ORAL
COMMUNICATION
SECOND QUARTER
OVERVIEW
TYPES OF
COMMUNICATIVE TYPES OF
STRATEGY SPEECHES
PRINCIPLES OF SPEECH PRINCIPLES OF
WRITING SPEECH DELIVERY
TYPES OF
COMMUNICATIVE
STRATEGY
INTRODUCTION
Communication is the heart of the community. Being
able to use various communicative strategies leads to
the achievement of the speech purpose and creates a
smooth flow of information between the speakers
and the listeners. Poor communication strategy
allows for information blockages.
Communicative strategies are plans, ways or means of
sharing information that are adopted to achieve a
particular social, political, psychological, or linguistic
purpose.
TYPES OF COMMUNICATIVE
STRATEGIES
1. Nomination
2. Restriction
3. Turn-taking
4. Topic control
5. Topic shifting
6. Repair
7. Termination
NOMINATION
This is usually used at the beginning of the
interaction to set the purpose of the conversation.
The speaker tries to open a topic with the people
he/she is talking to. One must present a particular
topic clearly and truthfully.
Example: Good morning, class. How are you today?
Is it raining in your area?
RESTRICTION
This is used in constraining the reaction or response
within a define set of categories. This is useful when
narrowing down a listener’s response to an expected
set of answers. This prevents the conversation from
going off topic.
Example: We will have 30 minutes of online
discussion regarding the topic on Pandemic and
Mental Health. An additional 10 minutes will be
allotted for your questions and related concerns.
TURN-TAKING
This strategy is used to establish and sustain a
productive conversation. Turn taking is recognizing
when and how to speak when it is one’s turn. This
requires each speaker to wait for the others to
complete their turn talking. This strategy can be
used to avoid participants talking over one another
that may cause conflicts. Turn-taking provides
persons equal opportunity to say their piece.
TURN-TAKING
Participants must watch out for the verbal and non-
verbal cues that signal the next speaker that the
previous speaker has finished talking. One may
employ visual signals like a nod, a look, or a step
back.
Example: (Clicked the raise hand button)
Can I please add something to the
discussion?
TOPIC CONTROL
This is a communicative strategy used in keeping
the asking questions that requires a response from
the listener. Topic control also allows the other
participants to take turns, contribute ideas, and
continue the conversation.
Example: That was an excellent point, Arlene!
How about the rest of the class? You may put your
responses on the jam board link found on the chat
box, or you may simply click the raise hand button
and share your thoughts.
TOPIC SHIFTING
This is defined as introducing a new topic followed
by the continuation of that topic. Topic shifting is a
strategy that works best when there is a follow
through so that a new topic continues to be
discussed. One may also use effective
conversational transitions to indicate a shift.
TOPIC SHIFTING
Example:
By the way,
In addition to what I have already mentioned,
It is dangerous to go out, especially that the Delta
COVID-19 variant is here! But even if we practice
physical distancing, we should not stop to socialize
with our friends and family members via phone
calls or social media applications.
REPAIR
This communicative strategy refers to
overcoming communication breakdown to
send more comprehensible messages.
Repair Communicative Strategy includes:
REPAIR
1. Requesting clarification – One may ask
questions or use non-verbal communication such
as eyebrows, eyes, head, hands, or shoulders to
show that the message could not be understood.
2. Not acknowledging the new situation – The
situation already in progress will continue.
REPAIR
3. Topic shifting – This can help direct the
discussion to another topic or divert the attention
of the listener from the topic that has become
problematic.
4. Repeating – This is a good way of correcting
oneself.
REPAIR
5. Recasting – This refers to changing the form
of the message that could not be understood.
Example: We definitely should practice social distancing, I
mean, physical distancing to become safe during this pandemic.
Can anyone restate the difference between these two terms?
TERMINATION
This strategy ends the interaction by using verbal
and nonverbal messages that the participants send
to one another. Nonverbal may include a handshake
or walking out.
Example:
Thank you ….
Okay, all done…
See you later on our following online
meeting schedule.
ACTIVITY
Directions: Shoot a 2-minute SCAN THE LINK AND
skit showing the seven UPLOAD YOU VIDEO HERE!
communicative strategies and
upload it in Google Drive. Write
also the script on a paper. You
may choose any of the topics
below.
1. Caffeine Addiction
2. Plastic Surgery
3. Bullying
4. Mental Health
5. Gadget Addition
RUBICS:
CRITERIA: 5 4 2
CONTENT All communicative At least four Less than four
strategies are seen in communicative communicative strategies are
the presentation strategies are seen in the seen in the presentation
presentation
SCRIPT Script has complete Script is complete. It has a Script is complete with rough
logical story with a beginning, spots; Beginning, middle and
story with a beginning middle, and end. end may be difficult to
middle, and end. determine.
PROJECTION The audience could The audience could hear The audience could hear few
hear all words with most words with naturalness and
naturalness and ease words with naturalness and ease in communication
in communication ease in communication
X
GRAMMAR There are no errors in There are few errors in There is a number of errors
grammar grammar in grammar
FILE NAME: [SECTION]-[GROUP
NO.]
THANK YOU!