DEPARTMENT OF CSE
COURSE TITLE:
INTRODUCTION TO BLOCKCHAIN &
CRYPTO CURRENCIES
COURSE CODE:
23CS3045RB
AIM OF THE
SESSION
To familiarize students with the basic concepts of Cryptography
INSTRUCTIONAL
OBJECTIVES
This Session is designed to:
Demonstrate Principles of Symmetric and Asymmetric Cryptography
LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of this session, you should be able to:
1. Define Cryptography
2. Symmetric Key Cryptography
3. Asymmetric Key Cryptography
4. Other Classical cryptographic cipher
Index
Structure of cryptosystem
Symmetric key cryptography
Asymmetric key cryptography
Types of attacks
THE LANGUAGE OF
CRYPTOGRAPHY
SYMMETRIC KEY VS. ASYMMETRIC KEY
Symmetric/Secret key cryptography
• Requires sender/receiver know shared secret key
• Major issue: how to agree on key in first place (particularly if never “met”)?
Asymmetric/Public key cryptography
Sender/receiver do not share the same secret key
Public key is known to all and private key is known only to holder
Use one for encryption, and the other for decryption
SECRET KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY
Plain-text input Cipher-text
Plain-text output
“The quick brown fox “AxCv;5bmEseTfid3)fGsmWe “The quick brown
jumps over the lazy #4^,sdgfMwir3:dkJeTsY8R\ fox jumps over the
dog” s@!q3%” lazy dog”
Encryption Decryption
Same key
(shared secret)
PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY
PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY
Clear-text Input Cipher-text Clear-text Output
“The quick brown “Py75c%bn&*)9| “The quick brown fox
fox jumps over the fDe^bDFaq#xzjFr@g5=&n jumps over the lazy
lazy dog” mdFg$5knvMd’rkvegMs” dog”
Encryption Decryption
Different keys
private
public
Recipient’s public key Recipient’s private key
NETWORK SECURITY MODELS I
Information security issues in data transmission
and/or by networking means.
Network Security Models II
Information security issues in data transmission
and/or by networking means.
INFORMATION SECURITY Authenticity/Identity
Information security issues
in data transmission and/or Confidentiality
Computer
by networking means.
Security Integrity
Network
Availability
Accountability
Protection/Prevention
Safety
Redundancy/Recovery
Network Security Models II
PASSIVE ATTACK – INTERCEPTION
(a) Release of message contents
PASSIVE ATTACK – INTERCEPTION
(b) Traffic analysis
SUMMARY OF PASSIVE ATTACKS
ACTIVE ATTACK – MASQUERADE
(a) Masquerade
ACTIVE ATTACK – REPLAY
(b) Replay
ACTIVE ATTACK – MODIFICATION
(c) Modification of messages
ACTIVE ATTACK – DOS
(d) Denial of service
Summary of Active Attacks
SECURITY SCOPE I
• Confidentiality
• Against interception and traffic analysis
attack
• Encryption
• Integrity
• Against modification attack
• Digital signature
• Availability
• Against DoS attack
• Ensure existence and be reachable
“CIA”: Confidentiality, Integrity,
Availability
SECURITY SCOPE II
• Authenticity (Identity)
• Against masquerade and replay attack
• Identity management; policy enforcement
• Accountability
• Prevent sender or receiver from denying a transmitted message
• Ensure accountability (be non-deniable)
“CIA”: Confidentiality, Integrity,
Availability
STANDARDS
• Internet Society (ISoc)
• Internet Architecture Board (IAB)
• Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
• Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG)
• Internet Research Task Force (IRTF)
• National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
• Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS)
• Special Publications (SP)
HOME STUDY
TB-1 Chapter 1, Page no. 20 - 21
Chapter 9.1 and Chapter 9.2 Page No. 283 – 308
Chapter 10.1, 10.3, 10.4 Page No. 313 – 334
Chapter 1.3, Page no. 27 – 33
• [Link]
MP4/mod01lec01.mp4
• [Link]
MP4/mod01lec02.mp4
HOME ASSIGNMENTS
• What is Symmetric key cryptography? Describe with diagram.
• What is Asymmetric key cryptography? Describe with diagram.
• Describes types of Attacks. Give at-least two examples of each attacks
with diagrams.
Thanks