FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Rajiv Gandhi University
Rono hills, Doimukh, Arunachal Pradesh
COURSE TITLE: Gender Mainstreaming
COURSE TITLE: (EXT 510)
TOPIC: Women development programmes
Submitted by:-
Submitted to:-
Rish Makcha
Dr. Bai Koyu
22AGREC02
Course instructor
[Link] Agricultural Economics
3rd Semester
MINISTRY OF WOMEN AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT (MWCD)
Department of Women and Child Development-1985
(As a part of the Ministry of Human Resource Development).
Department upgraded to a Ministry- 30.01.2006
Mandate-
o Nodal Ministry for the advancement of women and children.
o Ministry formulates plans, policies and programmes, guides and coordinates
the efforts of both governmental and non-governmental organisations working
in the field of Women and Child Development.
Organisations under the Ministry
o The Ministry has 6 autonomous organisations.
1. National Institute of Public Cooperation and Child Development (NIPCCD)
2. National Commission for women (NCW)
3. National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR)
4. Central Adoption Resource Agency (CARA) 2
5. Rashtriya Mahila Kosh (RMK)
6. Central Social Welfare Board (CSWB)
NIPCCD= Established in 1966, New Delhi .
Objective
Planning, coordinating and monitoring the training, designing,
revising and standardising of curriculum for all categories of
functionaries; and preparing, procuring and distributing training
material and aids.
Apex body for training of ICDS functionaries (Trainers and CDPO).
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National Commission for women (NCW)
Established on 31 January 1992 under the National Commission for
Women Act, 1990. (Jayanti Patnaik as the chairperson)
objective of the NCW
To represent the rights of women in India and to provide a voice for their
issues and concerns.
The subjects of their campaigns have included dowry, politics, religion,
equal representation for women in jobs, and the exploitation of women
for labour.
They have also discussed police abuses against women.
Review the Constitutional and Legal safeguards for women.
Advise the Government on all policy matters affecting women.
The commission regularly publishes a monthly newsletter, Rashtra
Mahila, in both Hindi and English. 4
Rekha Sharma is the current Chairperson of the National Commission for
Women in India.
National Commission for Protection of Child Rights
(NCPCR)
Judicial body endowed with the responsibility of taking care
of the rights of children and safeguarding them.
Founded in 2007 under Parliament’s Commissions for
Protection of Child Rights (CPCR) Act, 2005.
Two acts for protecting the rights of children are
encompassed in the ambit of the NCPCR,
which are the RTE Act and the POCSO Act.
1) Right Of Children To Free And Compulsory Education Act,
2009.
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2) The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012.
CENTRAL ADOPTION
RESOURCE AUTHORITY (CARA)
Autonomous and statutory body of MWCD.
It was set up in 1990.
Headquarter- New Delhi.
functions as nodal body for adoption of Indian
children and is mandated to monitor and regulate
in-country and inter-country adoptions.
CARA is designated as the Central Authority to deal
with inter-country adoptions in accordance with the
provisions of the Hague Convention on Inter-country
Adoption, 1993, ratified by Government of India in
2003.
Adoption of orphan, abandoned and surrendered
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children through its associated adoption agencies.
CEO- Deepak Kumar
RASHTRIYA MAHILA
KOSH (RMK)
Rashtriya Mahila Kosh (National Credit Fund for Women).
Its purpose is to deliver women from lower income group
with access to loans to begin small businesses.
An Apex micro-finance organization.
Established in March, 1993 (as an autonomous body under
the Ministry of Women & Child Development).
It was registered under the Societies Registration Act
1860.
Objective- provide women beneficiaries with easy access
of micro credit for income generating activities.
For socio-economic empowerment of women.
Operating model- RMK provides loan products to Non –
Governmental Organization (NGO)/ Intermediary Micro- 7
financing Organization (IMO) which on-lend to Women
Groups like SHG.
Central Social Welfare Board (CSWB)
Established - 12th August, 1953
Objective- promoting voluntarism in social welfare activities and
welfare programmes for women, children and physically challenged
through voluntary organizations.
Works with SSWB to implement in all areas.
Functions- Survey needs of welfare organisations, provide technical
and financial aid to voluntary and NGO.
[Link] Deshmukh was the founder Chairperson of the Central
Social Welfare Board.
Currently – Aastha Saxena khatwani
Vocational Training Programme, Awareness Generation Programme,
National Creche Scheme, Short stay home, Integrated Scheme for
Women's Empowerment for North Eastern States, Family Counselling 8
Centre Programme.
WOMEN AND CHILD RELATED
DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES
AND SCHEMES.
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[Link] CHILD DEVELOPMENT
SERVICE (ICDS)
Launched- 2nd October 1975
Scheme for providing supplementary nutrition,
immunization and pre-school education to the children..
Centrally sponsored scheme implemented by state
governments and union territories. The scheme is
universal covering all the districts of the country.
The Scheme has been renamed as Anganwadi Services.
The services are now offered as part of the Saksham
Anganwadi and Poshan 2.0
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OBJECTIVES
To improve the nutritional and health status of children
in the age-group 0-6 years;
Foundation for proper psychological, physical and social
development of the child;
To reduce the incidence of mortality, malnutrition and
school dropout;
To achieve effective co-ordination of policy and
implementation amongst the various departments to
promote child development; and
To enhance the capability of the mother to look after the
normal health and nutritional needs of the child through
proper nutrition and health education.
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SERVICES UNDER ICDS
Immunization, health check-up and referral services are provided by
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Health system, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW).The
services are offered at Anganwadi Centres through Anganwadi Workers
(AWWs) and Anganwadi Helpers (AWHS) at grassroots level.
DELIVERY OF SERVICES
Services Service provided by Target Group
Supplementary Nutrition Anganwadi Worker and Children below 6
Anganwadi Helper years, Pregnant
(Ministry of Women and Child mothers and lactating
Development (MWCD)) mothers
Pre-School Education AWW Children 3-6 years
(MWCD)
Immunization ANM /MO Children below 6
Health system, Ministry of Health years, Pregnant
and Family Welfare (MoHFW) mothers and lactating
mothers
Health Check-up ANM/MO/AWW Children below 6
(Health system, MHFW) years,
Pregnant mothers
Nutrition & Health AWW/ANM/MO Women (15-45 years)
Education (Health system, MoHFW &
MWCD)
Referral Services AWW/ANM/MO Children below 6
(Health system, MoHFW) years 13
FUNDING PATTERN
All components of ICDS = 60:40 ratio (central : state) except
Supplementary Nutrition Programme (SNP) .
The Supplementary Nutrition Programme (SNP) funded as 50:50 ratio.
The North East states have a 90:10 ratio.
The AWWs and AWHs are paid fixed honorarium per month as decided
by the Government from time to time. With effect from October, 2018,
the AWWs and AWHs are paid honoraria of Rs.4,500/- per month and
Rs.2250/- per month.
Existing Monitoring System under ICDS Scheme:
Central Level- Ministry of Women and Child Development (MWCD)
has the overall responsibility of monitoring the ICDS scheme.
state Level- Various quantitative inputs captured through CDPO’s
MPR/HPR are compiled at the State level.
At block level, Child Development Project Officer (CDPO) is the in-
charge of an ICDS Project.
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Village Level (Anganwadi Level)- AWW
ICDS TEAM
=AWW,ANM,MO,ASHA,CDPO,DPO
The ICDS team comprises the Anganwadi Workers, Anganwadi
Helpers, Supervisors, Child Development Project Officers (CDPOs)
and District Programme Officers (DPOs).
Anganwadi Worker, a lady selected from the local community, is a
community based frontline honorary worker of the ICDS
Programme. She is also an agent of social change, mobilizing
community support for better care of young children, girls and
women.
Besides, the medical officers, Auxiliary Nurse Midwife (ANM) and
Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) form a team with the
ICDS functionaries to achieve convergence of different services.
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2. DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN IN RURAL AREAS (DWCRA)
DWCRA= Development of Women and Children in Rural
Areas .
The DWCRA is a subsidiary scheme of IRDP (Integrated
Rural Development Programme).
In 1982-1983, DWCRA was implemented in 50 districts.
It had grown to include every district in the country
from 1994 to 1995.
The DWCRA programme assembles underprivileged rural
women into groups so they could pursue self-sufficient
sources of income in an effort to improve their socioeconomic
standing.
DWCRA was merged with the Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar 16
Yojana (SGSY) on 1 April 1999.
OBJECTIVE
Primary objective of the DWCRA
To improve the health, socio-economic and educational status
of rural women by creating employment opportunities and
providing financial assistance for them to become self-reliant.
Groups of 15-20 women from poor households at the village
level are formed to obtain access to services like skill training,
credit, cash and infrastructural support for self-employment
Health
Education
Safe drinking water
Child care
Sanitation
Nutrition 17
STRATEGY OF DWCRA
Basic unit - forming a group of 15-20 poor women who help
each other and use their collective strength for income-
generation and self-fulfilling opportunities.
Awareness- group are made aware of their potential, strength,
group objectives and benefits before undertaking group
activities under the programme.
Implementing Agency and Staffing Pattern of DWCRA
The District Rural Development Agencies (DRDA)
implements the DWCRA programme.
One post of Assistant Project Officer (Woman) is sanctioned.
Gram Sevika at the block level.
Steps- conduct preliminary area surveys, establish contacts
with the rural women, and identify their needs and constraints.
Each DWCRA group will get Rs.25,000 as a revolving fund to 18
meet economic activities capital expenditure requirements
3. PRADHAN MANTRI MATRU VANDANA
YOJANA(PMMVY)
A maternity benefits program by the Ministry of Women and
Child Development .
Cash incentive of ₹ 5000/- to Pregnant Women of 19 years of
age or above for the first live birth.
Incentive is provided in three instalments and is to be claimed
within 150 days, 180 days, and at childbirth respectively.
The scheme is aimed at women who were working and had to
experience a wage loss due to pregnancy. The incentive can be
used to meet the daily requirement of nourishment of pregnant
women.
Implementing agency- PMMVY is implemented through the
Anganwadi Centers (AWC). It is being implemented in States /
UTs in coordination with the Department of Social Welfare &
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Empowerment and the Department of Health & Family Welfare.
BENEFITS-
Cash incentive of ₹5000 are provided in three instalments
–
First installment - ₹1000/- on early registration of
pregnancy at the Anganwadi Centre (AWC) / approved
Health facility as may be identified by the respective
administering State / UT.
Second installment - ₹2000/- after six months of
pregnancy on receiving at least one antenatal check-up
(ANC).
Third installment - ₹2000/- after childbirth is registered
and the child has received the first cycle of BCG, OPV,
DPT and Hepatitis - B, or its equivalent/ substitute.
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4. Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP)
launched on 22nd January 2015
Aim- To address declining Child Sex Ratio (CSR) and
related issues of empowerment of girls and women.
Objective of the scheme-
o To prevent gender biased sex selective elimination,
o To ensure survival and protection of the girl child and
o To ensure education and participation of the girl child.
key elements of the scheme include nation-wide media and
advocacy campaign and multi-sectoral intervention in
selected districts.
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5. ONE STOP CENTRE (OSC) AND
UNIVERSALIZATION OF WOMEN HELPLINES(WHL):
The One Stop Centres (OSCs) is popularly known as Sakhi Centres,
o Launched on- 1st April, 2015
o Aim to facilitate women affected by violence (including domestic violence)
o with a range of integrated services under one roof such as Police
facilitation, medical aid, providing legal aid and legal counselling,
psycho-social counselling, temporary shelter etc.
o Women Welfare Division is administering this two schemes from Nirbhaya
Fund.
Women Helpline (WHL) Scheme
Launched on- 1st April, 2015
24 hours emergency response to women affected by violence, by linking
them with appropriate authority such as Police, One Stop Centre,
Hospital, Legal Services etc.
Women can dial 181 short code to avail services from Women Helpline. 22
WHL also supports women in distress with rescue van and counselling
services.
[Link] Women Hostel
o Launch year- 1972-73
and after amendment re-launched on 6th April, 2017
o To promote the availability of safe and conveniently located
accommodation for working women.
o To provide accommodation to children of working women, up to the age
of 18 years for girls and up to the age of 5 years for boys.
[Link] Greh
o Launch year- 2018
o To provide the need for shelter, food, clothing, medical treatment, and
care of women in distress.
o To provide women with legal aid and guidance.
[Link] Shakti Puraskar
o Launch year- 2016
o To strengthen the place of women in society.
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o To facilitate institutions that work towards the progress and development
of women in society.
[Link] to Training and Employment Programme for
Women (STEP)
o Launched year- 1986-87
o It was revised in December, 2014
o To provide skills that give employability to women.
o Enable women to become self-employed/ entrepreneurs.
o To benefit women in the age group of 16 and above in
the country.
[Link] Mahila Kosh (RMK)
Also known as the National Credit Fund for Women
(NCFW).
Launch year- 1993.
It caters to the credit needs of the poor and asset-less
women in the informal sector. 24
REFERENCES
1. CARA. (2023). CARA- Central Adoption Resource
Authority. [Link]
2. CSWB. (2022). Central Social Welfare Board,
Government of India. [Link]
3. MWCD. (2023). Ministry of Women and Child
Development. [Link]
4. NCW. (2023). National Commission for Women.
[Link]
5. NCPCR. (2023). National Commission for Protection of
Child Rights, India. https://
[Link]/about-commission
6. RKM. (2017). Rashtriya Mahila Kosh, Government of
India. [Link] 25
THANK YOU
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