23PET311 Petroleum and Natural Gas Exploration Engineering

Tutorial 4
GRAVITY EFFECT OF SOME SIMPLE SHAPES

Engineer Mohamed Sadek

Building 15 – TAs Room 2 (B13)

23PET311 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION ENGINEERING - ENGINEER MOHAMED SADEK
23PET311 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION ENGINEERING - ENGINEER MOHAMED SADEK 2
Problem 1
Show on a profile the variation in the gravity effect for a body of
nearly spherical shape buried at a depth of one kilometer when its
radius changes from 400, 500, to 600 m.

Note that the density contrast is 0.5 gm/cm3 and X = 0, 0.5,

1, 1.5 and 2 km.

23PET311 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION ENGINEERING - ENGINEER MOHAMED SADEK 3
Solution – Question 1
Step 1: Calculate g at the different values of R and X.
For spherical
Shape
g=
Units:

R,X, and Z are in meters,

ρ is in gm/ and,
g is in mGal.

23PET311 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION ENGINEERING - ENGINEER MOHAMED SADEK 4
Solution – Question 1
Step 1: Calculate g at the different values of R and X.

g=

@ R= 400 m, Z=1000 m, ρ= 0.5 gm/

X, m 0 500 1000 1500 2000

g, mGal 0.8928 0.7936 0.4464 0.20406 0.0992

23PET311 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION ENGINEERING - ENGINEER MOHAMED SADEK 5
Solution – Question 1
Step 1: Calculate g at the different values of R and X.

g=

@ R= 500 m, Z=1000 m, ρ= 0.5 gm/

X, m 0 500 1000 1500 2000

g, mGal 1.7437 1.5499 0.8718 0.3985 0.1937

23PET311 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION ENGINEERING - ENGINEER MOHAMED SADEK 6
Solution – Question 1
Step 1: Calculate g at the different values of R and X.

g=

@ R= 600 m, Z=1000 m, ρ= 0.5 gm/

X, m 0 500 1000 1500 2000

g, mGal 3.0132 2.6784 1.5066 0.6887 0.3348

23PET311 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION ENGINEERING - ENGINEER MOHAMED SADEK 7
 Solution – Question 1
Step 2: Plot g vs. X on the same cartesian graph @ R=400,500,600
m
X, m 0 500 1000 1500 2000
@ R=400 m
g, mGal 0.8928 0.7936 0.4464 0.20406 0.0992

X, m 0 500 1000 1500 2000

@ R=500 m
g, mGal 1.7437 1.5499 0.8718 0.3985 0.1937

X, m 0 500 1000 1500 2000

@ R=600 m
g, mGal 3.0132 2.6784 1.5066 0.6887 0.3348

23PET311 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION ENGINEERING - ENGINEER MOHAMED SADEK 8
23PET311 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION ENGINEERING - ENGINEER MOHAMED SADEK 9
Problem 2
A horizontal cylinder of iron, its radius 300 m, buried at a depth of
1000 m from axis. If ρ= 0.25 gm/cm3.

Calculate the local gravity field at distances from origin X =

0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 km. Present them in form of profile.

23PET311 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION ENGINEERING - ENGINEER MOHAMED SADEK 10
Solution – Question 2
Step 1: Calculate g at the different values of X and @ R=300 m.

g= For Horizontal Cylinder

Shape
Units:

R,X, and Z are in meters,

ρ is in gm/ and,
g is in mGal.

23PET311 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION ENGINEERING - ENGINEER MOHAMED SADEK 11
 Solution – Question 2
Step 1: Calculate g at the different values of X and @ R=300 m,
ρ=0.25.
g=

@ R= 300 m, Z=1000 m, ρ= 0.5 gm/

X, m 0 500 1000 1500 2000
g, mGal 0.00000262 0.0000021 0.00000131 0.000000806 0.000000524

Step 2: Plot g vs. X on a cartesian graph.

23PET311 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION ENGINEERING - ENGINEER MOHAMED SADEK 12
 Gravity Vs. Distance
0.000003

0.0000025

0.000002
g,mGal

0.0000015

0.000001

0.0000005

0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
X, m 13
Problem 3
The following data is collected during a field gravimetric survey
above an anomalous body. Suppose that the body takes a spherical
shape with a density contrast equals 2.8 gm/cm3.

Calculate the depth to the top of the anomalous body.

23PET311 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION ENGINEERING - ENGINEER MOHAMED SADEK 14
 Station No. g (mGal) Station No. g (mGal) Station No. g (mGal)

1 6.3 11 17.7 21 15

2 7 12 18.8 22 13.7

3 8 13 19.5 23 12.4

4 9 14 19.8 24 11.1

5 10.1 15 19.9 25 10.1

6 11.2 16 19.8 26 9

7 12.4 17 19.4 27 7.9

8 13.6 18 18.8 28 6.8

9 14.9 19 17.8 29 6.3

10 16.3 20 16.4
N. B.: the interval between stations = 18 k feet.
23PET311 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION ENGINEERING - ENGINEER MOHAMED SADEK 15
 Solution – Question 3
Step 1: Calculate X at the different values of g.
Station No. X, ft Station No. X, ft Station No. X, ft Station No. X, ft
( ( ( (

1 18 9 162 17 306 25 450

2 36 10 180 18 324 26 468
3 54 11 198 19 342 27 486
4 72 12 216 20 360 28 504
5 90 13 234 21 378 29 522
6 108 14 252 22 396
7 126 15 270 23 414
8 144 16 288 24 432

23PET311 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION ENGINEERING - ENGINEER MOHAMED SADEK 16
 Solution – Question 3
Step 2: Plot g vs. X on a cartesian graph .
g, mGal. X, ft g, mGal. X, ft g, mGal. X, ft g, mGal. X, ft
( ( ( (

6.3 18 14.9 162 19.4 306 10.1 450

7 36 16.3 180 18.8 324 9 468
8 54 17.7 198 17.8 342 7.9 486
9 72 18.8 216 16.4 360 6.8 504
10.1 90 19.5 234 15 378 6.3 522
11.2 108 19.8 252 13.7 396
12.4 126 19.9 270 12.4 414
13.6 144 19.8 288 11.1 432

23PET311 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION ENGINEERING - ENGINEER MOHAMED SADEK 17
 g, mGal. Vs. X, ft
22
20
18
16
14
12
g,mGal

10
8
6
4
2
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
X,ft
18
 Solution – Question 3
Step 3: Calculate the depth to the top of the gravity anomaly.
g, mGal. Vs. X, ft gmax= 20 mGal

- Get the value of 𝑋_(1/2) at g= 10 =

To get z:
22
20 20
18 (450 - 90)=360,000 ft
16
- Z= 1.5*360,000= 540,000 ft
14
12
g,mGal

10
8
6
4
2
90
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
450
X,ft (*10^3)

23PET311 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION ENGINEERING - ENGINEER MOHAMED SADEK 19
Thank you
S1 - 2023/2024

23PET311 PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION ENGINEERING - ENGINEER MOHAMED SADEK