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Electric Potential Calculations Explained

The document discusses calculating electric potential for various charge distributions including a charged conducting sphere, oppositely charged parallel plates, an infinite line of charge, a ring of charge, and a uniformly charged disk. Formulas are provided for calculating potential due to each of these charge distributions.

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maha moh
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4 views7 pages

Electric Potential Calculations Explained

The document discusses calculating electric potential for various charge distributions including a charged conducting sphere, oppositely charged parallel plates, an infinite line of charge, a ring of charge, and a uniformly charged disk. Formulas are provided for calculating potential due to each of these charge distributions.

Uploaded by

maha moh
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Chapter 23

Electric potential lines


Learning Goals for Chapter 23.3
Looking forward at …
• how to calculate the electric potential for
• Charged conducting Surface
• Oppositely Charged Parallel Plate
• An Infinite line charged or Charged Conducting Cylinder
• A Ring of Charge
23.3 Electric potential and field of a charged conductor
• A solid conducting sphere of • The potential is the same at every
radius R has a total charge q. point inside the sphere and is equal
• The electric field inside the to its value at the surface.
sphere is zero everywhere.
Oppositely charged parallel plates
• The potential at any height y between the two large oppositely charged
parallel plates is 𝑉 =𝐸𝑦

Electric potential as a function of y


Calculating Potential for a Long Wire
Find the potential at a distance r from a very long line of a charge with a linear
charge density. Charge per unit length
To find the Electric potential V on a infinite line
First:

𝑏 𝑏
𝜆 𝑑𝑟
𝑉 𝑎 − 𝑉 𝑏=∫ 𝐸 𝑑𝑙=∫
𝑎 𝑎 2 𝜋 𝜀0 𝑟
𝜆 𝑟𝑏
𝑉 𝑎 →𝑏 = ln ⁡
2 𝜋 𝜀0 𝑟 𝑎 Choose V as Zero electric potential.
Charge Distribution on a Ring
Electric charge Q is distributed uniformly around a thin ring of radius “a”
Find the potential at a point P on the ring axis at a distance x form the center of the ring

𝑑𝑞=𝑎 𝜆𝑑 𝜙
𝑄
√ 𝑥 2 +𝑎2
𝑄
𝑉= Amount of charge
4 𝜋 𝜀𝑜 𝑥 When
At this portion of Ring

𝑑𝑞=𝑎 𝜆𝑑 𝜙
Voltage for Charge Over Disk
Voltage at point P due to charge Distribution over disk of radius R

𝑟
𝑑𝑞 𝑄
𝑉 =∫ 𝑘
0 𝑟
𝑑𝑞=𝜎 𝑟𝑑𝑟𝑑 ∅ 𝜎=
𝜋𝑅
2

𝑅
𝜎 𝑟𝑑𝑟𝑑 ∅
𝑉 =∫ 𝑘
0 √ 𝑅2 + 𝑥 2 Need integration

in calculation for Voltage we need to do some approximation

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