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History of Transistor Growth and Impact

The document discusses the history of integrated circuits starting with the first flip-flop built with two transistors in 1958 and growing exponentially to microprocessors containing billions of transistors by 2008, representing an unprecedented annual growth rate of 53% over 50 years, fueled by steady miniaturization and manufacturing improvements.

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shilpa
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11 views3 pages

History of Transistor Growth and Impact

The document discusses the history of integrated circuits starting with the first flip-flop built with two transistors in 1958 and growing exponentially to microprocessors containing billions of transistors by 2008, representing an unprecedented annual growth rate of 53% over 50 years, fueled by steady miniaturization and manufacturing improvements.

Uploaded by

shilpa
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Module 1

Introduction
A Brief History
• In 1958, Jack Kilby built the first integrated circuit
flip-flop with two transistors at Texas Instruments.
• In 2008, Intel’s Itanium microprocessor contained
more than 2 billion transistors and a 16 GB Flash
memory contained more than 4 billion transistors.
• This corresponds to a compound annual growth
rate of 53% over 50 years. No other technology in
history has sustained such a high growth rate
lasting for so long.
Continued…

• This incredible growth has come from steady


miniaturization of transistors and improvements
in manufacturing processes.
• Most other fields of engineering involve tradeoffs
between performance, power, and price.
• However, as transistors become smaller, they also
become faster, dissipate less power, and are
cheaper to manufacture.
• This synergy has not only revolutionized
electronics, but also society at large.

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