Carbon, Hydrogen, Nonmetal,
Oxygen Nonmetal,
Nonmetal
Potassium, Metal, Nonmetal
Chlorine
Carbon, Oxygen Nonmetal,
Nonmetal
Sodium, Chlorine Metal, Metal
COMPOUNDS
Chemical substances made up
of two or more elements that
are chemically bound together
in a fix ratio.
IONIC BOND
• Occurs between a metal and non-metal
atoms (element)
• The valence electrons are typically
represented as being transferred from the
metal atom to the nonmetal.
• Once the electrons have been transferred to
the non-metal, both the metal and the non-
metal are considered to be ions. The two
oppositely charged ions attract each other
to form an ionic compound.
4A 6A
1A 2A 3A 5A 7A 8A
Examples of ionic
compounds
1.CaI2 = Calcium iodide
Used in photography
2.Li2O = Lithium oxide Used as a flux in ceramic glazes
3. Li3As= Lithium arsenide Used as semiconductor
4. Na2O = Sodium oxide Used on ceramics and glasses
5.MgBr2 = Magnesium bromide Used as mild sedative
6. CaBr2 = Calcium bromide Used as medication, etc
7. Rb2S = Rubidium sulfide Used in water treatment
COVALENT BOND
• Involve two atoms, typically
nonmetals, that share electron
density to form strong bonding
interactions.
• Covalent bonds include single,
double, and triple bonds and are
composed of sigma and pi bonding
interactions where 2, 4, or 6
electrons are shared respectively.
Examples of covalent
compounds Used in eye protection
equipment
1. P3F5 = Triphosphorus pentafluoride
2. CCl4 = Carbon tetrachloride Used as dry cleaning agent
3. SeO = Selenium oxide Used as photographic toner
4. CO = Carbon monoxide
5. CF4 = Carbon tetrafluoride
6. CO2 = Carbon dioxide
7. H2O = Dihydrogen monoxide
IONIC COVALENT
ACTIVITY
COVALENT
_______________ 1. Atoms share electrons to become stable.
IONIC
_______________ 2. High melting and boiling points.
IONIC
_______________ 3. Conduct electricity when melted.
COVALENT 4. Usually occurs between non-metals.
_______________
COVALENT 5. Poor electrical conductors in all phases.
_______________
COVALENT 6. Many soluble in non-polar liquids but not in water.
_______________
IONIC
_______________ 7. Crystalline solids ( made of ions).
IONIC
_______________ 8. Metal atoms give electron while non-metal atoms get
electrons to become stable.
IONIC
_______________ 9. Usually occurs between metals and non-metals.
COVALENT
_______________ 10. Low melting and boiling points.
ACTIVITY
ACTIVITY
1. All solids at room temperature.
A. Covalent compounds
B. Ionic compounds
2. Some are solids, some are liquids and some are gases at room
temperature.
A. Covalent compounds
B. Ionic compounds
3. Compounds made from only nonmetals are _______________ compounds.
A. Covalent compounds
B. Ionic compounds
4. Low melting point and low solubility in water are general properties of
________________
compounds.
A. Covalent compounds
B. Ionic compounds
5. When dissolved in water, the solution is a good conductor of electricity.
A. Covalent compounds
B. Ionic compounds
ACTIVITY CC OR IC
IC CC IC CC IC
CC CC IC IC IC
covalent
ionic
covalent
ionic
covalent
ionic
covalent
ionic
covalent
covalent
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
covalent
ionic
covalent
ionic
ionic
ionic
ionic
covalent
covalent
ionic
ionic
ionic
covalent
covalent
covalent