PRESENT SIMPLE
PRESENT SIMPLE
• Grammar structure Simple present in the affirmative
Subject + verb + complement
• Examples: We present the results tomorrow. (Mañana presentamos los
resultados.)
She travels with her cats. (Ella viaja con sus gatos.)
PRESENT SIMPLE
• Grammar structure Simple present in the Negative
.Sujeto + do/does not + verbo + complemento
Examples:
• She doesn’t like fast food. (A ella no le gusta la comida rápida.)
• They don’t celebrate birthdays. (Ellos no celebran cumpleaños.)
PRESENT SIMPLE
• Grammar structure Simple present in the interrogative
Do/does (not) + sujeto + verbo + complemento + ?
Examples
• Does Carl travel by car? (¿Viaja Carl en auto)
• Don’t they know the rules of the game? (¿No conocen las reglas del juego?)
RULES FOR THE THIRD PERSON OF THE
PRESENT SIMPLE
• To form the third person singular in the present simple we add an –s to the end of the
word.
• Examples
• He likes to play soccer. (Le gusta jugar fútbol soccer)
• She wants a chocolate milkshake. (Ella quiere una malteada de chocolate)
RULES FOR THE THIRD PERSON OF THE
PRESENT SIMPLE
• There are 4 rules of the present simple. The first two affect the third person, while the last
two affect all subjects and conjugations.
• Verbs in the simple present tense in the affirmative form have an -s added at the end. In
the negative and interrogative forms they do not have -s.
• With verbs whose ending is –o, -sh, -ch, -ss, -x, -z, –es is added.
EXAMPLES
VERBS WITH –Y ENDING
• For verbs ending in -y, if the y is preceded by a vowel, we add the –s to the end of the
word as in the previous case.
• If, however, the y is preceded by a consonant, the –y must be replaced by the ending -ies.
• Examples:
• She enjoys the time with her sister. (Ella disfruta el tiempo con su hermana)
• Marc cries with romantic movies. (Marc llora con películas románticas)
VERBS WITH –Y ENDING
• For verbs ending in –y, this last letter is changed to –i + -es.
• Verbs ending in –y have another exception. If there is a vowel before said last letter, the –
y is kept and –s is added at the end.
VERBS WITH PARTICULAR ENDING
• When we have verbs ending in -ss, -x, -sh, or -ch, we proceed to add the ending -es to the
end of the word.
• Examples:
• The dog catches the ball. (El perro atrapa la pelota)
• My brother fixes the car himself. (Mi hermano arregla el carro él mismo)
SUBJECT AND
PREDICATE
THE SUBJECT
• The subject is the portion of the sentence that is responsible for the action. For example,
in the sentence The dog barked last night, the dog is responsible for the action barking.
Therefore, the subject of the sentence is the dog.
• Write an example with a subject responsible for the sentence
PREDICATE
• To identify the predicate of the sentence, look for the statement about the subject.
For example, let's look at the sentence "John went home."
("John went home.")
John is the subject so went home It is the predicate
PREDICATE
• Identify what the predicate is
• He finished his homework.
• She was hit by the ball.
• It is in Europe.
• It is fun.
• It is terrible.
• It is in the room.
• Stand up.
SIMPLE PREDICATE
• The predicate can be a single word:
Jack left = Left
Or it can be a KEY word and some additional words:
• Jack left the house.
That KEY word is called a simple predicate.
COMPOUND PREDICATE
• A compound predicate is a predicate that is made up of two or more simple predicates
connected by conjunctions such as and, but, or. Note that simple predicates may have
additional words that describe them. The important thing is that when you find more than
one simple predicate in the predicate of a sentence - you have a compound predicate.
EXAMPLES
• Sarah baked some cookies.
• Sarah made some coffee
• Sarah baked some cookies and made some coffee.
• George will choose the color and paint the wall
• Martin lives in Italy and works in a school.
• She knew the truth but refused to talk about it.
• They waited for a while and then returned home.