ENGINEERING
GRAPHICS
INTRODUCTION
Engineering Drawing
Engineering Drawing is the
language of Engineers.
It is a graphical language
used for effective
communication among
engineers.
ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
Graphical representation
of an object containing
details like shape, size
etc., is called as
Engineering Graphics.
CODES AND CONVENTIONS
CODES APPLICATION
IS:9609 (Part 1)-1983 Lettering : English characters
IS: 10711 – 1983 Sizes of drawing sheet
IS: 10713 – 1983 Scales for use in drawings
IS: 11664 – 1986 Folding of drawing sheets
IS: 11665 – 1984 Technical Drawing Title blocks
IS: 11669 – 1986 Principles of Dimensioning
SP 46 : 1988 Engineering drawing practice
for Colleges
DRAFTING TOOLS
1. Drawing Board
2. Mini drafter or T- square
3. Drawing Instrument box
4. Drawing Pencils
5. Eraser
6. Templates
7. Set squares
8. Protractor
9. Scale Set
10. French curves
11. Drawing clips
12. Duster piece of cloth or brush)
13. Sand-paper or emery sheet
block
14. Drawing sheet
Drawing Board (IS 1444 : 1989)
Standard Size : 650mm x 470mm
Mini Drafter
T- Square
Drawing Instrument Box
Drawing Pencils
TYPES OF PENCILS
Drawing Pencils
Micro tip Pencil
Templates
Set Squares
Protractor with Pro circles
French Curves
Drawing Sheets (IS 10711 : 2001)
* A2 Size is preferred
** A3 Size is preferred for practice &
examination
Designation Dimension, mm
Trimmed size
A0 841 x 1189
A1 594 x 841
A2 * 420 x 594
A3 ** 297 x 420
A4 210 x 297
Sand Paper (or)
Emery sheet Block
Layout of Trimmed
Drawing Sheet
Title Block
Types of Lines and their Applications
[IS 10714 (Part 20) :2001]
LETTERING [IS 9609 – 2001]
SIZE OF LETTERS
LETTERING PRACTICE
DIMENSIONING
ELEMENTS OF DIMENSIONING
Arrow heads
TYPES
a) Open type
b) Closed type
c) Closed filled
d) Oblique stroke
SYMBOLS FOR SHAPE INDICATION
R : Radius Square
SR: Spherical Radius = Diameter
METHODS OF DIMENSIONING
METHOD – I
Note: Only one method should
be used on a drawing.
METHOD – II
ANGULAR DIMENSIONS
ARRANGEMENT OF DIMENSIONS
CHAIN DIMENSIONING
PARALLEL DIMENSIONING
COMBINED DIMENSIONING
Illustration of Principles of
Dimensioning
1. Place the dimensions outside the
views.
2. Place the dimension value above
the horizontal line near the middle.
3. Dimensioning a vertical line
4. When an overall dimension is
shown, one of the intermediate
dimensions should not be given.
5. Arrange a chain of dimensions
in a continuous line.
6. Arrowheads should touch the
projection lines.
7. Centre line should not be used
as a dimension line.
8. Do not repeat the same
dimension in different views.
9. Indicate the depth of the hole
as notes written horizontally.
10. Diameter and radius symbols
should be placed before the
values.
Dimensioning (Example-1)
Read the dimensioned drawing shown in
fig. Redraw the same to full size and
dimension it as per Indian Standards.
Mistakes in the given drawing
1. A number of dimensions are placed inside the
drawing.
2. Some dimension lines cross some other
dimension lines.
3. Diameter of the holes is not indicated properly.
4. Centre lines of the holes are not shown
properly.
5. Extensions of outlines of the drawing are used
as dimension lines which is not permissible.
6. The dimensions inside the drawing are not
given from a base line or the centre line of
holes.
7. Some horizontal dimension lines are broken
for placing dimension values. This is not
correct.
Figure with correct dimensions
Dimensioning (Example -2)
Read the dimensioned drawing shown in
fig. Redraw it to full size and dimension it
as per Indian Standards.
Mistakes in dimensioning
1. Arrangement of dimensions is not proper.
They are arranged in a stepped manner.
2. Dimension for the radius is not shown
properly.
3. Dimension for the hole is not written in the
correct form.
4. Placing of vertical dimensions is not uniform.
5. Some dimension figures are not placed
above the dimension lines.
6. Centre lines for the holes are not drawn
properly.
7. There is gap between projection lines and
outlines of the drawing which is not
acceptable.
Figure with correct dimensions