Electromagnetics II
Tutorial 1
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Prerequisites
• Vector Algebra
• Coordinate Systems
• Vector Calculus
• Convection, Conduction and Displacement Currents
• Classification and Types of Materials
• Polarization in Dielectrics
• Coulomb’s Law
• Lorentz’s Force Law
• Gauss Law
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Prerequisites
• Poisson’s and Laplace’s Equations
• Resistance, Capacitance, and Inductance
• Biot-Savart’s Law
• Ampere’s Circuit Law
• Force due to a magnetic field
• Magnetic Dipole
• Boundary Conditions (Electrical and Magnetic fields)
• Faraday’s Law
• Maxwell Equations
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Vector Algebra
• Dot Product:
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Vector Algebra
• Cross Product:
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• Example 1:
Find the angle between the face diagonals of a
cube.
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Coordinate Systems
• Cartesian Coordinates (x, y, z)
• Cylindrical Coordinates (, , z)
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Coordinate Systems
• Cylindrical Coordinates (, , z)
• Spherical Coordinates (r, , )
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Coordinate Systems
• Spherical Coordinates (r, , )
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• Example 2:
• Express the vector in cartesian coordiantes
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Vector Calculus
• Del Operator:
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Vector Calculus
• Divergence of a vector:
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Vector Calculus
• Curl of a vector:
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Divergence and Stokes’ Theorems
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• Example 3:
Check the divergence theorem using the function and the unit cube
situated at the origin
To evaluate the surface integral we must consider the six sides of the
cube
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𝐯 = 𝑦 2 𝑎𝑥 + ( 2 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑧 2 ) 𝑎 𝑦 +(2 𝑦𝑧)𝑎𝑧
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Coulomb’s Law
Q
1 1 2 Q
F= 2
4 π εo R
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• Example 4:
• A particle of charge =+6 μC is located at the x-axis at coordinates
x=5.1 cm. A second particle of charge = -5 μC is placed at the x-axis
at x= -3.4 cm. What is the magnitude and the direction of the total
electromagnetic force acting on a third particle of charge =+2 μC
placed on the x-axis at x=0
• Since is positively charged; is a repulsive force, and
is an attractive force.
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Electric Field Properties
• Electric Field Intensity:
• Electric Field Density:
• Electric Potential:
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Gauss Law
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• Example 5:
• Find the field outside a uniformly charged solid
sphere of radius R and total charge q.
Draw a spherical surface of radius r>R;
this is called a Gaussian surface.
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Electric Boundary Conditions
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Poisson’s and Laplace’s Equations
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Biot-Savart’s Law
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Ampere’s Circuit Law
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Magnetic Field Properties
• Magnetic Flux Density :
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Magnetic Boundary Conditions
=
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Boundary Conditions
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Maxwell Equations for Static Fields
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Lorentz’s Force Law
𝑭=𝑄(𝑬+𝒖×𝑩) 32
Farady’s Law
𝑑𝜓
𝑉 𝑒𝑚𝑓 =−𝑁
𝑑𝑡 33
Maxwell Equations
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𝜕𝑫
𝛻×𝑯= 𝑱+
𝜕𝑡
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Assignment
1. Given that , in free space, determine , , and .
2. Given that , at the charge-free dielectric
interface, find and the
angles and.
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Contact Information
• E-mail: [Link]@[Link]
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