SYNTAX

AUXILIARY
VERBS
GROUP 3
Member :
o Firnanda Febriana NPM 202206002
o Dalifah Cindy Nuraisyah NPM 202206004
o Amma Maulidina NPM 202206014
o Nabila Amalia Putri NPM 202206023
o Cahya Raya Yana NPM 202206025
o Jamiatul Hasanah NPM 202206031
 The Chapters
1 2
Modals Perfect have

3 4
Progressive be Passive be
 0
1
Auxiliary
verbs
Syntax
What is Auxiliary
Verbs
●
?
Auxiliary verbs, also known as helping verbs, are
minor verbs that support the sentence’s main verb to
communicate complex grammar concepts like aspects
of time or modality. Auxiliary verbs are a type of verb
that takes a supportive role in a sentence. They’re used
mainly to create complex grammatical tenses.

● The three main auxiliary verbs are :

o be
o do
o have
 When do you use auxiliary
1. Future tenses (will)
verbs ?
For example : She will be the first astronaut president of Mars.
2. Continuous tenses (be)
For example : I am working in the shed.
3. Perfect tenses (have)
For Example : - They have just finished class and are getting ready
for recess.
- I had forgotten about the birthday party until I
saw the calendar.
4. Perfect continuous tenses (be and have)
The perfect continuous tenses use a conjugated form of the
auxiliary verb have and the past participle of the auxiliary verb be
(been) along with the present participle of the main verb.
For Example : - I have been reading Moby Dick for months now.
- He had been working there for five years before
he quit.
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2
Modals
Syntax
What is Modals
Modals are auxiliary verbs that express necessity, possibility,
permission, ability, and other related concepts. They do not change
form according to the subject, and they are always followed by the
base form of the main verb. That means you can use modal verbs to
express different meanings of the main verb, such as showing
possibility, ability, necessity, or suggestion.

Common modal verbs include:

• Can
• May
• Might
• Could
• Should
• Would
• Will
• must
When are modal verbs used?
1. Can/Could : ability (The modal verb can expresses whether the
subject of a sentence is able to do something)
For Example : - She can swim - Could you help me?
2. May/Might : possibility (In a situation when something is
possible but not certain)
For Example : - It may rain - Might I leave early?
3. Must : necessity, obligation (express a necessary action, such as
an obligation, duty, or requirement)
For Example : - You must wear a seatbelt
4. Should : advice, future intention (giving suggestions or advice
without ordering someone)
For Example : - You should go to the doctor.
5. Will/Would : polite request to ask someone else to do
something
For Example : - Would you get that box off the top shelf?
- Will you turn that music down?
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3
Perfect
"have"
Syntax
 What is Perfect Have ?
The perfect "have" as an auxiliary verb is used to
form the perfect tenses, which describe actions
that are completed at the time of speaking
(present perfect), by a specific point in the past
(past perfect), or by a specific point in the future
(future perfect).
When do you use Perfect Have
• Present Perfect : used to describe an action that happened at an
unspecified time before now.
Structure : [have/has + past participle]
For Example : She has finished her homework

• Past Perfect : used to show that an action was completed before

another action in the past
Structure : [had + past participle]
For Example : I had eaten before he arrived

• Future Perfect : used to describe an action that will be completed

before a specified point in the future.
Structure : [will have + past participle]
For Example : They will have completed the project by next week.“

By using the auxiliary verb "have" the perfect tenses can effectively
express completed actions in relation to different points in time.
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4
Progressive
"Be"
Syntax
What is Progressive "Be ?
 Progressive "be" (also known as "continuous be") is a
form of the auxiliary verb used to form the progressive
aspect in English. The progressive aspect indicates that
an action is ongoing or happening at a particular time.

 The main function of progressive "be" is to indicate that

an action or event is in progress. Progressive "be" is
used in various tenses to express actions that are
currently happening, were happening in the past, or will
be happening in the future.

 The basic structure for the progressive form is:

[be + (verb-ing)]
Tenses that use progressive "be" include:

1. Present Progressive : [am/is/are + verb-ing]

Example: "She is reading a book.“
2. Past Progressive : [was/were + verb-ing]
Example: "They were sleeping when the phone rang.“
3. Future Progressive : [will be + verb-ing]
Example: "I will be traveling tomorrow.“
4. Present Perfect Progressive : [have/has been + verb-ing]
Example: "She has been studying for three hours.“
5. Past Perfect Progressive : [had been + verb-ing]
Example: "He had been working at the company for five years
before he resigned.“
6. Future Perfect Progressive : [will have been + verb-ing]
Example: "By 2025, they will have been studying this subject for
four years."
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5
Passive Be
Syntax
What is Passive "Be

The auxiliary verb "be" in passive voice is a form of

the verb "be" which is used together with the past
participle (verb 3) to form a passive sentence.

In passive sentences, the subject of the sentence

receives the action, in contrast to active sentences
where the subject performs the action.
 The Examples of the "Be" Form in Passive V
• Present Simple : - Active : She wrote a letter.
- Passive : A letter is written by her.

• Future Simple : - Active : They will complete the project.

- Passive: The project will completed by them.

• Present Continuous : - Active : She is baking a cake.

- Passive : A cake is being baked by her.

• Past Continuous : - Active : They were cleaning the room.

- Passive : The room was being cleaned by them.

• Present Perfect : - Active : He has written the report.

- Passive: The report has been written by him.

• Past Perfect : - Active : She had finished the work.

- Passive : The work had been finished by her.

• Future Perfect : - Active : They will have completed the assignment.

- Passive : The assignment will have been completed by them.
• Auxiliary verbs are a type of verb that takes a
supportive role in a sentence.
• Modals are auxiliary verbs that express necessity,
possibility, permission, ability, and other related
concepts.
• The perfect "have" as an auxiliary verb is used to form
the perfect tenses.
• Progressive "be" is a form of the auxiliary verb used to
form the progressive aspect in English. The auxiliary
verb "be" in passive voice is a form of the verb "be"
which is used together with the past participle (verb 3)
to form a passive sentence

—Conclusion
Thank
You
Group 3