) Data and Computer Communications, 5th
Ed., Prentice Hall.
 Andrew S. Tanenbaum (1996), Computer Networks, 3rd Ed.,
Prentice Hall.
 Fred H., (1996), Data Commuication, Computer Networks
and Open Systems, 4th Ed., Addison-Wesley.
 Snader J.C., (2000), Effective TCP/IP Programming: 44 Tips
to Improve Your Network Programs, Upper Saddle River,
NJ: Addison-Wesley
 Stevens, W. R. (1998), UNIX Network Programming, Volume
1: Networking APIs-Sockets and XTI, 2nd Ed., Upper Saddle
River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
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 CN 211: Computer Networking
Protocols
• Tools and Software
 VMWare or VirtualBox (Create Virtual PCs and
Networks)
 Wireshark (Network Analysis-Understand how
protocols work)
 Pcap (Packet Capture-indepth analysis of incoming and
outgoing traffic)
 Cisco PacketTracer (For network design,
configuration and packets analysis)
 Cisco Router and Switches

 Download, Install and Learn how to

use these tools/software
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 CN 211: Computer Networking
Protocols

• Coursework:
 2 - Tests
 Several Lab Assignments

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 INTRODUCTION

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Introduction
• Introduction to layered models and
• Benefits of Using a Layered Model.

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Introduction to layered models
• When networks first came into being, computers
could typically communicate only with computers
from the same manufacturer.
— For example, companies ran either a complete DELL
solution or an IBM solution—not both together.

• Layering is a modern network design principle

which divides the communication tasks into a
number of smaller parts, each part accomplishing
a particular sub-task and interacting with the
other parts in a small number of well-defined
ways.

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Introduction to layered models
• To reduce their design complexity, most
networks are organized as a stack of layers or
levels, each one built upon the one below it.

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Introduction to layered models
• What differs from one network to another:-
— The number of layers
— The name of each layer
— The contents of each layer and
— The function of each layer.

• The purpose of each layer is to offer certain

services to the higher layers, shielding those
layers from the details of how the offered services
are actually implemented.

• In a sense, each layer is a kind of virtual machine,

offering certain services to the layer above it.
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Introduction to layered models

Layers, protocols and interfaces.

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Introduction to layered models
• When network designers decide how many layers
to include in a network and what each one should
do, one of the most important considerations is
defining clean interfaces between the layers.

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Introduction to layered models
• A set of layers and protocols is called a network
architecture.

• The specification of an architecture must contain

enough information to allow an implementer to
write the program or build the hardware for each
layer so that it will correctly obey the appropriate
protocol.

• It is not even necessary that the interfaces on all

machines in a network be the same, provided that
each machine can correctly use all the protocols.
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Benefits of Using a Layered Model.
• The primary purpose of all such models, especially
the OSI model, is to allow different vendors’
networks to interoperate.

• It divides the network communication process into

smaller and simpler components, thus aiding
component development, design, and
troubleshooting.

• It allows multiple-vendor development through

standardization of network components.

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 Benefits of Using a Layered Model.
• It encourages industry standardization by defining
what functions occur at each layer of the model.

• It allows various types of network hardware and

software to communicate.

• It prevents changes in one layer from affecting other

layers, so it does not hamper development.

• Layering allows the parts of a communication to be

designed and tested without a combinatorial
explosion of cases, keeping each design relatively
simple.

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