Chapter 3

Roles of Computing -
3.1 Electricity Industry
Learning Outcome
• After completing this chapter, students should be
able to describe the IS/IT implementation in the
energy industry.
“Electricity changed nearly everything about the way we live and work—and that scale of
transformation is possible with the Internet of Things.” Ian Goldin, Director of Oxford Martin
School, University of Oxford

Figure 1 illustrates the progression of this revolution. In the prior three revolutions, there were tremendous improvements in
productivity—first came steam and water, next came electricity and assembly lines, and then computerization.
The fourth industrial revolution is being led by the Internet of Things (IoT), which is leveraging the internet and computing
infrastructure to connect machines, appliances, and people.
 Smart Grid
Evaluating the profound
effects of our actions.

BlockChain
digital data structure, a shared
and distributed database that
contains a continuously
expanding log of transactions Big Data
and their chronological order. Collaboration, synergy, and
unity driving shared success.

IOT
sensors and actuators
connected by networks to
computing systems

Digital AR/VR/MR
Diverse perspectives,

Technologies
equitable opportunities,
fostering belonging together.
 IOT
Connected devices and sensors that monitor and manage various components of the electricity grid.

01 02 03 04
Real-Time Predictive Demand Energy
Monitoring Maintenance Response Efficiency
IoT sensors monitor IoT devices IoT-enabled Smart
grid performance, collect data on devices can thermostats,
equipment status, and the health and adjust energy lighting systems,
environmental performance of consumption and other IoT-
conditions in real-time, electrical based on real- enabled
providing critical data equipment, time pricing or appliances
for efficient grid enabling grid demand, optimize energy
management. predictive helping to use in homes and
maintenance and balance supply businesses.
reducing and demand.
downtime.
 BLOCKCHAIN
Distributed ledger technology used for secure and transparent energy transactions, such as peer-to-peer energy
trading.

01 02 03
Peer-to-Peer Energy Grid Supply Chain
Trading Management Management
Blockchain enables Blockchain Blockchain helps
secure and transparent technology in tracking the
peer-to-peer energy ensures the movement of
transactions, allowing secure and equipment and
consumers to buy and transparent materials within
sell excess energy recording of the electricity
directly. transactions and supply chain,
data, enhancing ensuring
grid reliability transparency
and security. and
accountability.

.
 Smart Grid

Real-Time Data and Demand Response Integration of

Analytics Renewables
Smart grids facilitate
Smart grids use advanced demand response Smart grids seamlessly
metering infrastructure and programs, adjusting energy integrate renewable energy
sensors to gather real-time use during peak times to sources, managing their
data, enabling better maintain grid stability and intermittent nature and
decision-making and grid efficiency. optimizing their
management. contribution to the grid.

The European Union defined the smart grid as electricity

networks that can intelligently integrate the actions of all users
connected to it –generators, consumers and those that do both –
in order to efficiently deliver sustainable, economic and secure Automated Outage
electricity supplies. Management
Smart grids quickly detect and
The U.S. defined the smart grid of future in a similar way that isolate faults, rerouting power
and reducing the duration and
incorporates the digital technology to improve reliability, impact of outages.

security and efficiency of the electric system through

information exchange, distributed generation and storage [Link]
resources for a fully automated power delivery network.
 Smart Meter Implementation
• A smart meter, in the context of a Smart Grid, is your home's connection between your electricity
needs and the rest of the grid.
• Smart meter is one of the most important devices used in the smart grid (SG).
• The smart meter is an advanced energy meter that obtains information from the end users' load
devices and measures the energy consumption of the consumers and then provides added
information to the utility company and/or system operator.
• A smart meter is an electronic device that records consumption of electric energy and
communicates that information to the utility for monitoring and billing.

[Link]
• Smart meters enable two-way communication between the meter and the central system and can
gather data for remote reporting.
 Big data refers to extremely large and diverse collections of structured, unstructured, and
BigData semi-structured data that continues to grow exponentially over time. These datasets are so
huge and complex in volume, velocity, and variety, that traditional data management
systems cannot store, process, and analyze them.

Predictive Customer
Load Forecasting Insight Grid Optimization
Maintenance
Analyzing historical Analyzing vast
Big data provides
and real-time data to Using big data amounts of data to
insights into
predict electricity analytics to predict optimize grid
consumer behavior
demand, helping equipment failures operations, balance
and usage patterns,
utilities optimize and optimize loads, and enhance
enabling
generation and maintenance overall efficiency.
personalized
distribution. schedules, reducing
services and
operational costs and
targeted energy
downtime.
efficiency programs.
The main procedure of data The huge amount of After preparation, the mathematical model can
analytics in smart grid is to data collected from be established through data mining techniques
extract valuable information smart meters and based on the clean data. With the input of real-
from historical data for sensors are arranged time measurements, the state status can be
guiding the operation and and stored with data evaluated in the derived model, which provides
maintenance with the management the possible schemes to guide practical actions
comparison to real-time data. techniques. and solve potential problems.
 Augmented Reality (AR): A real-world view with additional, computer-generated
enhancements.
AR/VR/MR Virtual Reality (VR): An interactive, computer-generated depiction of a real or artificial
world or activity.
Mixed Reality (MR): A blend of real-world and computer-generated elements, allowing
users to interact with both

Maintenance and Design and

Training and Planning Remote
Simulation Repair Assistance
VR/MR can simulate
AR/VR/MR provide AR can overlay digital AR allows experts to
new infrastructure
immersive training information onto provide remote guidance
projects, enabling
experiences for utility physical equipment, to field workers,
planners to visualize
workers, allowing them guiding technicians reducing the need for
and optimize designs
to practice complex through maintenance on-site visits and
before construction
procedures and and repair processes improving the efficiency
begins.
emergency responses in with real-time of troubleshooting and
a safe, controlled instructions and repairs.
environment. diagnostics.
VR - simulation of HYDROPOWER AUTOMATIC SYSTEM
AR
AR