CHAPTER FIVE
5. IMPACT MITIGATION AND MANAGEMENT PLAN
5.1. Impact Mitigation Measures
5.2. Environmental and Social Impact Management Plan
5.1. Impact Mitigation Measures
Mitigation and enhancement measures
Mitigation is defined as measure envisaged
avoiding, reducing, and if possible remedying
significant adverse effects.
• Mitigation seeks to:
find better ways of doing things
minimize or eliminate negative impacts
enhance benefits, and
protect public and individual rights to compensation
Thus, based on the mitigation measures impacts may
be, avoid, reduced, minimized, compensate, and rectify.
5.1. Impact Mitigation Measures CONT…..
Thus, based on the mitigation measures impacts may
be, avoid, reduced, minimized, compensate, and rectify.
Mitigation compensation and enhancement
In the EIA process it will be necessary to consider
five potentially distinct kinds of counter-acting
measures for the effects of a project on the
environment as follows:
1. Avoidance measures:
2. Cancellation measures:
3. Reduction measures:
4. Remedial/Compensatory measures:
5. Enhancement/Net Benefit/New Benefit
Example of Mitigation
5.2. Environment and management plan
The effective implementation of EIA findings and
recommendations hinges largely on the production of a focused
EMP.
It should include at least the following information:
Description of mitigation measures.
Timing and duration of management measures.
Cost estimate of mitigating measures.
Capacity building requirement in terms of human and
material resources.
Stakeholders (parties) those are responsible for carrying out
implementing mitigation measures.
5.2. Environment and management plan
Environmental Management Plan: an action plan that addresses
how, when, who, where and what of the environmental mitigation
measure aimed at optimizing benefits and avoiding or mitigating
adverse potential impacts of proposed operation or activity.
• An Impact management plan should contain the following points:
state policy and standards,
indicate environmental effects, the issue and activity required
to address it,
define responsibilities, provide a schedule of tasks,
include a system of reporting,
include a system for monitoring and auditing,
indicateresources required for completion and where
relevant actual costs, including training and equipment
needs,