PACKAGING
UNIT 4
WHAT IS PACKAGING
• Packaging is a marketing tool related to the performance
of marketing function. The basic objective behind
packaging is to prevent damage to the product during
Storage, Transportation and Handling.
• It cost element involues 5 to 30 % depending on the type
of the product.
TYPES OF PACKAGING
• CONSUMER PACKAGING
• INDUSTRIAL PACKAGING
CONSUMER PACKAGING
Consumer packaging is the packaging that a product has when it
reaches the consumer
• Packaging materials
Different materials are used for different purposes, such as
cardboard boxes for consumer goods, vacuum packaging for food,
and metal packaging for hazardous materials.
• Packaging types
There are different types of packaging, including primary,
secondary, and tertiary packaging.
• Packaging design
Packaging can be customized with colors, designs, and printing to
enhance a brand's image and connect with customers.
• Packaging compliance
Packaging must meet industry standards and regulations
to ensure consumer safety and avoid legal issues.
• Packaging cost
Proper packaging can reduce the cost of reverse logistics
and returns and damages.
• Packaging sustainability
Reusable packaging, flexible packaging, and paper bags
can reduce waste and environmental impact.
INDUSTRIAL PACKAGING
• Industrial packaging is the process of protecting and
storing goods during transportation and storage. It's used
by companies that ship or deliver products, such as retail
stores, distributors, and wholesalers.
• Industrial packaging is designed to be strong and heavy-
duty, and to protect goods from impact, dents, or spills. It
can include:
• Boxes, Envelopes, Tapes, Handles, Cushioning, Bulk
bags, Reusable bins, and Crates.
FUNCTIONS OF PACKAGING
• Protection
Packaging protects products from damage during storage,
shipment, and display. It can protect against dirt, dampness, and
other damaging factors. Delicate items may require more rigid
containers or foam padding.
• Storage
Packaging keeps the product safe during storage, whether it's for
minutes, years, or even seconds. Packaging can improve storage
effectiveness by being stackable, compact, and lightweight.
• Transport - Packaging needs to be easy to handle, lift, hold,
move, and store.
• Service
Packaging includes information about the product, such as
ingredients, nutritional information, and dangerous materials.
• Presentation
Packaging promotes the product through visual branding and
product display.
• Convenience
Packaging should be convenient for the consumer. For
example, packaging for skincare products should allow them
to be stored or transported together.
• To protect products from damage.
• To provide key information.
• To contain multiple items.
• To promote the product.
• To improve storage effectiveness.
• To consider environmental impact.
TYPES OF PACKAGING MATERIAL
• SHRINK - WRAPPING
Shrink wrapping, also known as shrink packaging or
polywrapping, is a packaging method that uses heat to wrap
a product in plastic film.
STRETCH - WRAPPING
• Stretch Wrap- A highly stretchable plastic film commonly
made from Linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE)
wrapped around items.
ALUMINUM
• ADVANTAGES
1. RECYCLABILITY
2. CUSTOMIZATION
3. LIGHT WEIGHT
4. COST EFFECTIVE
HIGH DENSITY PLASTIC BOXES
• It is one of the most versatile plastic materials around,
HDPE plastic is used in a wide variety of applications,
including plastic bottles, milk jugs, shampoo bottles,
bleach bottles, cutting boards, and piping.
PLASTIC STRAPPING
PLASTIC FOAM DUNNAGE
• Foam dunnage is a lightweight, versatile, and reusable
packaging material that protects items from damage
during storage and transport.
FLIM BASED PACKING
• Film-based packaging is a type of packaging that uses
multiple layers of film to pack goods. It is used for a
variety of purposes, including soft packaging, vacuum
packaging of food, and more.
BLANKET - WRAPPING
• A TRADITIONAL FORM OF PACKING GENERALLY
USED IN HOUSEHOLD PACKING. THIS IS SUITABLE
FOR PRODUCTS LIKE CHAIR, TABLES AND OTHER
FURNITURE.
RETURNABLE CONTAINERS
• Returnable containers are a type of packaging that can be
reused multiple times to transport products.
UNITIZATION
• Unitization in packaging is the process of combining multiple smaller
units into a larger unit for easier handling, transportation, and storage.
Unitization can help with:
• Safety: Unitizing helps protect products from damage, contamination,
and other hazards.
• Efficiency: Unitizing can help reduce labor and handling costs, and
increase shipping productivity.
• Cost: Unitizing can help reduce the cost per unit as the size, weight,
and quantity of the load increases.
• Speed: Unitizing can help reduce the time spent loading and
unloading cargo.
PALLETISATION FOR UNITIZATION
• PALLETS -
Pallets are flat, portable platforms that are used to transport
or move goods.
CONTAINERIZATION
• It is a technique that involves using standardized
containers to transport goods from one place to another.
Merits of Containerization
• Reduced costs: Containerization can reduce shipping
costs by reducing cargo handling and the need for dock
front warehouses.
• Increased security: Containers protect cargo from theft
and exposure to the elements.
• Faster shipping: Container ships can carry containers
above and below deck, allowing for more frequent trips
and less time in port.
• Improved port management: Containerization reduces
port congestion and waiting time.
• Reduced Damage
• Lesser Documentation
• Better unitization of equipment through uniformity of cargo
• Environmental control
Demerits
• All cargo need not suit containers
• Heavy capital need to investment in equipment
• need proper equipment to handle containers
• this is only for shipping not with air freight
Designing a package
• Briefing the designer
• Gathering information above the package
• Writing the designer platform
• Creative face
• Consulting the suppliers
Factors affecting choice of packaging material
• Characteristics of materials to be handled
• Destination
• Kind of transport
• Handling of storage
• Cost
• Condition of usage and distribution
• Availability of types of package and its substitutes
Initial presentation
• Modificcation
• Design testing
• Image tests
• Usage tests
• Visibility tests
• Brainwave analysis
• Final Design phase
• Production design
• Finishing the job