2nd Semester TNOC

Ship Operations

LIFE SAVING
APPLIANCES
(LSA)

1
PST 2
 Types of life saving appliances
• Lifeboats, Liferafts, Rescue boats
• Launching appliances
• Marine evacuation systems
• Lifebuoys, Lifejackets, Immersion suits,
TPA
• EPIRB, SART, VHF, Line throwing
apparatus
• General Alarm, Public address systems
• Rockets, Hand flares, Smoke floats
• IMO symbols and safety signs
3
 EMERGENCY DRILLS

• LIFE SAVING APPLIANCES

• use and care of the same

• Instructions for on board maintenance of

LSA shall be provided and maintenance
shall be carried out accordingly.

4
 LIFE SAVING APPLIANCES : use and care

Spares and repair equipment

Spares and repair equipment shall be

provided for LSA and their components
which are subject to excessive wear
or consumption and need to be
replaced regularly.

5
 LIFE SAVING APPLIANCES : use and care

General

• A comprehensive list of all LSA & FFA

must be maintained on board so that
no equipment is overlooked.

• The maintenance must be part of the

ship’s Planned Maintenance system. An
Officer must be designated in-charge.

6
 LIFE SAVING APPLIANCES : use and care

General

• Additional tests must be carried out

during emergency drills.

• Training in the use of the equipment

forms an important part of the safety
plan.

7
 LIFE SAVING APPLIANCES : use and care

General

• Retro-reflective material must be

attached to all LSA

8
9
LIFEBOATS

PST 10
 LIFE SAVING APPLIANCES : use and care

Lifeboats and Rescue Boats

• At least one boat should be lowered

during each drill at intervals not
exceeding one month.

• The boats should be exercised in the

water at least once every three
months.

11
Davit launched Life raft

PST 12
ENCLOSED LIFEBOAT

PST 13
 LIFE SAVING APPLIANCES : use and care

Lifeboats and Rescue Boats

• The release mechanism should be

checked when the boat is disengaged.

• Improper maintenance of this element

has resulted in a number of fatalities
during boat drills.

14
Rescue Boat

15
Free fall
Lifeboats

PST 16
Free fall Lifeboat davit

PST 17
 Marine evacuation system

• The Marine Evacuation Chute (MEC)

System is the most efficient, easy-
to-use, flexible, and cost-effective
Marine Evacuation System available in
the world today, for mass evacuation.

18
Marine evacuation system

PST 19
Marine Evacuation Chute

PST 20
 Marine evacuation system

• As a gravity launch system, the

Marine Evacuation System evacuates
passengers and crew with the utmost
safety in the shortest possible time.

21
 LIFE SAVING APPLIANCES : use and care

Lifeboats and Rescue Boats

• The lifeboat structure and all boat

equipment should be checked
periodically.

• Expired and damaged equipment

should be stowed separately and
replaced without undue delay.

22
 Embarkation
Ladder

Ladder provided
at Lifeboat
and Liferafts
locations
PST 23
 Daily inspections

1 Visual check of all survival craft

2 General emergency alarm system to

be tested

24
 Weekly inspections

1 All survival craft and launching

appliances

2 Life boat engines to be run for at

least 3 mins.

3 General emergency alarm system

to be tested
25
 Monthly inspections

1 All life saving appliances

2 Includes all life boat equipment
3 Report of inspection to be logged.

26
 Monthly inspections

Lifeboats & Equipment

Rescue Boats & Equipment
Life rafts
Lifejackets
Immersion / Anti-Exposure Suits
EPIRBs, SARTs & GMDSS Radios
Pyrotechnics & Line Throwing Apparatus
Lifebuoys and Attachments
MOB Recovery Equipment
27
 M.O.B
recovery
equipment

28
 Annual inspections

1 Life rafts to be serviced at an

approved center

2 Hydrostatic release units shall be

serviced

29
Five yearly examinations
and tests

1 Dynamic test of winch brake of

davits of lifeboats

2 Proof test (1.1 times) of on-load

release gear of lifeboats

30
 Periodical servicing

1 Launching appliances

2 Life boat on-load release gear

Above to be carried out at

intervals recommended for on-board
maintenance.

31
 Lifeboat Falls

• The wire falls should be lubricated and

checked for broken wires.

• The falls should be turned end to end

at intervals not exceeding 30 months.

• The falls should be renewed at

intervals not exceeding 5 years

32
 Lifeboat Davits
• The track-ways should be clear of rust
and paint.

• The pivot points, sheaves and blocks

should be well lubricated.

• Brake and recovery motor to be

checked.

• The gripes should be checked for safe

condition. 33
 Life-rafts
• Life-rafts need to be serviced annually
by shore based authorized service
stations.

• Life-rafts lashings and hydrostatic release

system must be checked for validity..

• Lifeboats and Life-rafts lowering

instructions need to be posted in vicinity
and illuminated through emergency
source of power.
34
LIFE RAFT

35
LIFE RAFT

36
LIFE-RAFT STOWED

PST 37
Life Raft in stowed position

PST 38
Life-raft

39
 Life-Buoys
• The ship’s name and port of registry
must be painted on each lifebuoy.

• Inspect grab-lines for condition.

• Check attachments : heaving lines,

lights, smoke signals and quick release
system of lifebuoys situated on bridge
wings.

40
Lifebuoy

41
 Self igniting light
attached to lifebuoys

PST 42
Light attached to Lifebuoy

43
Self activating smoke float
attached to lifebuoys

44
 Acronyms
EPIRB
• Emergency Position Indicating Radio
Beacon

SART
• Search and Rescue Radar Transponder

VHF communication
• Very High Frequency two way radio
45
 Life-Jackets
• The location of the life-jackets must be
known to all persons on board
including the life-jackets stowed in
public places such as Bridge, Engine-
Room, forecastle, etc.

• Life-jackets must be inspected

periodically and damaged life-jackets
must be replaced..

• The validity of lifejacket lights must be

checked. 46
Life jacket

PST 47
 Anti-exposure Suit
• Immersion suits must be provided on
board for each person to protect
against hypothermia.

• The immersion suits used on board

must be checked to see if the same
are buoyant or they need to be used
along with a life-jacket..

• An immersion suit, along with a life-

jacket, is provided in each cabin on
board.
48
Immersion
suit

49
Anti – Exposure
suit

50
 Thermal protective aid
• These are bags or suits provided on
board for persons to protect against
hypothermia. Check for tears / damage

• The same are made of waterproof

material with low thermal conductance
and are useful for persons who are
freezing, for example when retrieved
from the sea.

51
 TPA

Thermal
Protective Aids

52
 Emergency Position Indicating
Radio Beacon

• These need to be serviced as per

Maker’s manual.

• Hydrostatic release system must be

valid.

• Care must be taken to prevent

accidental transmission.

53
EPIRB

PST 54
 Portable two way VHF radio sets

• At least three sets of approved type

with three spare batteries need to
be carried on board.

• These must be checked and used

during drills and during emergencies.

55
 VHF

Very High
Frequency
portable
tranceiver

PST 56
 SART Radio Beacon

• These need to be serviced as per Maker’s

manual.

• Hydrostatic release system must be valid.

• Care must be taken to prevent accidental

transmission.

57
 Search and
Rescue Radar
Transponder

58
 Public address system

• This system is mandatory on passenger

ships and also widely used on other
types of ships

• The spoken abandon ship signal is

generally relayed to all persons on board
through the public address system.

59
Public Address System

PST 60
 Line throwing apparatus
• This device is used to send across a
messenger line. The rocket is attached to a
messenger line. After the messenger line is
passed, a thicker line can be sent across.

• The rockets and cartridges must be valid.

Some models of this apparatus have self-
contained rocket, cartridge and line in a
single pack.

61
Line throwing
apparatus

62
14 Line throwing apparatus

PST 63
Line throwing apparatus

PST 64
 Distress rockets
• Twelve distress rockets need to be carried on
board. These must be checked for validity

• Location of the distress rockets must be

marked prominently on the bridge.

• Outdated rockets must be landed ashore and

disposed off safely.

65
 Distress Signal :
Rocket Parachute Signal

66
Distress Signal : Hand Flare

PST 67
Distress Signal

Smoke Float

68
Distress Signal : Smoke Float

PST 69
Orange smoke float

70
 General Emergency Alarm System

• This device is used to transmit the

general emergency alarm signal which
consists of at least seven short blasts
followed by one prolonged blast

• The general emergency alarm system

shall be tested weekly on board.

71
General Alarm system

PST 72
EMERGENCY DRILLS

END OF MODULE

73
IMO SYMBOLS &
SIGNS

74
PST 75
PST 76
PST 77
PST 78
STCW COURSES

END OF MODULE

PST 79
PST 80
 BON
VOYAGE PST 81