PRENATAL
DEVELOPMENT
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The beginning of development happens
upon conception, that is the union of
the egg and the sperm cell. Subsequent
changes brought about by the
developmental changes can be traced
in this crucial period of life.
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Prenatal development starts with
fertilization, in the germinal stage
of embryonic development, and
continues in fetal development
until birth.
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The Beginning of Life
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Stage of Prenatal Development
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Germinal
In approximately 3-4 days, the zygote
travels along the fallopian tube and
eventually implant itself to the uterus wall.
The mitosis (cell division) permits the
development of blastocyst. Aside from the
protective function it serves at this stage, it
is also the source in the development of the
amniotic sac, placenta, and umbilical cord .
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Embryonic
The significant development in this stage is the
formation of major organs that form the biological
systems, such as respiratory, digestive, and
nervous systems. Before the end of the 8th week,
limbs can be identified already that would appear
like an underdeveloped fetus. This rapid
development of organ is also accompanied by more
risk of spontaneous abortion (miscarriage) most
especially during the first trimester (first 3 months).
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Fetal
Considered the longest and final stage of pregnancy
lasting until giving birth. Aside from having all organs
to be highly developing, senses are becoming more
functional such as fetus being able to respond to the
heartbeat and voice of the mother while sense of
olfaction develops at 14th week Locomotion can be felt
also by the mother most especially when the fetus is
stimulated. Fetus also manifests certain degree of
memories especially on the voice of the mother.
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Factors Affecting Prenatal Development
[Link] TO PRENATAL
[Link] AFFECTING
PREGNANCY
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A. Threats to Prenatal
1. Miscarriage
2. Ectopic pregnancy
3. Complication Associated to
pregnancy
4. Bleeding or Spotting
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1. MISCARRIAGE
This happens when the baby is lost
before the 20th week of gestation. Beyond
this, is still considered as stillbirth. There
are several reasons why pregnant women
experience miscarriage. But the most
common reason is the Chromosomal
abnormalities.
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2. ECTOPIC PREGNANCY
An ectopic pregnancy is when a fertilized egg
implants itself outside of the womb, usually
in one of the fallopian tubes. The fallopian
tubes are the tubes connecting the ovaries to
the womb. If an egg gets stuck in them, it
won't develop into a baby and your health
may be at risk if the pregnancy continues.
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3. COMPLICATION ASSOCIATED TO PREGNANCY
Upon gestation, hormonal and
biological changes are expected
rapidly. This may cause medical-related
complication that can cause loss of
pregnancy.
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4. BLEEDING OR SPOTTING
This is a blood discharge while
on gestation most especially
during the first trimester.
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B. Factors Affecting Pregnancy
1. Maternal Context
2. Medical-related Concern
3. Environmental Factor
4. Other Factor
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1. MATERNAL CONTEXT
The characteristics and readiness of the
mother’s biological system can greatly
affect the quality of development that will
take place.
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2. MEDICAL RELATED CONCERN
The kinds od medication the mother has
taken before and during pregnancy can
possibly cause deformities, delayed
development, and fatality.
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3. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR
The amount of social support provided by
the immediate environment can affect the
quality of pregnancy experienced by the
mother.
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4. OTHER FACTORS
Equally important tis the quality of sperm
that comes from the father. The genetic
make up that is shared by the father may
result to deteriorated physical and
cognitive functioning of a child.
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