KATHMANDU
UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
FINAL PRESENTATION
ON
REHABILITATION, UPGRADATION AND MAINTENANCE
OF SUNKOSHI HYDROPOWER (SMALL)
PRESENTED BY: PRESENTED TO:
GROUP 3
ASST. PROF. SANTOSH CHAUDHARY
SHIVA ARYAL
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
ANISH KUNWAR CHHETRI
BIPIN GHALE
SITAL GHIMIRE
MANISH PANDEY
SENCHEN THAMSUHANG
17TH DECEMBER, 2024
CONTENTS
01 INTRODUCTION
02 OBJECTIVES AND LIMITATIONS
03 LITERATURE REVIEW
04 METHODOLOGY
05 FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR PUMP STORAGE CONVERSION
06 DESIGN AND CALCULATIONS
07 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PROPOSED PUMP STORAGE CONVERSION
08 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
09 WORK SCHEDULE
10 CONCLUSION
11 REFERENCES
02/42
INTRODUCTION
• Small ROR type hydropower with an installed capacity of 2.5
MW
• Constructed by Sanima Hydropower Pvt Ltd.
• Only Project in Nepal to use Pressurized Glass Fiber Reinforced
Plastic (GRP) pipe for flow
• About 90km north east of Ktm along Araniko highway in the
Dhuskun of Sindhupalchowk district.
• Headworks situated on the Sunkoshi khola 3.5 km above its
confluence with the Bhotekoshi River in Dhuskun VDC
• Powerhouse situated about 300m downstream from the
Figure 1. Sunkoshi Hydropower (Small)
confluence of Sunkoshi and Bhotekoshi River
03/42
INTRODUCTION
Co-ordinates 27°37'05"N 85°17'39"E Co-ordinates 27°37'05"N 85°17'39"E
Type of Plant Storage Type of Plant Storage
Installed Capacity 500 KW Installed Capacity 500 KW
Reservoir Capacity 528783 [Link] Reservoir Capacity 528783 [Link]
Gross Head 1860.23 ft Gross Head 1860.23 ft
Turbines 2 x 250 Kw Turbines 2 x 250 Kw
04/42
INTRODUCTION
REHABILITATION, UPGRADATION AND MAINTAINANCE
Rehabilitation, Upgradation, and Maintenance (RUM) in our project involves repairing and modernizing the
Pharping Hydropower Plant's infrastructure, transforming it into a pumped storage facility to improve
efficiency, capacity, and operational longevity.
Rehabilitating, upgrading, and maintaining HPP is crucial for several reasons:
• Efficiency Improvement
• Increased Capacity
• Cost-Effectiveness
• Environmental Benefits
• Reliability and Stability
• Economic and Social Benefits:
05/42
INTRODUCTION
SCOPE FOR REHABILITATION, UPGRADATION AND MAINTAINANCE
• To convert current Pharping HPP to a pumped storage
hydropower plant.
• To increase the storage capacity of the reservoir
• To increase peak hour power production.
• To identify, repair and upgrade the existing system
if required.
Figure 3. Pharping Hydropower station and reservoir
06/42
OBJECTIVES AND LIMITATIONS
GENERAL OBJECTIVES
• Conduct a feasibility analysis for the rehabilitation, upgrade, and maintenance of the Pharping Hydropower
project
• Construct a detailed topographic map of Pharping Hydropower plant.
SPECIFIED OBJECTIVES
• Evaluate the viability of converting the current storage-type system into a pumped storage facility, considering
technical, economic, and environmental factors.
LIMITATIONS
• Calculation of catchment area wasn’t feasible due to spring intake
• Limited data in DHM-Nepal Department of Hydrology and Meterology
07/42
LITERATURE REVIEW
01 ROR hydropower
• In a RoR HPP, a portion of the river water might be diverted to a channel or pipeline (penstock) to
convey the water to a hydraulic turbine, which is connected to an electricity generator ( Figure 4)
• Relatively inexpensive and
• Such facilities have, in general, lower environmental impacts than similar-sized storage hydropower
plants
08/42
LITERATURE REVIEW
02 Components of RoR
Hydropower
• Weir
• Intake
• Gravel Trap
• Settling basin
• Forebay
• Head pond
• Headrac e tunnel
• Surge tank
• Penstock
Figure 4: Schematic diagram of a typical run-of-river hydropower
• Powerhouse system [4].
• Tailrace
10/42
METHODOLOGY
Preliminary Study
Reconnaissance
Topo Survey
Data calculation
and plotting
Design calculation
Final presentation
11/42
METHODOLOGY
PRELIMINARY STUDY
• Observation of ……hydropower plant through google maps and google earth
• Study of history of ……..Hydropower plant and it’s usage
• Request for permission for visit and conduct survey of …….. Hydropower plant from …….
RECONNAISSANCE
• Visit and interact with …….. Hydropower personnel.
• Fixation of control points for the detailed survey
• Arrangement of required survey instruments
Figure 4. During reconnaissance
12/42
METHODOLOGY
TOPO SURVEY
• Establishment of control points
• Acquirement of co-ordinates from ‘Handy GPS’
• Detailed topographic survey was conducted Figure 5. Detailed Topo survey
DATA CALCULATION AND PLOTTING
• Extraction of data from Total Station
• Import and plotting of co-ordinates in AUTOCAD
• Preparation of topo map along with L-section and cross-section
Figure 6. Survey
13/42
GEOSPATIAL AND HYDROLOGICAL ANALYSIS
1.1 STUDY AREA MAP
13/42
GEOSPATIAL AND HYDROLOGICAL ANALYSIS
1.2 PROJECT BOUNDARY
The project boundary of the hydropower was accessed through the official website of DoED.
• Latitude = 27°46’00“ N to 27°48’00“ N
• Longitude = 85°53’00“ E to 85°56’00"E
13/42
GEOSPATIAL AND HYDROLOGICAL ANALYSIS
1.3 TOPOGRAPHIC MAP
• The topographical survey of the hydropower from approach canal to the sediment flush canal was
done using total station.
• A total of 300 data's were collected
• Data's were then imported to AutoCAD using SW-DTM software
• Topographical map was plotted and L-section along the canal alignment were drawn
• X-sections were drawn at 20m interval
13/42
GEOSPATIAL AND HYDROLOGICAL ANALYSIS
13/42
Figure 7. Topographic map 14/42
L-SECTION
Figure 8. Longitudinal Profile
15/42
X-SECTION
Figure 8. Cross section -0+000 to 0+020 m 15/42
X-SECTION
Figure 8. Cross section -0+040 to 0+060 m 15/42
X-SECTION
Figure 8. Cross section -0+060 to 0+080 m 15/42
X-SECTION
Figure 8. Cross section -0+100 to 0+120 m 15/42
X-SECTION
Figure 8. Cross section -0+140 to 0+160 m 15/42
X-SECTION
Figure 8. Cross section -0+180 to 0+200 m 15/42
X-SECTION
Figure 8. Cross section -0+220 to 0+240 m 15/42
X-SECTION
Figure 8. Cross section -0+260 to 0+280 m 15/42
X-SECTION
Figure 8. Cross section -0+300 to 0+304.13 m 15/42
FEASIBILITY OF PUMP STORAGE
CONVERSION
EXISTING PHARPING HYDROPOWER SPECIFICATIONS
Water Discharge 0.1 (m³/s)
Installed Capacity 500 KW
Reservoir Capacity 528783 [Link]
Gross Head 567 m
Turbines 2 x 250 Kw
23/42
FEASIBILITY OF PUMP STORAGE
CONVERSION
CONVERSION PLAN FOR PUMPED STORAGE
Components For Conversion Conversion Steps
• Upper and Lower Reservoir • Site Assessment
• Pump Unit • Design and Engineering
• Penstocks and Pipelines • Environmental and Social Impact
• Control Systems Assessment
• Construction
• Testing and Commissioning
24/42
DESIGN AND CALCULATIONS
CALCULATION FOR ADDITIONAL 50kW PEAK POWER DEMAND
DISCHARGE DETERMINATION
As, friction factor for rivetted steel pipe of 0.5 m diameter =0.03
Length of penstock = 773.58 m
Friction loss in penstock = (fLv^2)/2gD = 0.67m
Entrance and exit loss = v^2/2g = 0.0145m
Losses in bends = (kv^2)/2g =0.0173m
Net head (Hnet)= Gross head - losses = 566.24 m
Power generation (P) = 500KW
Discharge required (Q) = P/ȠϒH = 0.105 m³/s
25/42
WORK SCHEDULE
Figure 22. Gantt chart
36/42
WORK SCHEDULE
WEEK 02
Figure 23. During reconnaissance Figure 24. Pelton bucket
37/42
WORK SCHEDULE
WEEK 03
Figure 25. During Topo Survey
38/42
WORK SCHEDULE
WEEK 4-9
• Analyzed the collected survey data.
• Generated topographic maps and profiles indicating elevations, slopes, and other relevant
features.
WEEK 10
• ‘Mid Term Defense’ for the project
• Analyzed plans for conversion of pumped storage hydropower plant.
39/42
WORK SCHEDULE
WEEK 11-13
• Evaluated technical, economic, and environmental factors for conversion.
• Drafted initial designs for the new components required for the pumped storage system.
• Design calculations were done which included increasing the size of reservoir, and establishment of
pump to convert into pump storage HPP
WEEK 14
• Design Finalization
• Documentation for the final RUM report.
• Presentation slides preparation.
• 3D Modelling
40/42
CONCLUSION
Comprehensive analysis for Rehabilitation, Upgradation and Maintenance was conducted in Pharping Hydropower
plant by conducting surveys and creating topographic, L-section, and cross-section maps. This makes the power
grid more stable and efficient
41/42
REFERENCES
[Link]
museum
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
ment_Before_and_After_1992/links/5b8ce7c7a6fdcc5f8b7a549f/Hydropower-Development-Before-a
[Link]?_sg%5B0%5D=started_experiment_milestone&origin=journalDetail&_rtd=e30%
3D
42/42