PRAYER

GROUP 3
REPORTER
S
Jose De Great
Casabon
Rose Ann
Gonzales
Juren Gonzales
Dexter Estorque
Melody Nielo BSCS 2C
SUCESOS DE LAS ISLAS
FILIPINAS AND LA
INDOLENCIA
 Rizal's Second Voyage
• In a letter to Blumentritt, he expressed his intention to
go back to Europe saying, "...I will return to Europe
soon and so I have to earn money.
• Everybody wants me to leave the Philippines, but I no
longer want to spendfamily funds. The friars do not
want even to hear about me; the government employees
want to see me as far away as possible; and the Filipinos
fear forme and for themselves; consequently I will
return to Europe!".. ("Jose Rizal:Correspondence with
Blumentritt," 2011)
• Compelled to leave Calamba because his further stay
endangered his family and friends, he decided to return
to foreign lands and heed to the advice of Governor-
General Terrero to leave the island for his own welfare.
• Before leaving Calamba, he composed a poem entitled,
Himno al Trabajo (Hymn to Labor) with the request of
his friends n Lipa in commemoration of the town's
elevation of Lipa, Batangas into the status of villa
under the Becerra Law of 1888 (Palma, 1949).
 Transatlantic Route

• After a short stay in Calamba and

hounded by powerful enemies,
Rizalwas forced to leave his hometown.
• His plan was to return to Europe via
Hong
Kong, Macao, Japan, and America.
 Hong Kong
Hong Kong
• In Hong Kong, Rizal was welcomed by some Filipino
In Hong Kong, Rizal was welcomed by some Filipino
residents, includingJose
residents, including Ma. Basa, Balbino Mauricio, and
otherJose
Filipino
Ma. Basa, exiles involved
Balbino Mauricio,in
andthe Cavite
other FilipinoMutiny.
exiles
involved in the
• He wrote to Blumentritt over his frustrations with the
Cavite Mutiny. He wrote to Blumentritt over his frustrations
treatment
with thehe received
treatment in the inPhilippines
he received the Philippineson
onthe nighthehe
the night
arrived in Hong
arrived in HongKong, saying:
Kong, saying:
"At last I can write freely. At last I can express my thoughts
without fear of
"At lastcensorship
I can write from freely.
the chief!At lastforced
They I can
meexpress my
to leave my thoughts
country.
withoutHalf
fearsickofI censorship
left from the chief! They forced me to
the house."
leave my country. Half sick I left
the house."
• Rizal's stay in HongKong made him
experience the followingevents:

• (1) the celebration of Chinese New Year

which include making noise and exploding
firecrackers, as it was believed to drive
away bad luck;

• (2) Chinese theatersused symbolisms

• (3) Hong Kong cemeteries were divided
among individuals'
beliefs, there is a cemetery for Muslims,
Protestants, and Catholics; and

• (4) theDominican Order was the richest order

in Hong Kong and actively engaged in
business ("Jose Rizal's Reminiscences and
Travels," 2011).
 Macao
• Jose Ma. Basa and Rizal boarded the steamer bound
for Macao, Kiu-Kiang,“...a white boat, beautiful and
clean, for river navigation..." In Macao they stayed
at the house of Don Juan Francisco Lecaros, wealthy
Filipino married to a Portuguese woman, cultivates
plants and flowers among which are many from the
Philippines.
His visit enabled him to tour Macao's theaters, casinos,
cathedrals, pagodas, churches, botanical gardens, and
other amusements to Rizal's observant character.
 In his diary he said,: "...the city of Macao is small, low
and gloomy.
There are many junks (Chinese sailing ships), sampans
(Chinese wooden boat),but few steamers. It looks sad
and is almost dead." ("Jose Rizal's Reminiscences
and Travels", 2011)
 Japan
"I like Japan..most beautiful scenery, flowers, the trees, the
peaceful
inhabitants, so courteous, so willing to please. O.S.S. (O-Sei-
San) Sayonara,
sayonara! I spent a beautiful golden month.
 I don't know if I shall have another one like it in my life. Love,
money, friendship, esteem, distinctions, I did not lack... "("Jose
Rizal's Reminiscences and Travels", 2011). After six days of
sailing from Hong Kong, Rizal arrived in Yokohama, on board of
the American steamer Oceanic on February 28, 1888.

Rizal stayed at the Spanish Legation because of Juan
Perez Caballero's invitation which he accepted for
practical reasons, although he was suspicious of the
invitation which later the two became good friends
and his stay to the Spanish Legation proved that he
was not involved in any Anti-Spanish campaigns
("Jose Rizal: Correspondence
with Blumentritt., vol. 1.", 2011).
In Japan, he was able to observe beautiful scenery, polite
and industrious people and its charming Japanese women,
wearing their native in and other traits peculiar to Rizal
and to the rest of the world.
Rizal write nus observations of Japan to Blummentritt
saving that, "the Japanese are a people without God. I do
not know if this is iustified. It would be interest to study
this point.
. There are verv few thieves among the Japanese. It is saia
that houses are lett open; their walls are made of paper, and in
hotels one live money on the table without fear of losing it. The
Japanese are very merry and very courteous; in the streets
fighting is not seen.
Their houses are clean ,Rarely beggars are seen. They are
industrious..." ("Jose Rizal: Correspondence with Blumentritt.,
vol. 1.", 2011). As a linguist, he decided to study Nippongo
(Japanese language) and after he was able to communicate his
thoughts to to Seiko Usui (O-Sei-san) and Suehiro Tetchô
(Japanese friends particularly)
 MEETING SEIKO USUI (0-SEI-
SAN) AND TETCHÖ SUEHIRO

 Seiko Usui
Rizal wrote about his attachment
with a Japanese woman, O-Sei-San
whom in his diary entry he said: "...I
am going to dedicate the last chapter
O these reminiscences of my early
youth. No woman better than you
have loved me, no' woman have
sacrificed herself
 . As the flower of chodji falls on the
stem fresh and perfect without either
being stripped of its petals like or
withered, tender and poetic even after
its fall, thus you fell." ("Jose Rizal's
Reminiscences and Travels", 2011).
 Suehiro Tetchô
In an article written by Caroline Hau and Takashi Shiraishi
(2009), it provides through background of Rizal and Tetcho's
meeting on April 13, 1888, where they boarded the English
steamer Belgic.
Suehiro Tetchô had been imprisoned for writing articles
against the Japanese government and a celebrated writer
where he published, Plum Blossoms, (1886) and Nightingale
among Flowers, (1887) the proceeds of which financed his
travel. He died from tongue cancer in February 1896 .
 During the long trip to the United States, Rizal
met and befriended a Japanese writer and political
activist in the Freedom and People's Right
Movement Suehiro Tetchô. Both enthusiastically
exchanged ideas while they were traveling from
Yokohama, San Francisco, and New York until
they parted ways in London.
America
America IS a land par excellence of freedom but only for the whites
-Jose Rizal's letter to Jose Alejandrino
On April 28, 1888, the steamer ship where Rizal was on board arrived in San
Francisco, California, but the arrival was marred with racial prejudice. The ship was
held under quarantine by the American health authorities because It was suspected
of carrying an epidemic. On April 29, 1888, Rizal wrote a letter to his parents
saying "Here we are in sight of America since yesterday Without being able to
disembark, placed in quarantine on account of the 642 Chinese that we have on
board coming from Hong Kong where they say smallpox prevails.." ("Jose Rizal's
Reminiscences and Travels", 2011).
  London
In May 1888, Rizal arrived
in London. His stay in London
enabled him to improve his
English language competency,
studied a rare copy of Morga's
Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas,
Figure 8. Map showing the wrote articles for the La
travel path of Rizal from Japan Solidaridad,
 On the Indolence of the Filipinos,
(trans-Pacific) to America, and
in defense of his petople against
later on to London, England
Spanish critics and wrote essays
(trans-Atlantic)
and poems in different topics.
 Sobre La Indolencia de los Filipinos
(On the Indolence of the Filipinos)
In the work of Hernandez Jose [Link], (1959), they
summarized the salient
points of Sobre La Indolencia de los Filipinos
(The ndolence of the Filipinos).
It is a reply to the criticism of the Spaniards that
the Filipinos are indolent, indifferent, and
apathetic. It can be read as follows:
Rizal said that the so called indolence of the Filipinos had been caused by the merciless heat of
the tropic. But if the Filipinos were indolent the Europeans in the Philippines were more so
because they did not work as hard as the Filipinos, they had all the comforts and facilities for
work, and they did not keep long hours of labor.

Whereas, Rizal pointed out, the Filipino employee works hard from early morning till
late in the afternoon, the Spanish employer fans himself, smokes a cigar, issues a few orders and
complains that it is too hot to work.

Rizal further attributed the indolence of the Filipinos to five causes: 1. the
families. Hence, their lives were most unstable and uncertain. 2. the pirates harassed the towns
and districts and carried away whatever they could, thus making the lives of the people
miserable. 3. Forced labor which was difficult was not well paid for. Therefore, the Pilipino was
encouraged to follow the line of least resistance. 4. Taxes were so heavy and so arbitrary
especially in their increase that the laborers found out it was useless to work harder, for, after all,
they wound up poor and wretched, anyway. 5. The
general moral depression which, naturally countless wars and campaigns making it necessary
for the male inhabitants to leave their homes and, destroyed all incentive to endeavour and
profitable labor. Furthermore, Rizal said that the indolence of the Filipino was not hereditary but
acquired. The Filipinos became indolent only when the Spaniards set foot on Philippine soil.
 The essay of Rizal presents a compelling argument.
However, one must note that Rizal's Sobre la Indolencia
was influenced by the work of Dr Sanciangco s, El
Progreso de las Filipinas. Sanciangco considered the issue
about Filipino being indolent as overused and demands no
reply.
 Nevertheless, The discussion about the indolence becomes
a concern, continues to be a discussion and being used
against Filipinos, that is why Rizal wrote the essay saying
that it needs to be studied thoroughly, "with neither disdain
nor susceptibility,
with neither prejudice nor pessimism" ("Jose Rizal:
Political and Historical Writings", 2011).
Annotation of Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas

In the final prologue of Rizal's annotation of

Sucesos, Blumentritt expressed his delight with the
book saying that, "...I reiterate my expression of
gratitude for the precious gift with which you have
favored your mother country, and the whole civilized
world..."
Rizal wrote a letter to Blumentritt from
London on 18 August 1888 over his plan and
Dr. Regidor's offer saying, "...I am very busy
with Morga. I am planning to copy the entire
work and present a new edition to the public,
especially the Filipino public.
 Dr. Morga Regidor wishes to be my
financier... But as the annotation is finished Dr.
Morga discontinued his promise to finance the
publication (Ocampo, 1998).
 The work of Morga consist of eight chapters:
The first discoveries of the Eastern Islands;
the government of Dr. Francisco de Sande; the
government of Don Gonzalo; the government
of Dr. Santiago de Vera; the government of
Gomes Peres Dasmarinas; the government of
Don Francisco Tello; the government of Don
Pedro de Acuńa; and an account of the
Philippine Islands (Ocampo, 1998).
 Determined to answer the question, who are the
Filipinos? Rizal embarke into a "monumental
more enduring than bronze project in annotating
the rare book of Antonio Morga's Sucesos de las
Islas Filipinas published in 1609 whom some
historians and intellectuals consider the work as
"the best chronicle of the conquest of the
Philippines." (Jose Rizal's Annotation of Morga's
Historical Events of the Philippine Islands",
1990).
 The work of Rizal cast a new
framework of understanding the history
of the Philippines from the standpoint of
a Filipino which started in London and
continued in Bibliotheque Nationale
(Paris) published in 1889, Mariano
Ponce and a certain Baldomero Koxas
from Lipa, Batangas received a copy.
 However, sad to note that the annotation as it reached
Manila was confiscated and destroyed thus having the
same fate with Morga it also became a rare and out of
print within a year of its publication (Ocampo, 1998).
He dedicated the book to the Filipino people so that they
will be aware of its glorious past. The book also argued
that the Filipinos were already civilized before the coming
of Spain, refuting Spanish historical writers who claimed
that the early Filipinos were savages and not fit to govern
a community.
 An exiled Filipino on the account of 1872
mutiny, Dr. Antonio Ma. Regidor
invited Rizal to be his guest at his house where
he stayed for a few days, after he transferred to a
boarding place at No. 37 Chalcot Crescent,
Primersose Hill, owned by the Beckett family.
The location was convenient for it was near the
public parks and was within easy walking
distance to the British Museum.
Rizal came to know Dr. Reinhold Rost, the
librarian of Ministry of Foreign Affairs in
England and an authority on Malayan
language and customs.
 On weekends, he visited the house of Dr.
Rost, and they discussed linguistics and
other topics about London and the
Philippines.
Along their conversation, Dr. Rost found
Rizal to be an interesting person, a man with
a strong character, education and even
considered Rizal as a "pearl of a man" (una
perla de hombre).
Besides Rizal's reading and analysis of Dr.
Morga's book, he also wrote some articles in
London (Hernandez, 1959). They are the
following are:
1. La Vision del Fray Rodriguez
(published in Barcelona, under the pen
name Dimasalang), the pamphlet served
as his answer to Fray Rodriguez’s attack
on his Noli Me Tangere, which
demonstrated his profound knowledge of
religion in satire manner.
2. Letter to the Young Women of Malolos, written as requested
by Marcelo
H. del Pilar in honor to the brave young ladies of Malolos, who
were able to establish a school in spite of opposition.

The letter highlighted important points such that; Filipino

mothers should teach their children love of country and
fellowmen; Filipino women should know how to protect their
dignity and honor; filipino women should educate themselves;
and faith is not merely wearing religious pictures, but rather it is
living the real Christian way with good moral and conduct.
3. Specimens of Tagal Folkflore, deals
with Filipino proverbs and puzzles
(published in the "Asian Studies
Journal", Trubner's Record in May 1889)
and Two Eastern Fables which was a
comparative study of Philippines and
Japanese folklore.
Rizal received various news from his family and
friends in the Philippines such as;
(1) persecution of the Filipino patriots who signed
the "Antd-r Petition of 1888" by about 800 patriots,
it was written by Marcelo H. del Pilar who
requested the expulsion of friars:
 (2) persecution of the Calamba tenants for their
courage to petition the government for agrarian
reforms;
(3) Manue T. Hidalgo, Rizaľ's brother-in-law, was
exiled to Bohol without due process or law;
 (4) Laureano Viado, Rizal's friend was arrested
and jailed for possessing a copy ot Noli Me
Tangere; and
(5) the defense of Rev. Vicente Garcia of the
Noli against the attacks (Quirino, The Great
Malayan: The Biography of Rizal, 1940).
 Paris
In March of 1889, Jose Rizal decided to move to Paris,
caught in preparation of the Universal Exposition (100th
anniversary of the storming of the Bastille) where thòusands of
people are flocking around Paris to witness the event. Due to
difficulty in finding a hotel accommodation, Rizal temporarily
stayed in the house of his Filipino friend Valentin Ventura and
later looked for a cheaper boarding house. Rizal noticed that
some French landlords were taking advantage of the demand
which led
him to frequent transfer from one hotel to another, from one boarding
house to another. Until, he settled in a small
room, together with two Filipinos-Justo Trinidad and Jose Albert
(Quirino, The Great Malayan: The Biography of Rizal, 1940).

Aside from publishing a book, he also founded societies of

Filipino who were in Paris at the time, (1) Kidlat Club intended to
bring together the young Filipinos in Paris for the duration of
Universal Exposition; and (2) Indios Bravos, the society aimed to
excel intellectually and physical capability to win foreign respects,
particularly Spain (lose Rizal: Correspondence with Blumentrit.,
vol.1., 2011).
Aside from the busy life in Paris, Rizal would often
visit his friends' houses such as, Juan Luna and his
wife Paz Pardo de Tavera, the Ventura's, the Tavera's
-Dr. Trinidad and Dr. Felix - and the Bousteads, who
had two lovely daughters, Nellie and Adelina whom
some historians speculated that both had been
romantically linked to Rizal, which the latter was the
cause of Antonio Luna and Rizal's confrontation.
Aside from the various activities in Paris, Rizal
enjoyed the responsibilities of the Luna's,
Tavera's and Bousteadss. Historians speculate
that Rizal was romantically linked with Nellie
and Adelina Boustead, which also said the reason
for Antonio Luna and Rizal's confrontation.
Thank You for Listening..