EMBROIDERY

Embroidery is an ancient variety of

decorative needlework in which designs and
pictures are created by stitching strands of
some material on to a layer of another
material.
Classification of Embroidery

 The art of embroidery has two

classifications in itself. They are
classified according to which is being
stitched on top of the fabric and which is
stitched through the fabric.
Classification of Embroidery

3
Methods of Embroidery
 Straight stitch - Stem, Back, fly stitch
 Flat stitch - Satin, Cross
 Loop stitch - Herring Bone, Feather
stitch
 Knotted stitch - French knot, Bullion
Knot.
Running Stitch
 The Running Stitch, also referred to as
Straight Stitch, is one of the basic hand
sewing and embroidery technique on
which most other forms of stitching and
embroidery are based.

5
6
7
Straight stitch – stem stitch
 Straight Stitch is a simple embroidery
stitch created using a straight, long
stitch individually or in groups to form
patterns.

 The stem stitch is one of the most

common embroidery stitches and is
used frequently in surface embroidery.
Straight stitch – stem stitch
This stitch is worked as a thin line and
can be used to outline embroidered
shapes, as flower and plant stems, and in
tendrils. Stem stitch is easy to work along
a straight or curved line.
Chain stitch
 It looks like a loop formed by passing
the thread over the point of the needle,
as the needle is pushed to the front side
from the back side and securing it by
the following stitch. It is used mostly to
embroider straight lines. But it can be
used to embroider floral designs, birds
and animals, etc.
10
11
Lazy-daisy stitch
 This stitch is mostly used to embroider
small petals and leaves. It is a small loop
stitch. At the end of the loop, create a
small stitch which looks like a daisy petal.
Space out the next loop or use the stitch
to create a daisy by making five or more
petal shapes to create a flower shape.
The lazy-daisy stitch is a variation of the
chain stitch.
12
13
Couching Stitch
In this stitch, single or multiple threads,
wires and decorative materials are laid
on the fabric and held in place by
sewing with a thread in diagonal
stitches. It is helpful in creating thick
and thin outlines in single and dual
colours. The stitches can be placed
close together or wide apart.
14
Couching Stitch

15
Blanket Stitch
 Blanket stitch It is similar to the
buttonhole stitch and is mainly used to
finish the blanket’s edges. It is one of the
simplest ways of decorating or holding a
garment’s hem or edge. This stitch can be
worked in straight or diagonal lines.
Variations of blanket stitch can produce
some attractive effects.

16
17
Loop stitch - Herring Bone
 The Loop Stitch is used in making very
small leaves, and also as a powdering.
 Herring Bone,
 The herringbone stitch is worked
along parallel lines on an
even weave fabric
Herringbone stitch
 This stitch is a variation of cross stitch.
In herringbone stitch, the cross is made
at the top and bottom instead of in the
centre as in the cross stitch. On the
back of the fabric, the stitch is visible as
parallel rows of running stitch.

19
Herringbone stitch
 The stitches can be worked closed together by
working two rows of stitches over each other so
that the stitches intersect in different style to
form a variety of design of greater or lesser
intricacy. Embroidered with a slight gap between
two lines, when worked closely it is called close
herringbone. When the close herringbone stitch
is worked on a semi-transparent fabric, the
reverse is used as the face of the embroidery; it
is called shadow work.
20
Herringbone stitch

21
Herring Bone stitch
 Work the stitch from left to right: Bring
the needle up through the fabric at the
lower left at 1 and work a stitch
diagonally to the upper right at 2.
 Bring the needle up again to the left of
your insertion hole at 3, and then work a
stitch diagonally to the lower right at 4.
23
Fish Bone Stitch
 This stitch resembles the backbone of a
fish, therefore it is called fishbone stitch.
This is a type of filling and flat stitch, which
is suitable for making leaves or feathers.
The vein of the leaf is used as the centre
and the stitches are taken alternately to its
left and right. Usually oval and narrow
shaped designs are selected for the
fishbone stitch.
24
25
26
UNIT-III
 Feather stitch
 It is used differently in double line and
floral designs. In the double line designs,
the stitches are taken with some gaps in
between. In the floral designs, the stitches
are taken close to each other as well as
small in size. In this stitch, each loop is
formed first to the right hand side and then
on the left hand side of the embroiderer.

27
Feather stitch
 The feather stitch and its variations are
used in surface embroidery to create
airy lines of stitching along curves or
straight lines. It can be marked on the
fabric or worked as a counted stitch. It's
one of the most basic and popular
embroidery stitches that can be used to
create an edging.
Feather stitch
Single feather stitch

30
Double feather stitch

31
Seed stitch
 Seed Stitch is also known as rice grain.

 The seed stitch consists of a series of

straight stitches and is typically used as a
fill stitch in embroidery. It can also be
seen as a base layer under the satin
stitch to give a little more
"poof." Typically, seed stitches are
stitched in all different directions, making
a random pattern.
32
33
Cross stitch
 It is formed by two crossing arms. In
this, a single diagonal stitch is taken
first in one direction and then in another
to cross the first at right angles. These
crosses are worked in groups to form
mostly letters and numerals,
geometrical designs, etc.

34
Cross stitch
 Cross-stitch is a popular form of
counted-thread embroidery in which X-
shaped stitches in a tiled, raster-like
pattern are used to form a picture. The
stitch counts the threads on a piece of
even weave fabric (such as linen) in
each direction so that the stitches are of
uniform size and appearance.
Cross stitch
 This form of cross-stitch is also called
counted cross-stitch in order to
distinguish it from other forms of cross-
stitch. Sometimes cross-stitch is done
on designs printed on the fabric
37
Fly stitch
 The fly stitch is a basic surface
embroidery stitch that can be worked
singly, as a cattered filling, or in rows.

 Each fly stitch is composed of two

stitches - a horizontal long stitch and a
vertical tacking stitch.
Fly stitch
 To work a single fly stitch, bring the
needle up through the fabric and then
down a short distance away, leaving a
loop on the surface of the fabric.
 Bring the needle up through the fabric
again, just above the center of the loop.
Fly stitch

40
Flat stitch - Satin
 The flat stitch is also known as the
Croatian stitch or the Croatian flat stitch.
Again, it solidly fills a shape, forming an
overlap in stitches so that a kind of
spine runs down the middle of the
shape
Flat stitch - Satin
 Satin Stitch:
 A satin stitch or damask stitch is a
series of flat stitches that are used to
completely cover a section of the
background fabric. Narrow rows of satin
stitch can be executed on a standard
sewing machine using a zigzag stitch or
a special satin stitch foot.
Satin stitch
44
Long and short stitch
 As long and short stitches are taken one
after another, therefore, the name of this
type of stitch is the ‘long and short stitch’.
The long and short embroidery is done in
floral designs, and in patterns depicting
birds and animals. Two different shades
of a colour or sometimes, even three
shades of a colour are selected for the
design.
45
46
Knotted stitch - French knot
 A knotted stitch is any embroidery
technique in which the yarn or thread is
knotted around itself. Common knotted
stitches include French knots and
coral stitch. Knotted stitches can be
subdivided into individual or detached
knots, continuous knotted stitches, and
knotted edgings.
French Knot
A french knot is an embroidery
technique that creates small tight knots
that, in groupings, can form nice centers
of flowers and other accents in a dainty
piece of handwork. When finish sewing,
crocheting, or knitting something, will be
able to decorate it with little "dots."
French Knot
Bullion Knot
 Knotted stitches are formed by wrapping
the thread around the needle, once or
several times, before passing it back to the
back of the fabric ground. This is a
predominate stitch in Brazilian embroidery,
used to create flowers. Another form of
embroidery that uses knots is Candle
wicking, where the knots are created by
forming.
Bullion Knot
Bullion Knot

52
Double knot
 Palistrina stitch [double knot]was not so
easy in the beginning. The irregular
twisting of the thread as also a problem.
Then slowly, kept untwisting the threads
after every few stitches. The stitch was
uniform and it also resembled a knot.

53
Double knot

54
Double knot

55