Module-II
Society-Community- Association-
Institution.
Society
MEANING
THE TERM “SOCIETY” IS DERIVED FROM THE LATIN WORD “SOCIUS”, WHICH
MEANS COMPANIONSHIP OR FRIENDSHIP. COMPANIONSHIP MEANS SOCIABILITY.
THIS ELEMENT ACTUALLY DEFINES THE ESSENCE OF SOCIETY IN A TRUE SENSE.
DEFINITIONS:
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“A SOCIETY IS A COLLECTION OF INDIVIDUALS UNITED BY CERTAIN RELATIONS OR
MODE OF BEHAVIOUR WHICH MARK THEM OFF FROM OTHERS.
Society
GIDDINGS
SOCIETY IS THE UNION ITSELF THE ORGANISATION, THE SUM OF FORMAL
RELATIONS IN WHICH ASSOCIATING INDIVIDUALS ARE BOUND TOGETHER.
LAPIERE
THE TERM SOCIETY REFERS NOT A GROUP OF PEOPLE, BUT TO THE COMPLEX
PATTERN OF THE NORMS OF INTERACTION, THAT ARISE AMONG AND BETWEEN
THEM
MACIVER
SOCIETY IS “ A WEB OF SOCIAL RELATIONSHIP”
Features of Society
– SOCIETY CONSISTS OF PEOPLE
– MUTUAL INTERACTION AND MUTUAL AWARENESS
– SOCIETY DEPENDS ON LIKENESS
– SOCIETY RESTS ON DIFFERENCE TOO.
– CO-OPERATION AND DIVISION OF LABOUR
– SOCIETY IMPLIES INTERDEPENDENCE
– SOCIETY IS DYNAMIC
– SOCIAL CONTROL
– CULTURE
Community
DEFINITION:
BOGARDUS
COMMUNITY IS A SOCIAL GROUP WITH SOME DEGREE OF “WE-FEELING” AND
LIVING IN A GROUP OR GIVEN AREA.
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COMMUNITY IS THEE SMALLEST TERRITORIAL GROUP THAT CAN EMBRACE ALL
ASPECTS OF SOCIAL LIFE.
MACIVER
AN AREA OF SOCIAL LIVING MARKED BY SOME DEGREE OF SOCIAL COHERENCE.
OGBURN AND NIMKOFF
Community
We Feeling
Fixed
Geographical Collection of Inhabits a
Area Individuals locality
Stability
Community:
FEATURES
– LOCALITY
– COMMUNITY SENTIMENTS
– STABILITY
– NATURALNESS
– SIZE OF THE COMMUNITY
– REGULATION OF RELATIONS
ASSOCIATION
CO-OPERATIVE PURSUITS
DEFINITION
MACIVER
AN ORGANISATION DELIBERATELY FORMED FOR THE COLLECTIVE
PURSUITS OF SOME INTEREST OR SET OF INTERSETS WHICH ITS
MEMBERS SHARE
MORRIS GINSBERG
A GROUP OF SOCIAL BEINGS RELATED TO ONE ANOTHER BY THE
FACT THAT THEY POSSESS OR HAVE INSTITUTED IN COMMON AN
ORGANISATION WITH THE VIEW TO SECURING A SPECIFIC ENDS
ASSOCIATION: FEATURES
– ASSOCIATION-A HUMAN GROUP
– COMMON INTEREST OR INTERESTS
– CO-OPERATIVE SPIRIT
– ORGANSIATION
– REGULATION OF RELATIONS
– AS AGENCIES
– DURABILITY OF ASSOCIATION.
INSTITUTION
A PROCEDURE OR A SERVICE(ORGANISED WAYS OF DOING THINGS)
GINSBERG
MAY BE DESCRIBED AS RECGOGNISED AND ESTABLISHED USAGES GOVERNING
THE RELATIONS BETWEEN INDIVIUAL AND GROUPS.
MACIVER AND PAGE
ESTABLISHED FORMS OR CONDITIONS OF PROCEDURES CHARACTERSTICS OF
GROUP ACTIVITIES
H.E BARNES
THE SOCIAL STRUCTURE AND THE MACHINERY THROUGH WHICH HUMAN
SOCIETY ORGANISES,DIRECT AND EXECUTES THE MULTIFARIOUS ACTIVITIES
INSTITUTION
– SOCIAL IN NATURE
– UNIVERSISAL IN EXSISTENCE
– THESE ARE STANDARDISED NORMS
– MEANS OF SATISFYING NEEDS
– THESE ARE THE IMPORTANT CONTROLLING MECHANISIM
– RELATIVELY PARMANENT
– ABSTRACT IN NATURE
– ORAL AND WRITTEN
– INSTITUTIONS ARE INTERELATED
Thank You
– Resources
– [Link] Rao: An Introduction to Sociology