Each of these criminals
will be in jail for 10 years
but which has the longer
sentence.
I will spend the
next 10 yrs. in
I will be in jail prison because
of my crimes.
for 10 years.
The sentence
“I will spend
the next 10
yrs. in prison
I will spend the
because of my
next 10 yrs. in crimes” is
prison because
of my crimes
literally longer
than “I will be
in jail for 10
YOU is a three-letter
word that when you
remove two letters and
just the third letter
remains the word still
sound the same. What
other commonly-used
three-letter word does
this?
WHY
Look at the code below,
what different fruit do
grapes turn into?
G+8 R+0 A+0 P-2 E+2
S+14
G+8 = O
R+0 = R
A+0 = A
P-2 = N
E+2 = G
S+14 = E
What is the first word in
this sentence where the
first letter is the first
letter of the alphabet?
ALPHABET
What comes once in a
minute, twice in a
moment, but never in a
thousand years?
LETTER “M”
Juan, Robert and
Jasmin counts
from 1 to 20
taking turns to say
the numbers, Juan
says 1, Robert
says 2, Jasmin
says 3 and so on.
Who will say the
Robert
box
think
1. CHANCES
2. CHANCES
3. CHANCES
4. CHANCES
John Langshaw Austin, a British
philosopher, in his landmark book
"How to Do Things with Words"
(1962).
A Speech Act is an
utterance that performs an
action. When we say
something, we are not just
conveying information, but
we are also doing
something with our words.
Types of Speech Acts:
Locutionary Act: The actual act of
making an utterance, i.e., the literal
meaning of the sentence.
•Example: "It’s raining outside."
(This simply states a fact.)
Illocutionary Act: The social
function of what is said, i.e., what
the speaker intends to do with their
words (e.g., asking, commanding,
promising).
•Example: "Can you close the
window?"
Perlocutionary Act: The effect the
speech has on the listener, i.e.,
what happens as a result of what is
said.
Example: Upon hearing "Can you
close the window?" the listener
closes the window. (The action is
the response to the request.)
Statement: “A teacher says to the class,
'Please submit your assignments by
tomorrow morning.‘’
Locutionary Act:
"Please submit your assignments by tomorrow
morning."
Illocutionary Act:
The teacher is requesting that the students turn in
their assignments on time.
Perlocutionary Act:
The students feel a sense of urgency and make
sure to complete and submit their assignments by
the deadline.
Statement: "A friend says, 'Watch
out! There’s a car coming!'"
Locutionary Act:
"Watch out! There’s a car coming!"
Illocutionary Act:
The friend is warning the listener to avoid
danger.
Perlocutionary Act:
The listener quickly moves out of the way or
becomes more cautious.
Statement:
"A friend says, 'It’s getting late, maybe we should
head home now.'"
Locutionary Act:
"It’s getting late, maybe we should head home now."
Illocutionary Act:
The friend is suggesting that it’s time to leave and go
home.
Perlocutionary Act:
The listener feels the need to wrap up what they are
doing and prepare to leave.
FILL IN THE ACT
1."A parent says, 'Don’t forget to wear
your jacket, it’s cold outside.’”
2."A manager says, 'Let’s schedule the
meeting for tomorrow at 10 AM.’”
3."A customer says, 'I would like to
return this item, it’s defective.’”
4."A student says, 'Can I borrow your
notes from yesterday’s lecture?’”
5."A friend says, 'I’m so happy you could
come to my party!'"
Searle’s Classification of Speech Act
As a response to Austin’s Speech Act
Theory, John Searle (1976), a
professor from the University of
California, Berkeley, classified
illocutionary acts into five distinct
categories.
Directive
– a type of illocutionary
act in which the
speaker tries to make
the addressee perform
an action.
Some examples of an assertive act
are suggesting, putting forward,
swearing, boasting and concluding.
attempts to get the listener to do
something.
Example: Please maintain the
cleanliness of our school.
Commissive
– a type of illocutionary
act which commits the
speaker to doing
something in the
future.
Examples of a commissive act are
promising, planning, vowing, and
betting.
commits the speaker to a future
action
Example: From this moment on, I
will love you and honor you for the
Assertive
a type of illocutionary
act in which the
speaker expresses
belief about the truth
of a proposition.
Some examples of an assertive act are
suggesting, putting forward, swearing,
boasting and concluding.
commits the speaker to a future action
(expresses the speaker's belief or
statement of fact)
Example: "The Earth revolves around
the Sun."
Declaration
a type of illocutionary act
which brings a change in the
external situation. Simply put,
declarations bring into
existence or cause the state of
affairs which they refer to.
Some examples of declarations are
blessing, firing, baptizing, bidding,
passing a sentence, and
excommunicating.
(brings about a change in the external
situation through the utterance):
Example: You are hired!
Instructions: Identify the
type of speech act in each
sentence (commissive,
directive, assertive,
expressive, or declaration).
Instructions: Identify the
type of speech act in each
sentence (commissive,
directive, assertive,
expressive, or declaration).
1. "I will help you with your project
tomorrow."
2. "Can you please send me the report
by Monday?"
3. "I’m so sorry for being late."
4. "The Philippines is an archipelago
composed of over 7,000 islands."
5. "I now declare the school year
officially open!"
6. “I guarantee that you will receive
the package by Friday."
7. "Could you close the door on your
way out?"
8. "I appreciate your hard work on
this project."
9. "The meeting was postponed until
further notice."
10. "I hereby appoint you as the new
team leader."
11 "I will call you tomorrow to finalize
the details."
12. "I hereby declare this meeting
open."
13. "Can you please pass the salt?"
14. "Congratulations on your well-
deserved success!"
15. "The Earth orbits around the Sun."
16. "I promise to attend the meeting
next week."
17. "Stop talking during the
presentation."
18. "I’m so happy for you!"
19. "You’re now officially promoted to
manager."
20. "The report is accurate based on
the data."
Based on the statement, respond
appropriately by filling in the
necessary act
1."It’s raining." – What is the speaker’s intention
or how would you respond to this?
2."Close the door, please." – What should the
listener do in response to this?
3."The exam starts now." – How does this affect
the listener?
4."I apologize." – What is the speaker trying to
convey with this statement?
5."There’s a spider on your shoulder." – How
would the listener typically react to this?
6 "I will call you tomorrow to finalize the
details."
7. "I hereby declare this meeting open."
8. "Can you please pass the salt?"
9. "Congratulations on your well-
deserved success!"
10. "The Earth orbits around the Sun."
11. "I promise to attend the meeting
next week."
12. "Stop talking during the
presentation."
13. "I’m so happy for you!"
14. "You’re now officially promoted to
manager."
15. "The report is accurate based on
the data."