Manufacturing
Process
Process
• Intro
• Overview
• Body 1: Group steps together
• Body 2: …
Important structure
• NHỚ DÙNG CÁC CẤU TRÚC SAU ĐỂ TRÁNH VIẾT TOÀN CÂU ĐƠN.
• Before V-ing/ S+V, S+V.
• After…, S+V
• …, which is followed by…
• Once S+V, S+V ( một khi cái gì đó đã bị làm sao, cái gì đó sẽ tiếp tục).
• …, after which …
• …, after then …
• …, at which point …
• Advanced : in order to/ so that / to ensure that
• NHỚ DÙNG CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG!
Từ nối
• At the beginning of the process, S+V, after which …
• Next, …
• Then …
• Subsequently …
Body 2: The process continues with …
• Finally/ At the final stage of the process …
Manufacturing process
Intro: Paraphrase
The diagram shows how fruit is canned.
The picture (diagram) describes (shows) the process of + V-ing
= how to + V…/ how S+V
Overview
Overall, the process comprises a number of steps, beginning with …
and ending with …
-> Overall, the process comprises a number of steps, beginning with
the hand picking of fruit and ending with the final products being
transported to supermarkets or customers.
Body 1: hand picking -> coring/slicing
At the beginning of the process, fruits are picked by hand, after which
they are transported by trucks to a factory where they are washed.
Subsequently, the fruits are checked to ensure that they are qualified
for production. After the fruits are stored in low temperatures, they are
weighed carefully and divided into different groups according to their
quality. Once they have been categorized, the fruits are peeled, cored
and sliced into smaller chunks.
Body 2: Canning -> Delivery
The process continues with the chopped fruits being packed/ put into
tin cans. The cans are then sealed tight with a lid before being cooked
and sterilized under high heat in order to eliminate unwanted bacteria
so that the food inside can be kept edible for a longer period. A label is
then attached to each can, which is followed by the cans being put in
storage. Finally, the finished products are shipped to retailers and
wholesalers for sale.
Intro + Overview
• The picture shows how
carbonated beverages are
produced.
• Overall, the process comprises a
number of stages, starting with
cleaning raw water, through
different mixing stages, and
ending with the finished
products being distributed to
supermarket.
Body 1
• At the beginning of the process, raw
water stored in large warehouses is
pumped into a room to be filtered,
after which water softener and some
chemicals are added in order to purify
the water. Subsequently, it is pumped
into a large chamber to be heated by
means of electric heaters. Once the
water vaporizes, the steam has to go
through a long pipe in order for it to
condense before entering a large tank
where an influx of carbon dioxide
constantly flows into the tank under
high pressure from another pipe to
make carbonated water.
Body 2
• The process continues with the
carbonated water being directed to a
mixing tank, at which point syrup and
substances creating colors and flavors
are added according to the desired
types of drinks. After this mixture is
filtered to ensure that it is safe for
consumption, it is pumped into plastic
bottles or aluminum cans. Finally, those
bottles and cans are then packed in
large cardboard boxes, which are then
shipped to supermarkets by trucks.
Natural Process
The diagram shows the life cycle of the salmon
Important structure
• NHỚ DÙNG CÁC CẤU TRÚC SAU ĐỂ TRÁNH VIẾT TOÀN CÂU ĐƠN.
• Before V-ing/ S+V, S+V.
• After…, S+V
• …, which is followed by…
• Once S+V, S+V ( một khi cái gì đó đã bị làm sao, cái gì đó sẽ tiếp tục).
• …, after which …
• …, after then …
• …, at which point …
• Advanced : in order to/ so that / to ensure that
• NHỚ DÙNG CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG!
The diagram shows the life cycle of a frog
Intro + Overview
• The diagram shows the reproduction process of frogs.
• Overall, there are various of stages in the life of a common frog, from
mature frogs mating to produce frog spawn, to the growth of the
immature form, known as tadpoles, to mature frogs developing some
time later.
The diagram shows the life cycle of a frog
Body 1
• At the beginning of the process the mating of two adult frogs take
place on the bank of a river or pond, after which frogspawn or eggs
are laid in the water by the female. This is followed by the frogspawn
developing into tiny tadpoles, at which point they gradually develop
their limbs, and organs and change their body shape while living in
the water.
Body 2
• The process continues with the tadpoles growing into young frogs,
which still display the tail section the tadpole. However, the tail is
shorter than that of a tadpole. These young frogs continue to inhabit
in the water before they develop into mature ones and are able to
live outside the water. It is important to note that they lose their tails
at this stage. Finally, the cycle begins again when two fully – grown
frogs, which are capable of reproducing, mate.