SAMPLING

LESSON OBJECTIVES

1
Explain the concepts in sampling such as
population, sample, probability and
non-probability sampling;

2 Determine the appropriate sampling

technique and sample size in a given problem

3 Appreciate sampling method in doing

research study
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How do you organize your things?

a. How do you arrange your clothes?

b. How about the stuffs on your bags?

Is it by color?
By size?
Or according to their uses?
Based on the previous lessons, arrange the
following words into two (2), according to
what you have understand them.

Graphs Emotions perceptions understanding

1 kilogram 1 bucket of beer
percentage 100 persons ideas beliefs
QUANTITATIVE QUALITATIVE
DATA DATA

GRAPHS EMOTIONS
PERCENTAGE PERCEPTIONS
100 PERSONS UNDERSTANDING
1 KILOGRAM BELIEFS
1 BUCKET OF BEER IDEAS
 is the method of getting a
Samplin
sample/representative portion
g
of a population.
 is generally the totality of
Populati individuals or objects that is the
on main focus of a scientific query.

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 refers to a portion or part of the
population that represents the
Sample
population from which it was
selected.

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Fig. 1. Illustration of Population and
Sample

POPULATI
ON

SAMPLE

(The Research Bunker, 2011 in Arcenas, 2016 p. 74)

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Illustrative
POPULATIO
Examples:
SAMPLES
N
378 Senior High School Students 193 students

100 teachers 34 teachers

2,841 barangay inhabitants 95 residents

 Sampling Types/Procedures
Probability Sampling - every Non-Probability Sampling
member of the population has a - NOT each population member has
chance to participate in the study. a chance to participate in the study.

[Link] Random Sampling [Link]/Availability

[Link] Random Sampling Sampling
[Link] Random [Link] Sampling
Sampling [Link] Sampling
[Link] or Area Random [Link] Sampling
Sampling [Link] Sampling
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Slovin’s Formula
Slovin’s Formula
n=
Where:
n = sample size
N = total population
e = margin of error

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 DETERMINING THE SAMPLE SIZE
Illustrative Example:
N = 378 SHS students (population

Slovin’s Formula
size)
e = 5% (Margin of Error)
n=
n= = =
= =
Where: =
n = sample size =
N = total population
e = margin of error

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 Probability Sampling
SAMPLING TechniquesSTEPS or PROCEDURE
METHOD

A. Simple
1. Compute the sample size.
Random 2. Assign a number to all members
Sampling of the population.
- There is an equal chance 3. Randomly select or draw a
of being selected as a predetermined numbers
member of the sample.

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 Probability Sampling
SAMPLING TechniquesSTEPS or PROCEDURE
METHOD
B. Stratified
1. Compute the sample size.
Random 2. Identify the unit of
Sampling stratification or grouping.
- The population is divided
into subgroups or strata
3. Group the population based
- It is best used when the on the unit of stratification
characteristics of the (age, gender, year level,
subgroups may influence
the variables being location, etc.).
measured.

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 Probability Sampling
SAMPLING TechniquesSTEPS or PROCEDURE
METHOD
B. Stratified
4. Get the frequency of each
Random group and determine the
Sampling percentage.
- The population is divided
into subgroups or strata
5. Multiply the percentage with
- It is best used when the the sample size to ascertain
characteristics of the the number of samples from
subgroups may influence
the variables being each group.
measured.

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Illustrative Example:
Unit of Stratification: Grade level
N = 500 (population size)
n = 218 (sample size)
Grade 8 Level Grade 9 Level Grade 10 Level
f = 250 f = 150 f = 100
% = 250/500 x 100 % = 150/500 x 100 % = 100/500 x 100
= 50% = 30% = 20%

n = 50% of 218 n = 30% of 218 n = 20% of 218

= 109 Grade 8 = 65 Grade 9 = 44 Grade 10
students students students

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 Probability Sampling
SAMPLING TechniquesSTEPS or PROCEDURE
METHOD
C. Systematic 1. Calculate the sample size.
2. Divide the population size by the
Random sample size to get the sampling
Sampling interval.
- Sample from a larger 3. Get the list of names in the
population are selected population.
according to a random starting 4. Using the sample interval, select
point and a fixed periodic
interval by calculating the
the samples one at a time until
population size by the desired the desired number of sample size
sample size. is reached.

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Illustrative Example: ID Names
N = 500 (population size)
1 Marlon
n = 218 (sample size) 2 Savannah
3 Xia
4 Dwane
5 Miko
= 2.29 or 2 (interval) 6 Mikaela
7 Carlo
8 Kerby
9 Nash
10 Elah
11 Vivian
12 Kiven
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 Probability Sampling
SAMPLING TechniquesSTEPS or PROCEDURE
METHOD

D. Cluster or 1. Compute the sample size.

Area Random 2. Identify geographic
Sampling clustering method.
-The population is 3. Group the population
grouped based on according to cluster
geographic area. method.

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 Probability Sampling
SAMPLING TechniquesSTEPS or PROCEDURE
METHOD

D. Cluster or 4. Get the frequency and

percentage of group
Area Random members in each cluster.
Sampling 5. Multiply the percentage with
-The population is the computed sample size.
grouped based on 6. Draw the desired number of
geographic area. sub-samples.

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Illustrative Example:
Clustering Method: District
N = 1,000 teachers (population size)
n = 278 teachers (sample size)
Gamay 1 Gamay 2
f = 600 f = 400
% = 600/1000 x 100 % = 400/1000 x 100
= 60% = 40%

n = 60% of 278 n = 40% of 278

= 167 teachers = 111 teachers

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 Non-Probability Sampling
Techniques
Sampling
Description Example
Techniques

A. The samples are Ask any willing

Convenience selected because learner to
Sampling they are accessible answer the
(or Availability or easy to recruit instrument.
Sampling) by the researcher.

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B. Purposive Samples are In a study
Sampling chosen for a involving
(Judgmental special purpose. diabetic
or Subjective persons,
Sampling) researcher will
only choose
diabetic
persons.

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C. Quota The researcher In a population,
Sampling ensures equal or there are 60%
proportionate men and 40%
representation of women. In this
the subjects case, you will
depending on select samples
which trait is non-randomly
considered as basis until you reach
of the quota 40% women (4
out of 10).
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Snowball Participants Researcher who
Sampling identify other has interviewed
potential an online game
participants. addict would
recommend
other online
game addicts.

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Voluntary Participants who Researcher
sampling volunteer to be chooses the
part of the study participants/res
pondents that
will volunteer
Situation 1

Clariza’s’s target population for her study

are Senior High School learners in Gala
Vocational School. All in all, there are 1,000
learners. Since there are too many learners,
she decided to randomly select the
respondents by fish bowl technique. To
give equal chance for individuals in the
population of being chosen.
Situation 2

Haila wants to know if the new

curriculum has an effect on the
academic performance of ABM learners.
She took the list of all the learners in
her school and selected every 8th
name in the class list as participants.
Situation 3

Britney wants to study the hygienic

practices of SHS learners. The
problem is there are 960 learners.
So Britney decided to employ only
learners from rural barangays.
Situation 4

Kimverly wants to conduct an interview

on the reasons of Grade 10 learners
about absenteeism in her school. So,
she approached the guidance counselor
of the school to identify these learners
who committed this problem based on
this specific criterion.
Situation 5
Francis Jim is interested to study the
inspiration of aquarium fish breeder.
He knew a friend in the
neighborhood and through him, he
was introduced to another fish
breeder and so on. Until he acquired
15 respondents in his study.
Situation 6

Khrizha, as one of the researchers,

positions herself in a shopping area
and starts interviewing people she
seen available one by one.
Situation 7

Noelie wanted to study the reasons

for women why they put color on
their long hair. She decided that
having 40 respondents will be
enough.
Get ¼ piece of paper. Write P if the sentence talks about
probability sampling; otherwise, write NP for Non-
Probability Sampling. Write the answers only.
_______1. Checking every 10th student in the list
_______2. Interviewing some persons, you meet in the campus
_______3. Dividing 100 persons into groups
_______4. Choosing subjects behaving like the majority members of the
NPC Town
_______5. Choosing a group of subjects among several groups
_______6. Choosing subjects capable of helping you meet the aim of your
study
_______7. Choosing samples by chance but through an organizational
pattern
_______8. Letting all members in the population join the selection process
_______9. Having people willing to be chosen as respondents
_______10. Matching people’s traits with the population members’ traits

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