Module 3
Breakdown food Then
Some
into simple substances absorb it
organism
outside the body inside
s
E.g. Fungi like yeast and mushroom & some carnivorous plants.
Let us
Plants see
which feed
onhow
insects
?
Mushroom
Releases enzymes
Digests
Food food into
particles
Absorbs
simple substances
Some Breakdown food
Then Absorb it
organism inside the body
s
E.g. Human beings, cat & cow
Let us
see
how ?
Food taken in
Broken down
into simple
substances
Absorbed in Blood
Some animals and plants derive nutrition from other
plants or animals without killing them.
But during the process they harm the host plant or
animals.
E.g. cuscuta, ticks, lice, leeches, tapeworms, etc.
Worms
Parasite
Parasitic plant
Parasitefound
found in the
on
which
found
intestine
the
derives bodies of man
hair ofof
nutrition
insucking
Blood
from and
animals
otherderives
like dogs.
plants.
animals.
parasite
nutrition from
there.
How do
organisms
obtain
their
nutrition?
Since the food and the way it is obtained differ, the digestive
system is different in various organisms.
In single – celled organisms, the food may be taken in by the
entire surface.
But as the complexity of the organism increases, different parts
become specialised to perform different functions.
For e.g. amoeba takes in food using temporary finger-like
extensions of the cell surface which fuse over the food particle
forming food-vacuole.
Inside the food vacuole, complex substances are broken down
Pseudopodia
into simpler ones which then diffuse into the cytoplasm.
The remaining undigested material is moved to the surface of
the cell and thrown out.
Food Pseudopodia
Amoeba Pseudopodia engulf food
Digestive products
Food-vacuole Undigested
material