SMART CARD
TECHNOLOGY
Prepared by :
What is Smart Card ?
A smart card is a credit-card sized plastic
card embedded with an integrated circuit
chip that makes it "smart".
It is the latest addition to the world of
I.T.
It is having multi purpose use.
It provides data portability,security
and convenience.
Introduction
This marriage between a convenient plastic
card and a microprocessor allows an immense
amount of information to be stored, accessed
and processed either online or offline.
Smart card contains both the data and the
means to process it, information can be
processed to and from a network without
changing the card’s data.
Smart cards are portable, users can carry
data with them on the smart card rather
than entrusting that information on
network storage or a backend server
where the information could be sold or
accessed by unknown persons.
Classification of smart
card
CONTECT BASED – CONTECTLESS
MEMORY – MICROPROCESSOR
PC-CARDS
CONTECT BASED –
CONTECTLESS
Contact smart cards are inserted
into a smart card reader, making
physical contact with the reader.
However, contactless smart cards
have an antenna embedded inside
the card that enables
communication with the reader
without physical contact. A combi
card combines the two features
with a very high level of security.
MEMORY –
MICROPROCESSOR
Memory cards simply store data and can
be viewed as a small floppy disk with
optional security.
A microprocessor card, on the other
hand, can add, delete and manipulate
information in its memory on the card.
Similar to a miniature computer, a
microprocessor card has an input/output
port operating system and hard disk with
built-in security features.
PC Cards
While any IC-embedded card may be called
a smart card, its distinguishing feature is
its use for personal activities.
For example, PC cards have the same
characteristics as a smart card but they
are used as peripheral devices such as
modems or game cartridges.
These PC cards are seldom called smart
cards since they are extension devices
without personalization. In this sense, a
smart card is a processor card that allows
persons to interact with others digitally to
conduct transactions and other personal
activities.
Categories of Smart card
Integrated circuits (IC)
microprocessor
cards.
Integrated circuits memory
cards.
Optical memory cards.
The way smart card is
used.
* Very useful in global market place.
* Use of smart card has expanded
each year to include application in
a variety of markets and
disciplines.
* The most important fields where it
is used is as described.
Information Technology
* To make the information readily
available to the person on the spot.
* To protect the personal
information
* From hackers,virus and unwanted
instructions means bulks.
Mobile Technology
People using the Global System
for Mobile communications (GSM)
standard for mobile phones use
smart card technology. The smart
card is inserted or integrated into
the mobile handset. The card
stores personal subscriber
information and preferences that
can be PIN code protected and
transported from phone to phone.
Commercial Applications.
Smart cards also provide benefits for a
host of commercial applications in both
B2B and B2C environments. The smart
card’s portability and ability to be updated
make it a technology well suited for
connecting the virtual and physical worlds,
as well as multi-partner card programs.
The cards store information, money,
and/or applications that can be used for:
Banking/payment
Loyalty and promotions
Access control
Stored value
Identification
Ticketing
Parking and toll collection
Security
smart card can restrict the use of information to an
authorized person with a password.
However, if this information is to be transmitted by
radio frequency or telephone lines, additional
protection is necessary.
One form of protection is ciphering (scrambling
data). Some smart cards are capable of ciphering
and deciphering, so the stored information can be
transmitted without compromising confidentiality.
Smart cards can cipher into billions of foreign
languages and choose a different language at
random every time they communicate.
This process ensures that only authenticated cards
and computers are used and makes hacking.
It provides:
Secure card management.
PIN management.
Automatic card lock.
Automatic log out.
So we can say ,
A perfect solution for the e-commerce
transaction.
A safe place to store valuable information.
multi purpose card.
Supports different types of
application in different fields on the
card [Link] as….
Banking.
Online business.
Air way Reservation.
Shopping.
And many more.
Standards and
platforms.
A number of international standard
bodies have concerned
themselves with developing basic
standards governing the physical
and logical attributes of smart card.
Several countries are establishing
different standards for the national
schemes that is very useful for
interoperability.
Application
Areas
PUBLIC TELEPHONY
MOBILE TELEPHONY
BANKING
LOYALTY
PAY-TV
How portable ?
Smart card in uses:
Worldwide smart card sales could reach 1.6
billion units in 1998.
Western Europe accounts for about 70% of the
current smart card uses.
However, most smart cards issued today are
memory cards (see Table) with limited
processing capabilities. Still, hundreds of
millions of processor cards are already in use
today.
Phone cards have become ubiquitous in
Western Europe and Asia where coin-operated
public phones are becoming nearly obsolete.
However, processor cards are projected to be
the fastest growing smart card uses by the year
2000.
A smart card begins with a
micro-controller produced by
semiconductor manufacturers
such as Siemens, Motorola and
Thomson.
This integrated circuit chip is
attached to an electronic module
by inserting into a cavity on the
module.
Then, terminals between the
chip and the electronic module
are interconnected. Finally, the
chip-embedded electronic module
is glued to a plastic card.
The global leader in card
manufacturing is Schlumberger
who sold about half of all smart
cards in use in 1997.
Smart card
advantages
Full Portability of Services
International Roaming
Intersystem Roaming
Multiple Services on a Single Card
Separation of Business and Personal Calls
Smart card
advantage
Brand Recognition
Customer Loyalty
Programs
Direct Marketing
Advertising
Trial Subscriptions
Advantage over checks:
Reduced handling costs
Improved ease of use
Lowered costs in infrastructural supports such
as banking system and phone networks
Versatility of combining credit, debit and stored
value cards in one convenient platform
Lower transaction costs
Ability to carry out offline, online and peer-to-
peer transactions
A drive towards cashless
society :
Smart cards were first developed as a payment
method to simplify small value transactions.
This has proven to be useful in Western Europe
and Asia where public transportation and public
phones are widely used.
In North American, the popularity of checks,
credit cards and debit cards makes smart cards
a less attractive alternative.
. In some countries, the increasing use of smart
cards is also leading to advancements in
banking services and the acceptance of credit
and debit cards by consumers.
Smart card Payment
system :
Conclusion :
SMART CARD IS ADVANCED
STEP TOWARDS CASHLESS
SOCIETY AND PERSONAL
AUTHENTICATION.
Latest Practical
Application :
The Smart Village
Resort and Park
Management
Smart Cards in PKI
