s t e m
a r S y
S o l
Sehajvir Singh
Class – VIII B
Solar System
Mercury
Mercury is the smallest planet in the Solar System and the closest to the Sun. Its orbit around the Sun takes
87.97 Earth days, the shortest of all the Sun's planets. This Planet the innermost planet of the solar system and
the eighth in size and mass. Its closeness to the Sun and its smallness make it the most elusive of the planets
visible to the unaided eye. Because its rising or setting is always within about two hours of the Sun’s, it is never
observable when the sky is fully dark. Mercury is designated by the symbol
Venus
Venus, second planet from the Sun and sixth in the solar system in size and mass. No planet
approaches closer to Earth than Venus; at its nearest it is the closest large body to Earth other
than the Moon. Because Venus’s orbit is nearer the Sun than Earth’s, the planet is always
roughly in the same direction in the sky as the Sun and can be seen only in the hours near
sunrise or sunset. When it is visible, it is the most brilliant planet in the sky
Earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life. While large amounts
of water can be found throughout the Solar System, only Earth sustains liquid surface water. About 71% of Earth's
surface is made up of the ocean, dwarfing Earth's polar ice, lakes and rivers
Mars
Mars is the fourth planet from the sun. Befitting the Red Planet's bloody color, the Romans named it after their god
of war. In truth, the Romans copied the ancient Greeks, who also named the planet after their god of war, Ares. The
planet's cold, thin atmosphere means liquid water likely cannot exist on the Martian surface for any appreciable
length of time. Features called recurring slope linear may have spurts of briny water flowing on the surface, but this
evidence is disputed; some scientists argue the hydrogen spotted from orbit in this region may instead indicate
briny salts. This means that although this desert planet is just half the diameter of Earth, it has the same amount of
dry land.
Jupiter
Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System. It is a gas giant with
a mass more than two and a half times that of all the other planets in the Solar System
combined, but slightly less than one-thousandth the mass of the Sun. Jupiter is the third
brightest natural object in the Earth's night sky after the Moon and Venus. People have been
observing it since prehistoric times; it was named after the Roman god Jupiter, the king of the
gods, because of its observed size..
Saturn
Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second-largest in
the Solar System, after Jupiter. It is a gas giant with an average
radius of about nine and a half times that of Earth. It only has one-
eighth the average density of Earth; however, with its larger
volume, Saturn is over 95 times more massive.
Uranus
Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun, and has the third-largest diameter in our solar
system. It was the first planet found with the aid of a telescope, Uranus was discovered in
1781 by astronomer William Herschel, although he originally thought it was either a comet
or a star. It was two years later that the object was universally accepted as a new planet, in
part because of observations by astronomer Johann Elert Bode
Neptune
Neptune is the eighth and farthest-known Solar planet from the Sun. In the Solar System, it is
the fourth-largest planet by diameter, the third-most-massive planet, and the densest giant
planet. It is 17 times the mass of Earth, slightly more massive than its near-twin Uranus.
Neptune is denser and physically smaller than Uranus because its greater mass causes more
gravitational compression of its atmosphere. It is referred to as one of the solar system's two ice
giant planets (the other one being its near-twin Uranus.)
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