ELASTIC AND INELASTIC
COLLISION
Prepared and presented by: DAGUMAN, NIKKI
PHILLINNE D.
STEM 12- Delphinus
COLLISION
When objects collide, they can either
stick together or bounce off one another,
remaining separate. In this section, we’ll
cover these two different types of collisions.
The term collision is likely to bring up
images of a car accident for an average
person.
ELASTIC COLLISION
The objects
separate after impact
and don’t lose any of
their kinetic energy,
leaving the system's
total kinetic energy
unchanged. After the
collision, the two
objects move
separately.
EXAMPLE OF AN ELASTIC COLLISION
• When a ball in billiards hits another ball
• When you throw a ball on the ground and it
bounces back to your hand, there is no net
change in kinetic energy, indicating that the
interaction is elastic.
ELASTIC COLLISION FORMULA OF
MOMENTUM
m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v’1 + m2v’2
Total Initial Momentum = Total Final Momentum
EXAMPLE PROBLEM:
GIVEN & REQUIRED E. S. A.
DIAGRAM
G. R. EQUATION, SOLUTION, ANSWER
to the right
to the right
The amount of force experienced by an
object during a collision is affected by the
collision time. The lesser the force exerted on
the item, the longer the collision time.
Similarly, the collision duration must be
extended in order to lessen the force. These
occurrences have various real-world
applications.
REMEMBER:
In all collisions, the initial and
final total momenta are equal. The
beginning and final total kinetic
energy are also identical in an
elastic collision between two
bodies, as are the initial and final
relative velocities. The total kinetic
energy following an inelastic two-
body collision is less than it was
before the collision. If the end
velocity of the two bodies is the
same, the collision is totally
inelastic.
INELASTIC COLLISION
Is one in which objects
stick together after impact,
and kinetic energy
is not conserved. This lack
of conservation means that
the forces between
colliding objects may
convert kinetic energy to
other forms of energy, such
as potential energy or
thermal energy.
INELASTIC
Inelastic Collision the total
momentum is conserved, but the total
kinetic energy is not.
- Inelastic Formula
Total Initial Momentum = Total Final Momentum
INELASTIC
= Mass of 1st body
= Mass of 2nd body
= Initial velocity of 1st body
= Initial velocity of the second body
= Final velocity of the first body
= Final velocity of the second body
-
Total Initial Kinetic Energy Total Final Kinetic Energy
Momentum may be utilized for studying
perfectly inelastic collisions. When two things
collide and move, such as the two football
players, A completely inelastic collision occurs
when two masses collide as one. Similarly, if a
meteorite collides with Earth, it gets buried.
The collision between Earth and the collision is
completely inelastic.
EXAMPLE PROBLEM:
A 1400 kg car moving
westward along CM Recto
Avenue at 35.0 kph collides
with a 2800 kg truck that is
going northward across the
avenue at 50.0 kph. If the two
vehicles become coupled on
collision, what are the
magnitude and direction of their
velocity after colliding? Neglect
frictional force between the
vehicles’ tires and the road.
X & Y- COMPONENT
PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM &
DIRECTION:
A crumple zone is an area where the
materials are assembled in such a way
that they collapse when the car is hit. Of
course, the entire car cannot be one
giant crumple zone—this would be
disastrous for the driver and passengers;
nevertheless, including crumple zones at
important spots may considerably lessen
the effect of the force that a car and its
occupants must bear in an accident.
DIFFERENCE OF ELASTIC AND INELASTIC
COLLISION
APPLY THE CONCEPT OF
RESTITUTION
COEFFICIENT IN
COLLSIONS
RESTITUTION COEFFICIENT
The restitution coefficient is a measure of how
much two objects bounce off each other when they
collide. It tells us how much of their energy is lost or
conserved in the collision. To calculate the
coefficient, we need to measure the objects'
velocities before and after the collision.
This involves measuring the relative velocities
of the objects before and after the collision and
using the formula:
RESTITUTION COEFFICIENT
= Restitution coefficient
= Initial velocity of the first object before the collision
= Initial velocity of the second object before the collision
= Final velocity of the first object after the collision
= Final velocity of the second object after the collision
A coefficient of 1 means that the collision is perfectly elastic, and
all of the energy is conserved. A coefficient of 0 means that the collision
is perfectly inelastic and all of the energy is lost.
Let’s imagine
that when the two
balls crashed
together they
splat, and after the
collision they
became ball again.
During the collision
they deform and
When you
'deform' anything by
colliding it with
something else (for
example, when you
bounce a basketball
on the ground), you
lose an amount of its
initial energy. As its
energy is transferred
to heat/vibrations, the
basketball bounces
We have a ball that's
dropping from a particular
height. By the time it
reaches the floor, it is
moving at 8
meters/second in a
downward direction. After
it hits the floor, it's
moving at 4
meters/second in an
upward direction. What
portion of the energy is
A ball dropped on a floor from a height of 1.5m bounces
back to a height of 0.85m. What is the coefficient of
restitution?
Answer:
CENTER OF MASS EXAMPLE
Two cars, 3 kg and 5 kg are at 4 m and 8 m
from the origin on X-axis. Locate the position
of center of mass of the two cars a. from the
origin and b. fromEquation:
3 kg mass.
Given:
CENTER OF MASS EXAMPLE
Solution and Answer:
CENTER OF MASS EXAMPLE
b.) To find the center of mass from
3kg mass: Equation:
Given:
CENTER OF MASS EXAMPLE
Solution and Answer:
IMPULSE
A 50 kg mass is sitting on a frictionless surface.
An unknown constant force pushes the mass for 2
seconds until the mass reaches a velocity of 3 m/s.
a.) What is the initial momentum of the mass?
b.) What is the final momentum of the mass?
c) What was the force acting on the mass?
d) What was the impulse acting on the mass?
DIAGRAM
v= 0 m/s
50 KG
F= ? N for 2s
50 KG
v= 3 m/s
50 KG
IMPULSE
A 50 kg mass is sitting on a frictionless surface.
An unknown constant force pushes the mass for 2
seconds until the mass reaches a velocity of 3 m/s.
𝑝=0
a.) What is the initial momentum of the 𝑘𝑔 𝑚 / 𝑠
mass?
𝑝=150 𝑘𝑔𝑚/𝑠
b.) What is the final momentum of the mass?
2
𝐹=75𝑘𝑔 𝑚/ 𝑠 =75 𝑁
c) What was the force acting on the mass?
𝐽 =150
d) What was the impulse acting on the mass? 𝑁 𝑠
MOMENTUM
The parking brake on a 1200kg automobile has broken, and the
vehicle has reached a momentum of 7800kgm/s. What is the velocity of
the vehicle?
V=?
Answer: 6.5 m/s
IMPULSE AND MOMENTUM
In a billiards game, one player hits the cue ball towards
another ball. The cue ball has a mass of 0.1kg and hits the
other ball with a velocity of 2m/s. If the collision is
completely elastic and the cue ball travels with a velocity
of 0.8m/s after the collision, what is the mass and velocity
of the other ball?
Answer:
Final velocity-
Mass of the second ball: 0.043 kg
IMPULSE AND MOMENTUM
Two sumo wrestlers are in a match. At the start of the match,
they both lunge at each other. They hit and miraculously
come to a stand still. One wrestler was 200kg and traveling
at a velocity of 2.3ms at the instance of collision. If the
other wrestler was traveling at 2.9ms, what is his mass?
Answer:
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