Exposition
Hanif Maghfur Darussalam
UPT Bahasa UNS
The Definition
• An analytical exposition is a type of spoken or
written text that is intended to persuade the
listeners or readers that something is the case. To
make the persuasion stronger, the speaker or writer
gives some arguments as the fundamental reasons
why something is the case.
• This type of text can be found in scientific books,
journals, magazines, newspaper articles, academic
speech or lectures, research report etc. Analytical
expositions are popular among science, academic
community and educated people.
Generic Structure
• The generic structure of analytical exposition
usually has three components:
1. Thesis
2. Arguments
3. Reiteration/Conclusion
Generic Structure of
Analytical Exposition
1. Thesis: Introduces the topic and shows speaker
or writer’s position;
Outlines of the arguments are presented.
2. Arguments: It consists of Point and Elaboration
Point, states the main argument
Elaboration, develops and supports each point of
argument
3. Conclusion: Reiteration (restatement), restates
speaker or writer’s position
Generic Features of
Analytical Exposition
• An analytical exposition focuses on generic human
and non human participants.
• It uses mental processes. It is used to state what the
writer or speaker thinks or feels about something.
For example: realize, feel etc.
• It uses emotive and evaluative words
• It often needs material processes. It is used to state
what happens, e.g. ….has polluted… etc.
• It usually uses Simple Present Tense and Present
Perfect Tense.
• Enumeration is sometimes necessary to show the
list of given arguments: Firstly, secondly …,
Finally, etc.
Example of Exposition Text :
“Global Warming”
Thesis
(1) Global warming is a natural phenomenon in
which the average temperature of Earth’s atmosphere
increases. (2) Scientists state that this phenomenon is
caused by rising levels of heat-trapping gases, known
as greenhouse gases, in the atmosphere. (3) I think we
have to anticipate the unexpected effects brought
about by this climate change.
Argument 1
(4) In a warmer world, it is predicted that more
people will get sick or die from heat stress. (5) More
frequent and intense heat waves will further contribute
to this trend. (6) At the same time, there will be some
decreases in the number of cold-related deaths. (7)
Diseases such as malaria, now found in the tropics and
transmitted by mosquitoes and other animal hosts, are
projected to widen their range as these animal hosts
move into regions formerly too cold for them.
Argument 2
(8) Similarly, plants and animals will find it difficult
to escape from or adjust to the effects of global
warming. (9) Scientists have already observed shifts in
the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as
flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in
the spring. (10) Many species have begun shifting
where they live or their annual migration patterns due to
warmer temperatures
Argument 3
(11) Global warming may also affect agricultural production.
(12) Farming regions such as California’s Central Valley that
bring in irrigation water from distant mountains may suffer as the
winter snowpack, which functions as a natural reservoir, melts
before the peak growing months. (13) Crops and woodlands may
also be afflicted by more insects and plant diseases. (14)
Agricultural areas will need to adapt to changing conditions, such
as by shifting the types of crops grown or investing in drought-
tolerant or heat-tolerant varieties.
Conclusion
(15) No one argues that global warming has
become a big problem in the future. (16) We need to
find a rapid and proper solution to this; otherwise, we
will suffer from diseases and other forms of
disorders.