LEADERSHIP

CHALLENGES
FOR THE
YOUTH OF
 In every organization, a
leader is an essential person.
He is the one that leads co-
student to attain the goals that
they have set. An essential part
of directing the people to work
is leadership.
 Several authors give different
definition of leadership. According to
Fedler (1967) one may use the term
leadership to:
1. distinguish people in an
organization or group;
2. an ability;
3. a relationship.
 In the first sense, leadership refers
to those who provide direction and
guidance.
In the second sense, the leadership
has been defined, among others as
“the art of inducing subordinates to
accomplish their assignment with
zeal and confidence. (Koontz & O
 In the third sense, it has been
defined as “the relationship in
which one person (the leader)
influences others to work
together willingly on related tasks
to attain goals desired by the
leader and or, group".(Terry &
 Further it is a planned process,
which result in the following:
1. Challenging people to work
collaboratively toward an ever
expanding, vision of excellence in the
achievement of organizational and
personal / professional goals and
objectives.
 2. Creating a treat-free
environment for growth, so
that the creative talents and
skills are used to the best
knowledge.
 3. Encouraging and building working
relationships that are individually and
organizationally satisfying, unifying and
strengthening in the realization of mutually
determined goals and objectives. Such
relationship results in effective group
problem solving.
4. Optimizing available material and human
resources.
 DEFINITION OF LEADERSHIP
Leadership is the process of
influencing individuals or groups to
achieve goals. It can be correlated to
the following: authority, direction,
motivator, reinforce, persuasion,
cheerleader, coach, nurturer and
 FUNCTION OF LEADERSHIP
Villamargo as cited by Coloma & Herrera (2004)
give the function of leadership. Such as:
1. Providing Vision
As a leader, it is expected of you to develop a
vision for the organization through participatory
management. It is also better for you to involve
your team mates, because several heads are
better than one.
[Link] Goals
To make your vision a reality, it is very
essential that you and your co-workers set
goals or objectives. It is your task to see to
it that the objectives you have set are
achieved. Your team members will have a
good performance if you know how to
motivate them, Through this, you can
expect quality output.
[Link] Camaraderie and Smooth
Relationship
All organizations cannot avoid conflicts or
disagreements, because of the presence of
individual differences. It is the task of the
leader that this misunderstanding be
immediately resolved, so that it will not
become worst. Through the effort of the leader
in solving this conflict, we can expect a
harmonious relationship between them or
 THREE TYPES OF LEADERSHIP
1. Authoritative leadership through fear;
2. Persuasive or democratic type of
leadership - the one that practices the
philosophy of management; and
3. Free-rein type, wherein the leader just
allows his followers to dowhat they want,(also
called “Laissez-fair”)
 TRAITS, WHICH A LEADER
SHOULD POSSESS
1. Adaptability -adjustable to changing situations.
2. Considerateness -thoughtful and kind
3. Dedication -devotion, especially to duty 4.
Dignity -quality of being honorable or excellent
5. Faith -a belief without evidence; confidence or
dependence on a person
6. Experience -something undergone
7. Honesty -trustworthiness
8. Initiative -first move; does not wait to be
told, but does what is proper under the
circumstances
9. Integrity -uprightness of character
[Link] -decision reached
11. Justice -impartiality, righteousness
[Link] -gentleness of heart, humanness
[Link] -knowledgeable
[Link] -constancy and faithfulness
15. Strong -that which distinguishes and
characterizes a Personality person as having
strong characteristics that could easily
influence others
16. Persuasiveness -power to move others to
do something by inducement
17. Poise - dignity in bearing or carriage
18. Resourcefulness -capacity for finding or
adapting means in any situation
19. Tact -a quick or intuitive appreciation
of what is fit, proper, or right, especially
to avoid offending or disturbing other
people.
[Link] -manifesting regard
for others
21. Unselfishness -not regarding self
more than others.
 KEY CONCEPTS IN YOUTH CIVIC ENGAGEMENT
AND LEADERSHIP
CIVIC ENGAGEMENT
The term civic engagement (CE) does not have a standard
definition; definitions of civic engagement vary over discipline,
organization, country context, and person to person. In
addition, the concepts associated with it are related to the
interests of the definer, and the disciplines he/she is grounded
in (Adler and Goggin 2005; Meinzen-Dick, Di Gregorio and
McCarthy, 2004); civic engagement exists in a space that
brings together diverse social science disciplines such as
sociology, political science and economics.
 Concepts related to CE include social change,
community involvement, political involvement and
community service (Adler and Goggin 2005). While
the concepts vary across organizations, the authors
of this report found it useful to highlight two main
aspects of the definition: political activities and
community service activities. Civic Engagement can
include volunteering in a community service project,
social learning, being involved in an organization
working to address a social issue, voting, and joining
with others to raise concerns (Mercy Corps 2012;
 A general definition that might encompass different
aspects of the concept is: “Civic engagement describes
how an active citizen participates in the life of a
community in order to improve conditions for others or to
help shape the community's future”(Adler and
Goggin,2005,238). For example, civic engagement could
be a single individual advocating for youth-friendly
reproductive services at their local health clinic, or a
group of youth advocating to the Board of Education in
their region for comprehensive sexual education, or youth
councils who interact with adults in government, or
participate in trainings to act as peer mentors on the
 This wide range of ways to engage, and the
degree to which it is possible in various contexts,
shows that civic engagement can encompass
both traditional political engagement, such as
voting or participating in politics, and social or
community methods, such as volunteering.
Other definitions of civic engagement, such as
the ones quoted below from Adler and Goggin
(2005,238-9),were more specific to the program
being implemented by the definer:
 Civic engagement as community
service: an “individual’s duty to
embrace the responsibilities of
citizenship with the obligation to
actively participate, alone or in concert
with others, in volunteer service
activities that strengthen the local
community” (Diller, 21 qtd in Adler and
 Civic engagement as political
involvement: “civic engagement
differs from an individual ethic of
service in that it directs individual
efforts toward collective action in
solving problems through our
political process” (Diller, 7 qtd in
 Civic engagement as collective action:
“the means by which an individual,
through collective action, influences the
larger civil society” (Van Benshoten qtd in
Adler and Goggin 2005,239). All
definitions of civic engagement involve
some form of active participation going
beyond civic awareness, or the
understanding of civic duty (Winkler n.d.).
 Some of the main concepts of
civic engagement are defined
below:
Civic competencies: the
understanding of what it means
to be a citizen; awareness
 Citizenship: involves a universal “compact
of rights and obligations that bind citizens
and states” shaped by the local
circumstances and contexts. In development
contexts, states are often unable to deliver
on their end of the bargain and provide
certain services. Mediating organizations
can engage young people in roles and
activities that allow them to become active
 Service programs: programs that involve
citizens, usually youth, in order to support
national development (Israel 2011).
Social capital: the shared knowledge,
understandings, norms, rules, and
expectations that groups of individuals bring
to recurrent activities. These norms are
important for peoples livelihoods,
development programs and economic growth
(Meinzen-Dick and McCarthy 2004).
 Participation: the involvement of different
members of society. Participation can be either
direct or through intermediate institutions or
representatives (Mery Corps n.d.). Additionally,
participation may range from exercising full voting
rights and decision-making capabilities to playing
a consultative/advisory role (Camino and Zeldin
2002).
Collective action: joint action by a group of people
towards achieving a common goal (Meinzen Dick,
 THE CHRISTIAN LEADER
According to Mark Fillingham “Christian
leadership springs from discipleship, is
rooted in character, centered in service,
corporate in nature and must be empowered
and directed by the Holy Spirit. The qualities
of character of a Christian leader, as
indicated in I Timothy 3:1-15 and Titus 11:5-
[Link] Reproach (I Timothy 3:2)
Someone whose immaculate life
attracts people to Jesus. Just the
sort of person that was chosen by
the early church (Acts 6:3); people
who were of good reputation and
therefore trustworthy.
[Link] of One Wife (I Timothy 3:2)
This emphasis is not so much on
whether his relationship with the
opposite sex is above reproach.
Christian leadership is costly and no
Christian who aspires to leadership can
afford to heed worldly rather than
biblical attitudes to sex and sexual
[Link] (I Timothy 3:2)
This is less of a matter of moderation or lack
of self-indulgence but more of having clear
perspective. Walking in the light of God,
rather than the darkness of men, gives a
wholly different perspective on matters,
which to the world are of vital importance.
The Christian leader should be led and
influenced by those things on which God
[Link] (I Timothy 3:2)
Prudence is a key characteristic of
maturity and is related to good
judgment, which is at a premium in all
kinds of leadership. Prudence starts
with a clear appreciation of one's own
worth, balanced by a healthy
complete dependence on God.
[Link] (I Timothy 3:2)
Literally one whose behavior,
life-style, appearance and
attitudes command respect even
from those who do not share his
Christian commitment.
[Link] (I Timothy 3:2)
A practical sphere in which the love
of the leader is demonstrated
sacrificially. It should be recognized
that this is not limited to married
people; single Christians can
demonstrate practical loving care in
hospitality both toother singles and
[Link] to Teach (Timothy 3:2)
The overflow of 'traceableness. There is a
strong link between teaching and leading
(Timothy 5:17 &1 Thessalonians 5:12 where
individually applied and corrective teaching
is embraced in 'admonishing’). Christian
leaders must invest time and energy in
learning so that they can teach; learning is
as much a heart activity as a head activity!
[Link] addicted to wine (I Timothy 3:3)
This is not a command to total
abstinence but rather that nothing
should have the sort of hold on us that
alcohol has for drunkard; sports,
hobbies, or work even, can demand
and gradually achieve too high a place
in our time and attention.
[Link] Self-willed (Titus I:7)
To be self-willed is to be un
submissive. Self-will leads to
self-pleasing, vanity and pride.
[Link] Quick-tempered (Titus I:7)
“The fruit of the Spirit is... long-
Temperedness” -people and
situations that confront the Christian
leader will frequently impose
frustration. Only a Christ-like
response will achieve a Christ-like
[Link] pugnacious (Titus I:7)
This refers not only to physical violence
but also to verbal violence (gossip, bitter
criticism, etc.). We are blessed, according
to Jesus, when people maltreat us for his
sake, so we have no need to respond
aggressively. If we are tempted to be
pugnacious for any other reason, it is an
almost certain sign of sin in ourselves.
[Link] (I Timothy 3:3)
This is vital to corporate leadership.
Some who are successful leaders in
professions, where they always have
the final say, revert to being
quarrelsome when placed in a team.
No one has a monopoly of God's
knowledge and wisdom.
 13. Gentle (I Timothy 3:3)
“Blessed are the gentle for they
shall inherit the earth", say Jesus. A
leader is much more effective, even in
a secular context, when he treats his
subordinates gently rather than
harshly. Gentleness inspires affection,
commitment and willingness to be
 14. Free from the Love of Money (I
Timothy3:3)
“Where your treasure is, there will your
heart be also". When money, possessions,
promotion, public recognition and the like
tie us to our life on earth, we have
disqualified ourselves from leadership of
God's people. If anything tempts us to
say, “Come back Lord Jesus, but not just
 15. One who manages his own
household well (I Timothy 3:4)
Christian leadership, like
charity, begins at home. If one is
ineffective as a leader in the
context of home and family, how
can one expect to lead God's