ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
NSTP-1
Objectives
• At the end of the lesson, students are
expected to:
• Enumerate the rich environmental and
natural resources found in the
Philippines
• Discuss the contemporary
environmental issues in the Philippines,
and
• Analyze the causes of environmental
and natural resource degradation in the
country
PHILIPPINES
-Located in Southeast asia.
-7,641 islands
-Land area-300,000 sq. km
-Main Islands
-Luzon
-Visayas
-Mindanao
BIODIVERSITY
• 18th among the
megadiverse countries
in the world
• Endemic species-6091,
102 mammals, 186
birds.
• Center of marine
biodiversity located in
- Verde Island Passage,
Batangas
Forest Ecosystem
• Timber, non timber
resources
• Rich flora, fauna, and
human resources in the
forests
• Ancestral domains of
indigenous communities
protecting forests
biodiversity
Agricultural Lands
• Fertile lands for
agriculture
• Major crops, rice,
corn, sugarcane,
coconut, bananas
• Philippines is a large
exporter of
agricultural products.
Mineral Wealth
• 5th most mineralized
country in the world
• Top 3 in gold reserves
worldwide
• Deposits such as gold,
copper, iron, nickle, cobalt,
platinum, marble that can
propel nations
industrialization.
Energy Sources
• Rich sources of
renewable and non-
renewable energy
• Oil reserves in
Palawan, natural gas
reserves in
Malampaya
• Other sources- hydro-
electric, wind, wave,
biomass, and solar.
Water resources
• Abundant freshwater
supply
• 421 principal rivers,
numerous watersheds,
lakes, and reservoirs
• Water used for
transportation, fish
production, irrigation
Environmental decline and
degradation
• Rapid decline and degradation of
the country’s ecosystem affects
Filipino’s lives. Despite the
abundant environmental resources,
Filipino’s continue to live a poor life,
not being able to fully utilize the
natural resources.
Key temporary issues in Philippine
Government
• Threatened biodiversity and
deforestation
-Philippines rank 4th in the asia pacific
region in numbers of endangered species
Attributed to factors such as deforestation,
conversion of habitats to residential and
commercial use, exploit of resources,
pollution, and climate change
DISCUSSION
• According to DENR, in
1900’s, forest cover is at
70%. By 1934, forest
cover is only 17.8 mln
hectare or about 60%.
This declined further to
6.8 mln hectares or
22.94% of forest cover.
CEC-Philippines, 2016
Republic Act 7942 or MiningAct of
1995 The over extraction and
AN ACT exploitation of mineral resources
INSTITUTING A led to:
NEW SYSTEM
OF MINERAL
RESOURCES -Destruction of forests and oceans,
EXPLORATION, affecting biodiversity
DEVELOPMENT, -Increase in landslide, subsidence
UTILIZATION, and erosion hazards
AND -Pollution of bodies of water, and;
CONSERVATION
-Conflicts among mining
communities
Degradation of coastal
ecosystems
• We are tagged as part of
the 11 “coral hotspots” or
areas with the most
degraded coral reefs from
2002-2011. Reported by
DENR, 40% of coral reefs
are in deteriorated
condition.
CAUSES
- Mangrove deforestation
- Destroyed Seagrass beds
- Decline in fish food
Climate change
Human activities contribute to
climate change. Through
increase of greenhouse gases
such as Carbon Dioxide,
Nitrous Oxide, and Methane.
This rapid increase led to rise
of global temperatures and
sea level.
Impact to Philippines
-Increased intensity and
frequency of storms, heat
waves, drought, heavy rains,
and flooding
Sea Level rise
ENVIRONMENTAL ACTS
• REPUBLIC ACT No. 3701
-AN ACT TO DISCOURAGE DESTRUCTION OF
FORESTS
it shall be unlawful for any person willfully to enter
upon any public forest reserve make "caingin" or in
any manner destroy such forest or part thereof, or
to cause any damage to the forest products and
forest growth found therein, or to assist, aid or abet
any other person so to do.
KEY POINTS
• The Philippines is very rich in environmental and
natural resources such as mountains, forests,
bodies of water, agricultural lands, biodiversity and
mineral resources.
• Contemporary issues include biodiversity loss,
deforestation, mineral plunder, destruction of
coastal resources, and climate change.
• Environmental Protection needs a committed and
comprehensive strategies overhaul the economic
system.