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Overview of Distributed Computing Systems

This document introduces the topic of distributed computing systems. It defines a distributed system as a collection of connected computers that can work on independent or shared problems simultaneously. Distributed systems range from tightly coupled multiprocessor systems to more loosely coupled systems where computers may be managed separately and communicate more slowly. An example of an inherently distributed computation is maintaining Internet routing tables, as parts of this computation must occur at physically separate locations across different administrations on the millions of computers that make up the Internet.

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7 views10 pages

Overview of Distributed Computing Systems

This document introduces the topic of distributed computing systems. It defines a distributed system as a collection of connected computers that can work on independent or shared problems simultaneously. Distributed systems range from tightly coupled multiprocessor systems to more loosely coupled systems where computers may be managed separately and communicate more slowly. An example of an inherently distributed computation is maintaining Internet routing tables, as parts of this computation must occur at physically separate locations across different administrations on the millions of computers that make up the Internet.

Uploaded by

ARun YadAv
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Introduction

TCS-801 Distributed Computing Systems


(Slides include materials from Operating System Concepts, 7th ed., by Silbershatz, Galvin, & Gagne, Distributed Systems: Principles & Paradigms, 2nd ed. By Tanenbaum and Van Steen, and Modern Operating Systems, 2nd ed., by Tanenbaum)

CS-4513 D-term 2008

Introduction

What is Distributed Computing?

CS-4513 D-term 2008

Introduction

Distributed System
Collection of computers that are connected together and (sometimes) interact Many independent problems at same time
Similar Different

Or
One very big problem (or a small number)

Computations that are physically separated


Client-server Inherently dispersed computations
CS-4513 D-term 2008 Introduction 3

Distributed Computing Spectrum


Many independent computations at same time
Similar e.g., banking & credit card; airline reservations Different e.g., university computer center; your own PC

Or
One very big problem (or a few)

Computations that are physically separated


Client-server Inherently dispersed computations

CS-4513 D-term 2008

Introduction

Multiprocessing Distributed Computing (a spectrum)


Many independent problems at same time
Similar e.g., banking & credit card; airline reservations Different e.g., university computer center; your own PC

Or
One very big problem (too big for one computer)
Weather modeling, Finite element analysis; Drug discovery; Gene modeling; Weapons simulation; etc.

Computations that are physically separated


Client-server Inherently dispersed computations

CS-4513 D-term 2008

Introduction

Observation
Same spectrum applies to multiprocessor systems
Much more tightly coupled that traditional distributed systems

Some differences
Multiprocessor systems
Usually under same management, often in same room Very fast communication

Distributed systems
Sometimes not under same management Slower communication
CS-4513 D-term 2008 Introduction 6

Observation
Same spectrum applies to multiprocessor systems
Much more tightly coupled that traditional distributed systems

Some differences
Multiprocessor systems
Usually under same management Very fast communication

Distributed systems
Sometimes not under same management Slower communication
CS-4513 D-term 2008 Introduction 7

Lets look at an example


An inherently distributed computation
I.e., parts of the computation must occur at physically separate locations Under separate administrations

Internet routing tables

CS-4513 D-term 2008

Introduction

The Internet
A vast collection of independent computers
~ 600 106

All connected together Any computer can send a message to any other Messages broken up into little packets Question: how do packets find their way to destinations?
CS-4513 D-term 2008 Introduction 9

Internet

CS-4513 D-term 2008

Introduction

10

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