MODULE

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Good Health and
It’s Balance for
Positive Mindset
What is
Health
• Health can be defined as
a state of complete
physical, mental, social
and spiritual well being,
which
consists in maintaining
the body as much as
possible by following
daily advice and
preventive measures to
reduce the possibility of
diseases.
Health has an important role in
feeling happy, as there are
many people who suffer from
diseases, but the health
enables them to fight diseases,
as a result, they achieve
physical fitness and
feel comfortable or enjoy life
like any normal person.
 The World Health Organization
(WHO) defines health as “a state
of complete physical, mental,
and social well-being and not
merely the absence of disease or
infirmity (illness).”

WHO defines wellness as “the optimal

state of health of individuals and groups,”
and wellness is expressed as “a positive
approach to living.”
Health versus
wellness
• Health comprises the diagnosis of a disease/illness, predisposition to a disease,
and
any unexpected injury.

• Wellness is an active process of growth and change to reach your fullest health
and well-being. It is associated with actively pursuing activities, making choices and
lifestyle changes, controlling risk factors that can harm a person, focusing on nutrition,
having a balanced diet and following spiritual practices that lead to holistic health.
Risk factors are actions or conditions that increase a
person’s risk of illness or injury. Some of the risk factors
that can be harmful to good health are as follows:

● Smoking: It is a major risk factor for lung cancer

and cardiovascular diseases.
● Drinking alcohol: It can cause liver damage,
stroke, heart diseases, and cancer.
●Unprotected sex: It spreads sexually transmitted
diseases including human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV).
●Extreme physical activity/sports: This may lead
to
broken bones and other types of injuries.
 Health Dimensions

1. Physical

2. Mental

3. Emotional

4. Spiritual

5. Social
A. Physical

Physical health is the state of being free from illness and injury.

1. Fitness:
 Exercise regularly

 Maintain weight

 Stay active

 Rest

2. Nutrition: The process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and
growth.
 Balanced diet:

 Carbohydrates

 Proteins

 Fats

 Vitamins

 Minerals 3
 Wate
3. Medical self care: WHO defines self care as “the ability of individuals, families and
communities to promote health, prevent diseases, maintain health and to cope with illness
and disability with or without the support of health care provider.
 Routine health check ups

 Proper vaccination

4. Control of substance abuse:

 Avoid smoking, alcohol, drugs

 Avoid addiction.

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B. Mental:
Mental health is a state of well-being in which an individual realizes his or her own abilities,
can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and is able to make a
contribution to his or her community.
1. Emotional:
 Identifying and nurturing feelings and conscious inner
state
 Journaling

 Practice gratitude & positive mindset

 Meditation

2. Psychological:
 Guided meditation

 Deep breathing
 Manage social media time

 Connect with others

 Stress management
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C. Social:

Social well being is sense of belonging to community and making contribution to society

 Being connected with friends, family and community

 Giving and receiving support

 Having meaningful relationships

 Being active member of society

 Caring for and about others

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Why is health important?

 Health is the body's functional and metabolic efficiency, and its ability to adapt to the
physical, mental, and social changes that it is exposed to.

 A healthy person is a person who is able to serve himself, his nation and his community.

 Presence of healthy individuals in society, means the presence of productive

individuals who possess the power and the ability to give and serve.

 Psychologically healthy people feel comfortable and happy in their lives. They enjoy life well,
establishing his relationships with people and showing love and kindness.

 A healthy person who is far from the disease sees him saving money that he would have spent
on the disease if he neglected his health

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 Why is health important now?
 Social distancing and the loss of routine can create pressure both physically and
psychologically. Parallelly, all are enforced to perform at the same level.

 Many people are struggling to work full-time remotely while simultaneously caring for
their family at home.

 Health workers are overloaded.

 Take time to listen to body and mind (physically, mentally, emotionally).

Positive self talk, meditation, Yoga.

 Nutrition : Healthy food

 Physically active: Move your body

 Rest: Prioritize sleep

 Socialize virtually: Find ways to connect socially

 Find ways to ease stress

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[Link]
 What influences Health?
•Social and economic environment
•Physical environment
•Person’s individual characteristics and behaviors.
•Income and social status
•Education
•Employment and working conditions
•Social support networks
•Culture.
•Genetics
•Personal behavior and coping skills
•Health services - access
•Gender

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Health and Behavior

 Health behaviors are actions individuals take that affect their health.

 Behavioral factors such as physical activity and diet, tobacco use, alcohol abuse,
disease screening etc. exert strong influence on health
Health beliefs:
 Health beliefs are what people believe about their health, what they think constitutes
their health, what they consider the cause of their illness, and ways to overcome an
illness it.

 Health beliefs are culturally determined, and all come together to form larger health
belief systems.
HEALTH BELIEFS MODEL
Health and Advertisements
 A notice or announcement in a public medium promoting a product, service, or event
or publicizing a job vacancy is called Advertisement.

 Advertising means: newspaper, TV, radio, magazine, internet, etc.

 Health related advertisement are for Fitness, Medical, Wellness, Pharmaceutical &
Health brands. Advertisements extensively discuss food and nutrition, tobacco,
alcohol, and prescription drugs.

 Research indicates that these health-related communications can have significant and
measurable effects on consumer cognitions, emotions, and behaviors. 48% of people
exposed to the health-promoting advertisements made searches within the next
month for weight loss information. Green
 Food products, Health supplements, Gyms, group workouts, anti-aging products, Tea
Health instruments, Health insurance, beauty products

 Advertisement has both positive and negative influence on health

Advantages of good health:
Short term benefits:

 Maintain weight

 Feel better: Good energy and mood

 Improved mental clarity

 Supports daily activities and help recovery

 More resilient to pressure and stress

 Better Stress Management

 Avoid Addictions

 Protect Eyesight

 Lower Medical Costs

 High Self-Esteem 13
Long term good health benefits:

 Live happy life

 Longer life span.

 More energy to purse dreams.

 Maintains weight and physical appearance

 Increased Immunity

 Great sense of well being: Enhanced self- esteem

 Improves overall quality of life.

 Role model to others

 Good health has positive influence.

Health and Society
 Society is an organization or club formed for a particular purpose or activity

 An individual’s social environment can positively or negatively affect a person’s

health

 Social environment factors: A social environment has to do with the culture

and relationships that surround an individual.

 Occupation and income status

 Education
 Family and friends
 Access to health care
 Social Environment and Weight Gain
 Social Environment and mental health
 Social Environment and Disease Onset
Health and Personality
 Personality traits are generally defined as a person’s characteristic thoughts,
feelings, and behaviors.

 Introverts (people who are typically quiet, reserved, and introspective)

and
extroverts (people who are social and outgoing)

 Optimistic (People who are positive and assume good things last) and pessimistic
(people who have negative feelings).

 Neurotic (people who experience anxiety, depression, shy, self-doubt)

 Conscientious (people who are high-achieving, dependable, careful)
 Resilient (people adapting well to adversity, trauma, tragedy or stress)
 Narcissistic (self-centered people)

 Personality traits may influence whether a person engages in health-enhancing or

health-damaging behaviors.
 Health and family

 “Family is a group of biologically- related persons living together and sharing the
common kitchen and purse”.

 The health of one member affects the welfare of other members in the family.

 Every family is unique and it is affected by ever aspect of community life.

 Family health is “a state of positive interaction between family members which

enables each members of the family to enjoy optimum physical, mental, social and
spiritual well-being”.

 Functions of family:

 Socialization of family members.

 Economic stability.
 Care of dependent members.
 Emotional support for members.
 Satisfy social, intellectual, emotional and psychological needs of family.
 Upbringing children for behavior and social approved conduct.
 Sense of family identification
 Interaction among family members in health, disease, counselling and
rehabilitation

 Determinants of family health

 Living and working conditions

 Physical environment
 Psycho-social environment
 Education and economic factors
 Health practices
 Cultural factors
 Gender
 Genes
Health and Profession

 Work-related problems can affect our physical, emotional and mental health.

Common causes of work-related stress

 Job dissatisfaction
 Workplace injury
 Stress
 Discrimination, bullying, violence
 Retirement
 Long hours
 Heavy workload
 Poor pay
 Boredom
 Safety issues
 No promotions
 Job insecurity
 Conflicts with co-workers or bosses.
 Unemployment

 The stress of dealing with changing work circumstances that are out of your control
can increase the risk of health problems such as anxiety and depression
Disparities of health in different vulnerable groups

Health disparity is “a particular type of health difference that is closely linked

with social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage”

Certain groups in the society often encounter discriminatory treatment and

need special attention to avoid potential exploitation are called vulnerable
Groups

 Race and ethnicity: SC, ST & Dalits

 Gender.
 Sexual identity and orientation.
 Disability status or special health care needs.
 Geographic location (rural, urban and migrants)
Health and psychology
Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior

Health and Well‒Being describes psychological well-being as “the combination

of feeling good and functioning effectively.”
Psychologically healthy people feel
comfortable and happy in their lives and
enjoy life well.

A person who suffers from mental

illnesses always sees him as a gloomy
and pessimist and does not feel happy
in his life and in his relationships with
people.

While you see a healthy person enjoying

happiness in his life, establishing his
relationships with people and showing
love, kindness & intimacy.
Methods to improve good psychological health

1. Self acceptance
2. Talk about your feelings
3. Physically active : Move your body
4. Nutrition : Healthy food
5. Rest: Prioritize sleep
6. Stress Management
7. Care about others
Psychological disorders
 Neurodevelopmental Disorders
• Intellectual Disability
• Global Developmental Delay
• Communication Disorders
• Autism Spectrum Disorder
• Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
 Bipolar and Related Disorders
• Mania
• Depressive Episode
 Anxiety Disorders
• Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
• Agoraphobia
• Social Anxiety Disorder
• Specific Phobias
• Panic Disorder
• Separation Anxiety Disorder
 Stress-Related Disorders
• Acute Stress Disorder
• Adjustment Disorders
 Dissociative Disorder
• Dissociative Amnesia
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• Dissociative Identity Disorder
 Somatic Symptom Disorders
• Illness Anxiety Disorder
• Conversion Disorder
 Eating Disorders
• Anorexia Nervosa
• Bulimia Nervosa
• Rumination Disorder
• Pica
 Sleep Disorders
• Narcolepsy
• Insomnia
Disorder
• Hypersom
nolence
• Breathing-
Related
Sleep
Disorders
• Parasomni
as
• Restless
Legs
Syndrome
 Disruptive
How to maintain good health
 Nutrition: Eat right
 Rest : Get optimum sleep
 Fitness: exercise regularly
 Manage social media time
 Medical check-ups
 Timely vaccination
 Control of substance abuse
 Stress Management
 Positive self talk
 Practicing gratitude
 Journaling
 Meaningful relationship with family and friends
 How can You Achieve Good Health
and Well Being?
• Eat healthy meals:
What you eat is closely related to your health. Eating a healthy diet
can help boost your immune systems, help you maintain a healthy
weight and can improve your overall health.

• Add more fruits and vegetables to your diet:

Include fruits, vegetables, grain products, leafy greens, salmon, etc. in
your diet. Adding fruits and vegetables is an ideal basis to start a
healthy routine.

• Drink a lot of water:

Drinking a lot of water keeps muscles and joints working, increases
the amount of water in your blood, promotes healthy skin and
cardiovascular health and helps cleanse toxins from your body. You
can save a lot of money and improve your health by drinking water
all day.
• Get enough sleep:
Sleep plays an important role in good health and well-being throughout your life
because
it enables the body to repair and be fit and ready for another day. Getting enough sleep at
the right times may help prevent physical health problems such as excess weight gain,
heart disease, protect your mental health issues and improve your quality of life and
safety.

• Prevent substance abuse:

Avoid smoking,tobacco, alcohol, caffeine and sugary drinks. Smoking, alcohol,
and
tobacco consumption are harmful to your health, so avoid such things as soon as possible.
When you quit, you will greatly reduce the risk of death from lung cancer and other
life- threatening diseases such as heart disease, stroke, emphysema, chronic bronchitis,
etc.