Fundamentals of Textiles-V
TEXT-318
Module-I
Preparatory Process of Dyeing
CONTENT
• Objective and brief description of preparatory
processes of dyeing
• Singeing
• Scouring
• Desizing
• Bleaching
• Mercerization
Mercerization
• Mercerizing is the process of treatment of cellulosic
material with cold or hot caustic conditions under
specific conditions to improve its appearance and
physical as well as chemical properties.
• In simple terms it is the process to treat (cotton
yarns or fabric) with caustic alkali under tension, in
order to increase strength, lustre, and affinity for
dye.
• Mercerized cotton is sometimes referred to in the
crafts as pearl cotton.
Objectives
• To improve luster of cotton material
• To improve strength and mechanical
properties
• To improve dye ability and moisture
absorbency
• To improve dimensional stability of material
Steps of Mercerization
• Impregnation of the material in in relaxed
state , cold caustic solution of required
strength and wettability.
• Stretching while the material is still
impregnated in the caustic solution.
• Washing off the caustic soda from the
material while keeping the material still in
the stretch state.
Change in cross section
1. Cross section of cotton before mercerization
2-5 swelling process in 18% NaOH
6 Rinsing process after swelling
6
7 Final state
Change in cross section
Why Cotton Fiber only?
Stage of Mercerization
Mercerization
Yarn Stage Fabric Stage
Woven/Knitted
Hank Form Package Form Beam Form Fabric
Procedure of Mercerization
Fabric after bleaching and Scouring
Squeezing or padding in alkaline liquor (NaOH- 23%)
Washing at 85◦ C
Neutralization in acid solution with Acetic acid (CH3COOH – 5%)
Washing at 85◦ C
Drying
• [Link]
mercerization-63093345
• [Link]
rcerization-82662757