JOB DESIGN
JOB DEFINITION
• A job is a pattern of duties, responsibilities, activities,
and tasks performed against a pay.
JOB DESIGN DEFINITION
• Job design is a core function of human resource
management and is related to the specification of
contents, methods, and relationship of jobs in order to
satisfy organizational requirements and personal needs
of the jobholder.
APPROACHES TO JOB DESIGN
Mechanis
Organic
tic
Efficient Job Satisfactory Job
APPROACHES TO JOB DESIGN
1. Mechanistic Approach
• Increase in productivity of labor:
1. Increased specialization and division of labor
2. Separation of conception and execution
• $5 day wage
• Limitations:
1. The 1st criticism related to the issue of production flexibility. Workers trained to perform one
specialized task were unable to move around between tasks as the work flow necessitated.
2. The 2nd criticism related to all production planning and improvements to production processes
became the responsibility of management, with there being no scope for the input from the shop-
floor.
3. The 3rd problem was that jobs became simple, boring and repetitive, and workers became dehumanized .
This was reflected in high levels of absenteeism and labor turnover.
APPROACHES TO JOB DESIGN
2. Organic Approach
• Job satisfaction VS Satisfactory job
• Job Satisfaction – Job Description Index (JDI)
• Pay
• Supervisor
• Colleagues
• Promotion
• Job itself
APPROACHES TO JOB DESIGN
2. ORGANIC APPROACH
Job Characteristics Model Methods of Having a
• Job Significance Satisfactory Job
• Task Identity • Job Rotation
• Skills Variety • Job Enlargement
• Autonomy • Job Enrichment
• Feedback • Autonomous Work
Groups
• Job Sharing
• Flex Schedules
• Telecommuting