EK BHARAT
SHRESHTHA
BHARAT
GROUP PROJECT
ON ODISHA
TOPICS
Climate
Soil and crop type
Traditions
Heritage sites
Political status
Economic status
Tourist attraction of Odisha
CLIMATE
The climate of Odisha falls under the category of tropical monsoon type
of climate and in this, Odisha is not different from the rest of the
[Link] on the coastal belt, the weather in Odisha is greatly
influenced by the sea. The climate of the region is tropical resulting in
very high temperature in the months of April and May. On the contrary,
the Eastern Ghats of the state experience an extremely cold [Link]
climate in Odisha - There are three major seasons - Summer (March-
June), Rainy Season (July-September) and the Winter (October-February).
Odisha lies just South of the Tropic of Cancer, has a tropical climate. It is
warm almost throughout the year in the Western districts of Sundergarh,
Sambalpur, Baragarh, Bolangir, Kalahandi and Mayurbhanj with
maximum temperature hovering between 40-46°C and in winter, it is
intolerably cool. In the coastal districts, the climate is equable but highly
humid and sticky. The summer maximum temperature ranges between
35-40° C and the low temperatures are usually between 12-14°C. Winter
is not very severe except in some areas in Koraput and Phulbani where
the minimum temperature may drop to 3-4° C.
SOIL TYPES
RED AND YELLOW
LATERITE SOIL ALLUVIAL SOIL
SOIL
Predominantly found Found in the coastal Found in the river
in the upland regions. plains and hilly valleys, especially
Rich in iron but low in regions. High in iron along the Mahanadi
nitrogen, phosphorus, and aluminum but and Brahmani rivers.
Rich in nutrients and
and organic matter. poor in fertility.
very fertile. Suitable for
Suitable for growing Suitable for growing
growing rice,
crops like rice, rice, groundnut, and
sugarcane, and various
millets, and pulses. cashew nuts. vegetables.
01 02 03
CROP TYPES
RICE OILSEEDS PULSES
The staple crop of
Includes groundnut,
Odisha, grown
sesame, mustard, and Includes crops like
extensively in the
sunflower. Grown in green gram, black
coastal and delta
various parts of the gram, arhar and
regions. Various
state, particularly in [Link]
varieties are
black and laterite soils. grown in rainfed areas
cultivated, including
and uplands.
high-yielding.
01 02 03
TRADITIONS
Odisha, a state in eastern India, has a rich cultural heritage with
several traditions deeply rooted in its history. Some notable
traditions of Odisha include:
-Odissi Dance: A classical dance form that originated in Odisha,
known for its graceful movements, expressions, and intricate
footwork.
-Pattachitra: Traditional cloth-based scroll painting depicting
mythological stories, folk tales, and religious themes, often seen in
villages of Odisha.
-Raghurajpur Village: Known for its heritage crafts, especially
Pattachitra painting and Gotipua dance.
-Ratha Yatra: The world-famous festival where gigantic chariots
carrying Lord Jagannath, Balabhadra, and Subhadra are pulled by
devotees through the streets of Puri.
These traditions reflect the deep cultural, religious, and artistic
heritage of Odisha, contributing to its unique identity in India.
HERITAGE SITES
Odisha, a state in eastern India, is rich in cultural heritage and historical
significance. It is home to several heritage sites that reflect its ancient traditions,
architectural marvels, and spiritual legacy. Here are some notable heritage sites of
Odisha.
1. Konark Sun Temple- The Konark Sun Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is
one of the most famous and architecturally significant temples in India. Built in the
13th century by King Narasimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga dynasty, the temple is
designed in the shape of a gigantic chariot with intricately carved stone wheels,
pillars, and walls. It is dedicated to the Sun God, Surya.
2. Dhauli- Dhauli is a significant historical site where the Kalinga War took place in
the 3rd century BCE. It is believed to be the place where Emperor Ashoka
embraced Buddhism after witnessing the horrors of war. The site has an ancient
edict and a modern peace pagoda, or Shanti Stupa, built by the Japan Buddha
Sangha.
3. Mukteswara Temple- The Mukteswara Temple is a 10th-century temple
dedicated to Lord Shiva. It is renowned for its exquisite stone archway and
POLITICAL STATUS
The head of state of Odisha is the Governor, appointed by the President of India on
the advice of the Central government, and their post is largely ceremonial. The
Chief Minister is the head of government and is vested with most of the executive
powers. Bhubaneswar is the capital of Odisha, and houses the Vidhan Sabha and
the secretariat. The Orissa High Court, located in Cuttack, has jurisdiction over the
whole state. The present Legislative Assembly of Odisha is unicameral, consisting
of 147 Member of the Legislative Assembly (M.L.A). Its term is 5 years, unless
sooner dissolved. Politically, Odisha has been traditionally multi-party in its
electoral dynamics, with major political parties including the Biju Janata Dal (BJD),
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), and Indian National Congress (INC) having significant
presence and influence. The state's political landscape is shaped by issues such as
development, agriculture, infrastructure, and social welfare, reflecting the
aspirations and concerns of its diverse population.
ECONOMIC STATUS
Before the Covid-19 Pandemic struck in 2020 and had a detrimental effect on
trade, India's economy was the world's 14th-largest importer and 21st-largest
exporter. India has been a member of the World Trade Organization since
January 1, 1995. It ranks 63 on the Ease of Doing Business Index and 68 on the
Global Competitiveness Report. India's nominal GDP swings significantly, which
is also a result of the significant fluctuations in the rupee/dollar exchange rate.
India has the second-largest labour force in the world, with 50 crores (500
million) workers. India is one of the nations with the highest proportion of
billionaires and the widest wealth gaps. Due to several exceptions, just 2% of
Indians pay income taxes. Steps For Sustainable Growth | Indian priorities for
achieving sustainable economic growth, according to the World Bank, should be
infrastructure development, agricultural and rural development, the abolition of
land and labour regulations, financial inclusion, fostering private investment
and exports, education, and public health.
Population 1,428,627,663 (1st; 2024 est.)
GDP $4.038 trillion (nominal; 2024 est.) $14.594 trillion (PPP; 2024 est.)
GDP rank 5th (nominal; 2024) 3rd (PPP; 2024)
GDP growth 8.2% (FY2024) 7.2% (FY2023) 9.1% (FY2022)
Five places of tourist
attraction of Odisha
1. Cuttack- Cuttack , located in the eastern state of Odisha, India, is one of
the oldest cities in the region Cuttack served as the capital of Odisha before
it was shifted to Bhubaneswar. It has a rich history dating back to ancient
times and has been an important center for trade and [Link] city
is known for its vibrant cultural heritage, including its distinct Odissi dance
form, silver filigree work (known as Tarakasi), and [Link] city is a
hub for trade and commerce in Odisha, particularly known for its textile
industries, brass and metal works, and its traditional handicrafts.
2. Bhubaneswar- Bhubaneswar, the capital city of Odisha, is a vibrant hub
known for its rich cultural heritage, ancient temples, and modern
[Link] is renowned as the "Temple City of India" due to
its numerous ancient temples. Bhubaneswar is known for its exquisite
handicrafts, including Pattachitra paintings, applique work, and silver filigree.
Bhubaneswar seamlessly blends its ancient heritage with modern urban
amenities, making it a fascinating destination for history.
3. Chilika lake- Chilika Lake, located in the state of Odisha on the eastern
coast of India, is Asia's largest brackish water lagoon and a prominent
biodiversity hotspot. Chilika Lake is separated from the Bay of Bengal by a
narrow spit of sand known as the Sandspit. Chilika Lake is renowned for its
rich biodiversity, hosting a variety of flora and [Link] Lake offers a
unique blend of natural beauty, biodiversity, and cultural significance, making
it a must-visit destination for travelers interested in ecotourism and wildlife.
4. Jagannath Temple- The Jagannath Temple in Puri is one of the most
significant and revered temples in India, located in the coastal town of Puri,
Odisha. The temple is dedicated to Lord Jagannath, a form of Lord Vishnu,
along with his siblings Balabhadra (Balarama) and Subhadra. The history of
the Jagannath Temple dates back to ancient times, with mentions in various
Hindu scriptures and historical records. It has undergone several renovations
and expansions over the centuries.
5. Hirakud Dam: One of the longest dams in the world, built across the
Mahanadi River near Sambalpur, offering scenic views, boating facilities, and
a glimpse into India's engineering marvels. It is situated near the city of
Sambalpur in western [Link] dam is one of the longest dams in the
world, stretching across the river for about 25.8 kilometers.
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