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Understanding Complex Numbers and Operations

The document discusses the history and fundamentals of complex numbers, starting from René Descartes' ideas to Carl Friedrich Gauss' contributions. It defines complex numbers in the form a + bi, outlines operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, and presents various exercises for practice. Additionally, it highlights properties of complex numbers and their applications in fields like signal processing and quantum mechanics.

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3 views16 pages

Understanding Complex Numbers and Operations

The document discusses the history and fundamentals of complex numbers, starting from René Descartes' ideas to Carl Friedrich Gauss' contributions. It defines complex numbers in the form a + bi, outlines operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, and presents various exercises for practice. Additionally, it highlights properties of complex numbers and their applications in fields like signal processing and quantum mechanics.

Uploaded by

Mrvn Ssn
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Complex

Number
System
Find the roots
o t
of the quadratic Th i s i
r
s
e
n
a l !
no t
equation:
x^2 - 4x + 5
The idea that numbers are purely
fictitious was first put out by René
Descartes, who stated that "one
can imagine as many (numbers) as
already mentioned in each
equation, but sometimes, there is
no quantity that matches what we
imagine."
However, Gerolamo Cardano's
contribution to the understanding of
complex numbers dates back to the
16th century. He demonstrated that the
presence of a negative number inside a
square root can result in the solution of
an equation. The square root of a
negative number was regarded to be
impossible until that point.
The contemporary foundations of
the word were developed by
mathematician Carl Friedrich
Gauss in the latter half of the 18th
century as he combined Cardano's
premises with a book on complex
numbers in a plane.
A complex number is a
number in the form a
+ bi , where a and b
are real numbers and i
is the imaginary unit.

i = √(-1) , i^2 = -1
Try These:
• i^5
• i^23
• i^14
• i^52
• (2i)^6
• (i^23)^4
• i^-8
• i^2^5
• i^2(i^21/3)
• i^i^5^2
Two complex numbers a+bi and
c+di are equal if and only if a=c
and b=d.
OPERATIONS ON COMPLEX NUMBER
(ADDITION, SUBTRACTION, AND
MULTIPLICATION)

(a + bi )+ (c + di) = (a + c) + (b + d)i
(a + bi) - (c + di) = (a - c) + (b - d)i
(a + bi)(c +di) = ac + (ad)i + (bc)i +
(bd)i^2
= (ac - bd) + (ad + bc)i
08
Write the following
complex numbers in
standard form
1. (5 + 8i) + (7 + 4i)
2. (12 + 5i)i - (9 - 8i)
3. (1 - 3i)(6 - 5i)
4. (3 + 5i - (3 +4i)
5.i(2 + 3i)(5 – 6i)
COMPLEX NUMBER PROPERTIES
If x, y, and z are complex numbers, then
• x+y=y+x
• x + (y + z) = (x + y) + z
• The complex number 0 = 0 + 0i is an additive
identity, that is z + 0 = z
• z = a + bi , -z = -a + (-bi); z + (-z) = 0
• xy = yx
• x(yz) = (xy)z
• x (y + z) = xy + xz
• xy = 0, x = 0 or y = 0
DIVISION 0F
COMPLEX NUMBERS
Simplify the following and
write them in the standard
form
• 3/4i
• 1/i
• (i^-1)/2
• (4 + 3i)/(1 - 5i)
• (0 + i)/(4 + 7i)
Can you write
the general
form of the
division of
complex
numbers (a +
bi)/(c + di)?
1. Signal
Some real
Processing
life
2. AC Circuit
application
Analysis
of complex
3. Quantum
numbers
Mechanics
4. Electromagnetis
ACTIVITY #2

A) Evaluate the following:


• i (i + i^4^2)
• i^4 (2i)
• (3i)^4 + 1/(2i)^6
• i^81^(1/2)^(2)
• i(i)(2i)(3i)(4i)(2/3(i^3))
ACTIVITY #2

B) PERFORM THE FOLLOWING OPERATIONS


ON COMPLEX NUMBERS AND WRITE YOUR
ANSWER IN STANDARD FORM.
• (4 + 5i) + (3/8)i
• (2^3 + 8i) - (2^-3 + 7i)
• i(3 + 13i)(√2 + 4i)
• g = (9 + (1/2)i), h = (6 + 5i). Find
g^2/h
• If x = (b + ci) and y = (d - ei). Find the
general form of x/y.

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