Module VII - Clean Premises
Spiritual Values
Service & Enthusiasm
KNOWLEDGE OBJECTIVES:
1. Describe and perform general housekeeping procedures
incorporating Occupational Health and Services and Wellness
(OHS & W)
2. Explain and demonstrated on how to service guestrooms
incorporating OHS & W practices in all aspects.
3. Classify the types of floors and apply the cleaning process
properly
4. Recognized the different cleaning supplies and chemicals and
understood the usage of different cleaning supplies, tools and
chemicals.
MODULE OUTLINE
• Types of Floor Cleaning and Maintenance
• Cleaning and Maintenance of Resilient Floors
• Care and Maintenance of Hard Floors
• Cleaning and Maintenance of Wooden and Parquet Floors
• Types of Carpet Stains
• Floor Cleaning Process
• Stripping/Wet Scrubbing Procedures
• Floor Polishing Procedures
• Cleaning of Vinyl Floors
• Carpet Shampooing and Spot Removal
• Maintaining Floors-Daily Routine Procedures
• How to Keep Floor Safe
3
Surface Cleaning
Surface covering may be classified as:
1. Resilient are made of synthetic rubber, vinyl,
wood and carpeting
2. Non-resilient – ceramic, marble/terrazzo, epoxy,
and concrete
= according to their hardness
Cleaning and maintenance of floors and walls
depends on the composition of the surface’s
material.
TYPES OF FLOORS
Types of Floors Daily Maintenance
1. Hard floors Sweep - daily
a. Marble and cemented floors Damp mopping - as needed
b. Mixed – like: pebbles, crazy cut, Plain polishing - daily
etc. Stripping and finishing - periodically
Brushing with a push brush
Wet mopping
2. Vinyl/resilient floors Sweeping - daily
Damp mopping - as needed
Spray buffing and polishing - as needed
Vacuuming of corners - daily
3. Wood and parquet Sanding - initial application
Sweep - daily
Spray buffing and polishing - as needed
Vacuuming of corners - daily
Parquet is a geometric mosaic of wood pieces used for decorative effect in flooring.
Types of floor Cleaning and Maintenance
Types of floor cleaning Equipment Needed
1. Sweeping – removing dirt and trash from floor Soft broom
Stick broom
Carpet sweeper
2. Dust mopping – dusting away dirt on floors Dry mop
3. Damp mopping – mopping the floor with lightly Mop
wet mop to clear the floor from dirt and soil Mop wringer
4. Spray buffing – spraying the floor with buff Sprayer
finish to retouch and to keep the gloss Buff finish
Steel wool
Nylon pads
5. Plain polishing – retouching the shine of the Floor polisher
floor
6. Floor stripping – requires application of Finishing solution
stripping solution Mop
[Link] Mop wringer
Types of floor Cleaning and Maintenance continued…
Types of floor cleaning Equipment Needed
7. Finishing floors - performed on the floors that Paste/liquid wax
are stripped of old wax and dirt and sealed for Floor polisher
protection. Finishing is accomplished through
the application of wax or floor shine and
polishing thereafter using floor polisher.
8. Extraction – process of extracting deeply Carpet extractor
embedded dirt and soil in carpet especially
those in inner layers that cannot be removed
by shampooing
9. Wet mopping – mopping the floor using highly Mop
wet (but not dripping) mop Mop wringer
[Link] scrubbing – scrubbing the floor with Scrub
coconut husk or a scrubber after the
application of a floor finish or wax
[Link] – elimination of embedded dirt Vacuum cleaner
on floors using a vacuum cleaner Hydro –vac (wet and
dry surfaces)
7
Surface Cleaning continued…
Surface must be preserved from
deterioration as much as possible by
protecting them from wear and tear.
Once the surface shows signs of
wearing away, it must be redone to
bring it back to its original state.
8
Surface Cleaning continued…
The first to redo floors is to remove the
worn out finish or Stripping.
Commercial floors are stripped using
stripping solution mixed with water and
scrubbing the surface with a rotary
floor machine, mixture is picked up
with a wet vacuum or mop and bucket
and the floor rinsed with clean water.
9
Surface Cleaning continued…
The floor dries, porous surfaces are treated with a sealer to
protect them from wear and tear and liquid spills.
The last step is to apply a finish to the surface to make it
slip resistant and give the floor a glossy, shiny look.
Finished surfaces are maintained by polishing them with
rotary floor machines which clean, buff, burnish the floor
with different types of pads
10
Synthetic Rubber Floors
Synthetic Rubber Floors – are nonporous and
therefore waterproof.
= Liquids containing oil, solvent, or grease
may cause the material to crack and
deteriorate.
= easy to maintain
= they just require mopping to keep them
clean
= cleaning solution used should be pH neutral
11
Synthetic Rubber Floors
= alkalies and acids would mar (spoil)
surface
= do not require sealing
= can be kept shiny by buffing with a
water emulsion floor polish.
= when wax or dirt buildup is
embedded in the finish, floor should be
stripped with a mild de-waxer
12
Vinyl
Vinyl – nonporous surfaces resistant to
most chemical spills.
= If materials is treated with special
seals when made, it can be resistant
to scratches and abrasions.
= No-wax vinyl surfaces do not need
sealing, stripping or finishing
13
Vinyl continued…
= Conventional vinyl can be treated with
solvent-based waxes and buffed to a
rich luster.
= Wax buildup can be removed with a
mild de-waxing stripper.
= dusting and daily mop-and-rinse will
remove most dirt and grime
14
Wood floors
Wood floors – are porous
= must be well sealed to prevent stain-
the surface need to be sanded to
remove the mark.
= can be damaged by mobile equipment
with metal rollers and by moving heavy
furniture without protecting the surface.
15
Wood floors continued…
= surface can be treated with a
combination sealer/finish made of
waterborne polyurethane.
= when properly sealed and
finished it require an occasional
buffing to keep them shiny
16
Carpets
Carpets – the best prevention for carpet
deterioration is adequate protection
= placing walk-off mats in doorways and
plastic runners over the most high-traffic
sections of the carpet will lengthen its life
and save labor hours in cleaning and
maintenance.
= daily vacuuming is probably the best
way to extend their lives.
17
Carpets continued…
= marks and stains can be removed by bonnet cleaning, by
which carpet shampoo is sprayed on the surface to be
treated and a rotary floor machine equipped with a bonnet
is passed over until the stains are removed.
= when surface are heavily soiled, deep cleaning is
necessary.
= heavy soils can be treated using water extractors that
automatically apply the cleaning solution and pick up with
wet vacuum system that recovers water and soil in a
holding tank.
18
Carpets continued…
Carpet should be clean with hot
water, except for wool fabrics that
require cold water.
= dry foam and dry powder
methods are less effective than
water extractors, but it takes less
time to dry so the area can be
used sooner if necessary.
19
Carpets continued…
= antimicrobial solution is applied
regularly to prevent the growth of
bacteria and fungi
= antistatic spray to eliminate static
electricity caused by low humidity or
high winds
= fluorochemical treatments that resist
soiling and prevent spills from becoming
hard-to-remove stains
Three types of Carpet Stain
1. Group A – (soft drink, alcohol, candy, urine, excrement and
starches)
• Sponge the spill lightly with cool water and wipe with sponge or tissue paper
• For stubborn stains, sponge a detergent solution rinse with clean water, blot
with dry paper towels; and completely dry, and brush up with the affected
areas.
2. Group B – (Ink, face creams, butter and other oily or greasy
substances)
• Remove or blot up the spilled substance, working from the edge towards the
center to avoid spreading the spill.
• For scraping, use a spoon or a dull side of the knife. Sponge the affected area
with cleaning fluid and brush off.
3. Group C – (Stains in Group A and B and includes shoe polish,
coffee, vomit, blood and crayon)
• Blot up or scrap the spilled substance. Then sponge the detergent solution. If
the stain remains after the area is dry, use cleaning fluid.
21
Upholstered surfaces
Upholstered surfaces – can be spot-cleaned with most of
the same products used on carpets.
= machines with special attachments are needed to apply
the spot removers to narrow surfaces.
Some spotters are fortified with enzymes to treat organic
compounds; tougher soils such as crayon, fresh paint, ink,
and gum, require solvent formulas to dissolve the stains
22
Ceramic floors
Ceramic floors – are very resistant to water spills and easy
to clean, they are quite common in bathroom and kitchen.
= usually, the terracotta that forms the tiles is covered with
a glossy coat that makes the surface 100 percent
waterproof.
= disadvantage is, very slippery when wet.
= surfaces are cleaned by sweeping and damp mopping.
=sealing or finishing of ceramic floor is not necessary,
except for the grout between the tiles.
23
Marble/Terrazzo Floors
Marble – is a crystalline limestone
that is capable of taking a polish.
Terrazzo – is a floor material of
broken stone (marble or granite
chips) and cement that can be also
easily lustered.
= sensitive to oils and acid and
alkaline cleaners.
24
Marble/Terrazzo Floors continued…
=mild detergent is needed to keep
them clean
= they are porous –need to be
sealed
= alkaline products are avoided
when stripped
= surfaces can be burnished to
obtain a mirrorlike finish.
25
Epoxy floors
Epoxy floors – are synthetic materials that
are durable, abrasion-resistant, and easy
to maintain.
= alkaline compound diluted in water is
used to clean.
=can be kept shiny with light finish
application.
= alkaline products are needed to strip the
finish
26
Concrete floors
Concrete floors – made with a mixture of cement and sand.
= are usually used as outdoor surfaces, such as driveways,
loading docks, and poolside areas.
= cleaning is done by sweeping and hosing with water.
= porous compound that should be sealed to prevent liquid
stains from seeping into it.
= urethane-fortified products resist water and help protect
against graffiti (scratch/writings).
= alkaline product diluted in water is required to strip the
sealer.
Floor Cleaning Process
• Stripping – is the elimination of embedded dirt, oil and old
layers of floor finish and sealer.
• Sealing – smoothen rough surface, scratches and other
types of floor abuse thereby enhancing their appearance.
• Finishing – floor is finished with the application of coats of
wax to make it appear glossy and appealing to the eyes.
• Maintaining – for quality maintenance, the floor must be
retouched and buffed to remove embedded dirt and heel
marks.
• Buffing not only clean the floor but also prevent dirt from
penetrating and sticking to the finish.
Protecting the Floor
• Apply a full, uniform coat of over and under sealer with clean
mop.
• Allow a sealer to dry for at least 30 minutes, drying time
depends on the condition of the floor.
• Apply a second coat of sealer for better protection and
durability, but only after the first coat is completely dry.
• Let the floor dry thoroughly.
• Apply a full, uniform coat on stride floor finish using a
separate clean mop.
• Allow the floor to dry for at least 30 minutes.
• Apply a second coat of stride for higher gloss but only after
coat is completely dry.
• Let the floor dry thoroughly (dry to the touch)
Maintaining Floors-Daily Routine
• Sweep the floor with broom, dust mop, or treated cloth to
remove loose dirt, and litter.
• Mix 1 part of cleaning solution with about 4 parts of water.
Use a higher dilution if the area will be disinfected.
• Spread the cleaning solution over the floor with a mop,
using a wet but not dripping mop. Let the solution penetrate
on floors for about 2 minutes. For better result, use hot
water for diluting.
• Spray buff regularly with buffing chemicals. Spray 2-3 squirt
on the floor the buff to restore the shine.
• Sweep the floor with a broom or collect dust using a
vacuum cleaner
• Damp mop the floor regularly with a cleaning agent.
Keeping Floors Safe
• Floor should be kept clean
• Clear floors of objects that should not be there like toys,
hairs, coins, rubber band, paper clips and similar articles
• Throw rags should anchor down.
• Arrange the furniture in each room in such manner as to
leave enough clear space for traffic areas.
• Never use oiled chemically treated mop for cleaning floors
that are waxed with solvent-base waxes.
• Follow directions carefully when using wax. Buffing waxes
should be applied on thin, even coat polished to hard, dry
lustre. The drier and harder the surface, the safer it is.
31
Surface Cleaning
In general, grease and dirt acidic in nature
and they are best cleaned with alkaline
products. The more grease and dirt on the
surface, the more alkalinity is needed in the
cleaning compound to treat the area.
When light soils are present, particularly on
highly polished floors, a neutral product
required (pH range 7 to 8). The higher the
pH, the more likely the floor polish will
damaged
References
• Francia, I. & Vizconde, A. M. 2021. Housekeeping
Operations. EDRIC Publishing House.
• Osorno, R. & Bajao G. 2020. Fundamentals in Lodging
Operations Laboratory Manual. Wiseman’s Book Trading,
Inc.