External &
Internal
Prestressing
Prestressing is a technique used in construction to strengthen
concrete structures by applying compressive forces. It can
be done either externally by applying tension to the outside of
the concrete, or internally by embedding stressed cables within
the concrete.
by Nilesh Maurya
Types of
Prestressing
External Prestressing
External prestressing is a technique where the prestressing tendons or cables are placed outside the concrete
element but within the structural envelope. Unlike internal prestressing, where tendons are embedded in
the concrete, external prestressing allows the tendons to be anchored and run along the structure, often through
deviators and anchorages that keep them in place.
Internal Prestressing
Internal prestressing involves embedding prestressing tendons (usually steel cables or bars) directly inside
the concrete structure. The tendons apply compressive forces to the concrete, improving its resistance to tensile
stresses and preventing cracks or failure under loads. Internal prestressing can be done through pre-tensioning or
post-tensioning methods..
External
Prestressing
Advantages
1 Accessibili
ty
External prestressing allows for easier inspection and
maintenance of the tensioned cables.
2 Flexibilit
y
The external cables can be adjusted or replaced as needed,
adapting to changes in the structure.
3 Durabilit
y
External cables are less susceptible to corrosion,
prolonging the life of the prestressed structure.
External
Prestressing
Applications
Bridges Elevated Structures
External prestressing is Parking garages, stadiums,
commonly used in the and other elevated
construction of long-span structures often utilize
bridges, providing external prestressing for
exceptional strength and increased load-bearing
durability. capacity.
Retrofitting
External prestressing can be applied to existing concrete
structures to enhance their structural integrity and extend
their lifespan.
Internal
Prestressing
Advantages
1 Aesthetic Appeal 2 Protection
from
Internal prestressing
Elements
allows for a clean,
uninterrupted exterior The embedded cables
design, making it are shielded from
suitable for architectural environmental factors,
applications. reducing the risk of
corrosion and damage.
3 Efficient Load Transfer
The internal prestressing enables more direct and
efficient transfer of compressive forces within the
concrete structure.
Conclusion and Key
Takeaways
1 Improved Strength 2 Design Flexibility 3 Ongoing
Maintenance
Prestressing, whether external The choice between external
or internal, enhances the load- or internal prestressing Regular inspection and
bearing capacity and depends on the specific maintenance of the
durability of concrete project requirements and prestressed system,
structures. design considerations. especially for external
applications, is crucial for
long- term performance.