Problem-1

Geological data for Well# C-23-I of MR

Expected formation tops and pressures

SR.N Formation Form. Top Form. Pressures

O Type (m) In ksc Ppg (mwe)

1 Mahim 1650 165 HYD.

2 Daman 2065 206 HYD.
3 Mahuva 2420 440 15.0
4 Panna 3345 669 16.7
5 H5 4150 834 16.7
6 Palaeocene 4200 845 16.8
Carbonate
7 Basement 4490 904 16.8
 Fracture Gradient Prediction –

Depth(ft.) Depth(M) Depth(M) Avg. Overburde Estimate Poisson’ Frac.

- KB -KB below density of n Grad. d pore s ratio grad.
MSL sediment (ppg) pressure (Eaton’s) (ppg)
s (ppg) grad.

0 0
Mud line 53 0
502 153 100 16.56 12.10 8.50 0.244 9.66
1,158 353 300 16.80 14.83 8.50 0.28 10.96
1,814 553 500 16.98 15.71 8.50 0.32 11.89
2,470 753 700 17.13 16.18 8.50 0.35 12.64
3,126 953 900 17.27 16.51 8.50 0.37 13.21
3,782 1153 1100 17.39 16.76 8.50 0.38 13.56
4,436 1353 1300 17.50 16.96 8.50 0.395 14.03
5,094 1553 1500 17.61 17.14 8.50 0.405 14.38
5,750 1753 1700 17.72 17.29 8.50 0.415 14.74
6,406 1953 1900 17.81 17.43 8.50 0.428 15.18
7,062 2153 2100 17.91 17.56 8.50 0.429 15.30
7,718 2353 2300 18.00 17.67 8.80 0.43 15.49
7,970 2430 2377 18.03 17.72 8.80 0.431 15.56
8,134 2480 2427 18.05 17.75 14.80 0.433 17.05
Depth(ft.)- Depth(M Depth(M Avg. Overburde Estimate Poisson’ Frac.
KB )-KB ) below density n Grad. d pore s ratio grad.
MSL of (ppg) pressure (Eaton’s (ppg)
sediment grad. )
s (ppg)
8,134 2480 2427 18.05 17.75 14.80 0.433 17.0
5
8,298 2530 2477 18.07 17.77 15.70 0.435 17.3
0
8,462 2580 2527 18.10 17.80 15.90 0.44 17.3
9
8,626 2630 2577 18.12 17.83 16.10 0.442 17.4
7
8,954 2730 2677 18.16 17.88 16.40 0.44 17.5
6
9,282 2830 2777 18.20 17.93 16.50 0.445 17.6
5
9,938 3030 2977 18.26 18.03 16.50 0.45 17.7
5
11,578 3530 3477 18.47 18.25 16.60 0.456 17.9
9
13,218 4030 3977 18.66 18.46 16.70 0.455 18.1
7
14,858 4530 4477 18.83 18.65 16.90 0.46 18.3
9
Problem: Design 13 3/8” Intermediate casing with following inputs:

13 3/8” Intermediate casing

Casing setting depth = 2460m

Mud weight at 2460m = 14.3ppg (1.71 g/cc)
Fracture gradient at 2460m = 17.5ppg (2.10 g/cc)
Next Casing shoe depth = 3200 m
Formation pressure at next TD = 16.5 ppg (1.98 g/cc)
Mud wt at next TD = 16.9 ppg (2.03 g/cc)
 Solution of Problem-1

The 13 3/8” casing setting depth as per casing seat selection is decided to be put
at the top of high pressure zone ( Mahuva formation ) at the depth of 2460 M.
For designing this casing following assumptions are made-
COLLAPSE – Here, as no mud loss zone is predicted in the interval from 2460M
– 3200 M , the concept of total mud loss is not considered. .The assumption
made in this case is mud level will be decreasing inside the casing till it is
balanced by salt water hydrostatic column against the shoe.
BURST - Assumptions made for calculating the burst loading is , a kick is
encountered from next hole section T.D. and casing (inside) is completely
unloaded by gas. Under this circumstance burst pressure at surface is
calculated.

Casing setting depth = 2460m

Mud weight at 2460M = 14.3 ppg (1.71 g/cc)
Formation pressure at 2470 m = 13.93 ppg
Fracture gradient at 2460M = 17.5 ppg (2.10 g/cc)
Next shoe Target Depth = 3200 m
Formation pressure at next TD = 16.5 ppg (1.98 g/cc)
Mud weight up to 3200 M = 16.9 ppg (2.03 gm. / cc)
 For collapse –

External pressure = 1.71 x 2460

10
= 420.66 ksc
Equilibrium level = 1.07 x 2460
2.03
= 1296.65 m ≈ 1297 m
From surface, Depth = 2460 – 1297
= 1163 m
Now internal pressure due to column of 1297m of mud at 2460m = 1297 X 2.03
10

= 263 ksc
Resultant collapse at 2460 m = (420.66 – 263)
= 157.66 ksc

Resultant collapse at 1163m = 1163 X 1.71

10
= 198.87 ksc
 For Burst –

Formation pressure at next hole section TD = 1.98 g/cc

Next hole section TD = 3200 m
Formation pressure at 3200 m Pf = 1.98 x 3200
10
= 633.85 ksc
Considering a kick from 3200 m,
Surface pressure Ps = 633.85/ e 0.65x0.0001138x3200

= 500.34 ksc
Saline water back up at shoe (2460m) = 1.07 X 2460
10
= 263.22 ksc
Now,
Draw internal load line with Ps and Pf,
Draw the back up load line
Burst at shoe = 500.34 + ( 633.85 – 500.34 ) x 2460
3200
= 602.97 ksc
 Resultant burst load at
Surface = 500.34 ksc
At shoe = 340 ksc
From the collapse and burst load requirement, the 13 3/8” casing selected
is
Q-125, 72 PPF, BTC having
Rated Collapse resistance = 208 ksc

Rated Burst resistance = 592 ksc

Rated Tensile resistance = 1118 T

Drift diameter = 12.191”

Design safety factors in –
Collapse = 208 / 184.66 = 1.126 > 1.125 ( Safe )

Burst = 592 / 500.34 = 1.18 > 1.1 ( Safe )

Weight of the casing = 72 x 2460 x 1.488 = 263.55 T

1000
Tension = 1118 tons = 4.24 > 1.8 ( Safe )
263.55
Hence the casing selected is 13 3/8”, Q-125, 72
PPF, BTC .
But it is observed that the drift diameter Of the
above casing is 12.191” ( i.e. less than 12.25”) so
the casing must be specially drifted to 12.259” for
drilling the next phase with 12 ¼” bit.
 0 500

Resultant line

Internal load line

Back up line

2460 236 340 603

Depth
3200 633
Pressure (kg/cm )----
2

FIG-1: Burst load line

 0

157.32
920

depth
Resultant collapse pressure
Internal External pressure
pressure

2460 263
157.32 420

Pressure(Kg/cm2)--------

FIG-2: Collapse Load line

 Problem-2
Geological data for Well# C-23-I
of MR
Expected formation tops and
pressures
SR.N Formation Type Form. Top Form. Pressures
O (m) ksc Ppg(mwe)

1 Mahim 1650 165 HYD.

2 Daman 2065 206 HYD.
3 Mahuva 2420 440 15.0
4 Panna 3345 669 16.7
5 H5 4150 834 16.7
6 Palaeocene 4200 845 16.8
Carbonate
7 Basement 4490 904 16.8
 Fracture Gradient Prediction –
Depth(ft.)- Depth(M)-KB Depth(M) Avg. density Overburden Estimated Poisson’s Frac. grad. (ppg)
KB below MSL of sediments Grad. (ppg) pore ratio
(ppg) pressure (Eaton’s)
grad.

0 0

Mud line 53 0

502 153 100 16.56 12.10 8.50 0.244 9.66

1,158 353 300 16.80 14.83 8.50 0.28 10.96
1,814 553 500 16.98 15.71 8.50 0.32 11.89

2,470 753 700 17.13 16.18 8.50 0.35 12.64

3,126 953 900 17.27 16.51 8.50 0.37 13.21
3,782 1153 1100 17.39 16.76 8.50 0.38 13.56
4,436 1353 1300 17.50 16.96 8.50 0.395 14.03
5,094 1553 1500 17.61 17.14 8.50 0.405 14.38
5,750 1753 1700 17.72 17.29 8.50 0.415 14.74
6,406 1953 1900 17.81 17.43 8.50 0.428 15.18
7,062 2153 2100 17.91 17.56 8.50 0.429 15.30
7,718 2353 2300 18.00 17.67 8.80 0.43 15.49
7,970 2430 2377 18.03 17.72 8.80 0.431 15.56
8,134 2480 2427 18.05 17.75 14.80 0.433 17.05
Depth(ft.)- KB Depth(M)-KB Depth(M) Avg. Overburden Estimated Poisson’s Frac.
below MSL density of Grad. (ppg) pore ratio grad.
sediments pressure (Eaton’s) (ppg)
(ppg) grad.
0 0
Mud line 53 0

8,298 2530 2477 18.07 17.77 15.70 0.435 17.30

8,462 2580 2527 18.10 17.80 15.90 0.44 17.39

8,626 2630 2577 18.12 17.83 16.10 0.442 17.47

8,954 2730 2677 18.16 17.88 16.40 0.44 17.56

9,282 2830 2777 18.20 17.93 16.50 0.445 17.65

9,938 3030 2977 18.26 18.03 16.50 0.45 17.75

11,578 3530 3477 18.47 18.25 16.60 0.456 17.99

13,218 4030 3977 18.66 18.46 16.70 0.455 18.17

14,858 4530 4477 18.83 18.65 16.90 0.46 18.39

Total mud loss is not anticipated in both the sections.

Problem: Design 9 5/8” Intermediate casing with
following inputs:
9 5/8” Intermediate casing
Casing shoe depth = 3200 m;
Mud wt at 3200 m = 16.9 ppg
Fracture gradient at 3200 m = 17.9 ppg
Next Casing shoe depth = 4580 m
Formation pressure at next TD = 16.9 MWE
Mud wt at next TD = 17.3 ppg
 Solution of Problem-2
The 9 5/8 ’’casing setting depth as per casing seat selection
is to be set at the depth of 3200m
For designing this casing following assumptions are made:

COLLAPSE - As no mud loss zones are indicated at the

interval from 3200m to 4580m the concept of total mud loss is
not assumed. The assumption made in this case as – mud
level will be going down inside the casing till it is balanced by
saline water hydrostatic column against the shoe.
BURST - Assumption made for calculating the burst
loading as - a kick is encountered from the next hole section
[Link] casing [ in side ] is completely unloaded by gas .
Under that circumstance burst pressure is calculated.
Casing shoe depth = 3200 m
Mud wt up to 3200 m = 16.9 ppg (2.03 g/cc)
Next TD = 4580 m
Formation pressure at next TD = 16.9 ppg (2.03 g/cc)
Mud wt at next TD = 17.3 ppg (2.07 g/cc)
Fracture gradient at 3200 m = 17.9 ppg (2.15 g/cc)
For collapse load line:
External pressure = 3200 x 2.03/10 = 649.6 ksc  650 ksc
Internal pressure:-
Equilibrium level = 1.03 x 3200/2.07 = 1592 m
From surface depth = 3200-1592 = 1608 m
Internal pressure at 1608 m and above = 0
Now internal pressure (due to mud column of 1592 m) at 3200 m
= 1592 x 2.07/10 = 329.54 ksc 330 ksc
Resultant collapse load line at 3200 m = 650-330 = 320 ksc
Resultant collapse load line at 1608 m = (2.03 X 1608 /10) –0 =326 ksc
 For burst load line:
Formation pressure Pf = 2.03 x 4580/10 = 929.74 ksc
With a kick consideration max. surface pressure Ps =
929.74/e0.65x0.0001138x4580
= 662.56 ksc
Saline water back up = 1.03 x 3200/10 = 329.6 ksc
•Drawn internal load line with Pf and Ps.
•drawn back up load line
•burst at shoe = 662.56 + [(929.74-662.56)/4580] x 3200 = 849 23 ksc
Resultant burst load line:
Resultant burst load line at shoe = 849.23-329.6
= 519.63 ksc
Resultant burst load line at surface = 662.56 ksc
Now selecting 9 5/8”, Q-125, 47#, BTC casing
Rated collapse resistance = 396.73 ksc
Rated burst resistance = 754.8 ksc
Rated tensile resistance = 770.10 TON
Design safety factor for collapse = 396.73/326 (max at 1608 m)
= 1.216 > 1.125 (safe)

Design safety factor for burst = 754.8/662.56 = 1.14>1.1 (safe)

Weight of the casing string = (3200 x 47 x 1.488)/ 1000 = 223.79 T

Design safety factor for tension = 770.1/223.79 = 3.44> 1.8 (safe)

Hence, 9-5/8”, Q-125, 47#, BTC casing can be run from surface to
3200 m.
 0 662

Backup line
Resultant load line
depth

Internal load line

3200
329 519 849

4580
Pressure(kg/cm2) ----- 929

FIG-1: Burst load line

 FIG-2: Collapse load line

Kg/cm2
0

1608 326

Internal load line External load line

depth
Resultant

3200 320 330 650

Pressure (kg/cm2) ---
Problem-3

INPUTS FOR THE PROPOSED WELL ADAF

•GENERAL DATA -
Structure -- Agartala Dome
Location name -- ADAF ( AD # 20 Substitute )
Target Depth -- 4050 m
Objective -- To explore Middle Bhuban
sands as well as shallower sands encountered in
AD # 20
Nature -- Exploratory
Category -- B
EXPECTED STRATIGRAPHY

SR.N FORMATION BRIEF LITHOLOGY

O. GROUP
1 TIPAM 0-747 M Mainly arenaceous sequence with minor
clay stone , silt stone and shale
2 BOKABIL 747 - 1799 Alternation of arenaceous and
argillaceous sequence
3 1799 - 2740 Upper part mainly argillaceous , lower part
contains alternation of arenaceous and
argillaceous sequence
4 MIDDLE 2740 -3606 Upper part mainly shale, lower part with
BHUBAN alternation of sand stone and silt stone
with minor shale
5 3606 - 4050 (+) Mainly arenaceous sequence with minor
shale and silt stone.
EXPECTED FORMATION PRESSURES

DEPTH (M) FORMATION

PRESSURE(MWE)
gm/cc
0 -- 3300 Hyd. + 5 –10 %
3300 -- 3550 Hyd. + 25 – 35%
3550 -- 4050 Hyd. + 35 -- 110%
DETAILS OF PIT/LOT DATA OBTAINED

SL. DEPTH(M) VALUES REMARKS

NO. in(MWE)
gm/cc.
1 403 1.3 PIT
2 2000 1.5
3 2990 1.95
4 3651 2.34 PIT
5 4150 2.48 PIT
Problem: Design 9 5/8” Intermediate casings with following inputs:

Total mud loss is not anticipated in both the sections.

Casing shoe depth = 3580 m;
Mud wt at 3580 m = 1.60 g/cc
Fracture gradient at 3580 m = 2.3 g/cc
Next Casing shoe depth = 4050 m
Formation pressure at next TD = 2.16 g/cc
Mud wt at next TD = 2.20 g/cc
 Solution to Problem-3

The 9 5/8 ’’ casing setting depth as per casing seat selection

is to be set at the depth of 3580 m. For designing this casing
following assumptions are made.
COLLAPSE - As no mud loss zones are indicated at the
interval from 3580m to 4500m the concept of total mud loss is
not assumed. The assumption made in this case as – mud
level will be going down inside the casing till it is balanced by
saline water hydrostatic column against the shoe.
BURST - Assumption made for calculating the burst
loading as - a kick is encountered from the next hole section
[Link] casing [ in side ] is completely unloaded by gas .
Under that circumstance burst pressure is calculated.
Casing shoe depth = 3580 m;

Mud wt up to 3580 m = 1.60 g/cc

Next TD = 4050 m

Formation pressure at next TD = 2.16 g/cc

Mud wt at next TD = 2.20 g/cc

Fracture gradient at 3580 m = 2.30 g/cc

For collapse load line:

External pressure = 3580 x 1.60/10 = 572.8 ksc

Internal pressure:-
Equilibrium level = 1.03 x 3580/2.2 = 1676 m
From surface depth = 3580-1676 = 1904 m
Internal pressure at 1904 m and above = 0
Now internal pressure (due to mud column of 1676 m) at 3580 m
= 1676 x 2.2/10 = 368 ksc
Resultant collapse load line at 3580 m = 572.8-368 = 204.8 ksc
Resultant collapse load line at 1904 m = (1.60 X 1904 /10) –0 =304.6 ksc
 For burst load line:
Formation pressure Pf = 2.16 x 4050/10 = 874.8 ksc
With a kick consideration max. surface pressure Ps =
874.8/e0.65x0.0001138x4050
= 648.34ksc
Saline water back up = 1.03 x 3580/10 = 368.74 ksc
•Draw internal load line with Pf and Ps.
•draw back up load line
•burst at shoe = 648.34+ [(874.8-648.34)/4050] x 3580 = 848.51 ksc
Resultant burst load line:
Resultant burst load line at shoe = 848.51-368.74 = 479.77 ksc
Resultant burst load line at surface = 648.51ksc
Now selecting 9 5/8”, Q-125, 47#, BTC casing

Rated collapse resistance = 396.73 ksc

Rated burst resistance = 754.8 ksc

Rated tensile resistance = 770.10 TON

Design safety factor for collapse = 396.73/304.6

= 1.30 > 1.125 (safe)

design safety factor for burst = 754.8/648.5 = 1.16 >1.1 ( safe)

weight of the casing string = (3580 x 47 x 1.488)/ 1000 = 250.37 T

Design safety factor for tension = 770.1/250.37 = 3.07 > 1.8 (safe)

Hence, 9-5/8”, Q-125, 47#, BTC casing can be run from surface to 3580 m.
 648
0

Back up line

depth Resultant load line

Internal load line

3580
368 479 848

4050
Pressure (kg/cm2) ---- 874

FIG-1 : Burst load line

 FIG-2: Collapse load line

Kg/cm2
0

1904 304

Internal load line External load line

depth
Resultant

3580 204 368 604

Pressure (kg/cm2) ---
Problem-4

Input Data For Well # PGAB

Depth (m) Pore pressure MWE(g/cc)

0-1700 Hydrostatic 1.03
1700-1900 Hydrostatic + 5-10% 1.08-1.13

1900-2000 Hydrostatic + 10-20% 1.13-1.24

2000-2400 Hydrostatic + 20-30% 1.24-1.34
2400-2800 Hydrostatic + 30-45% 1.34-1.49
2800-3350 Hydrostatic + 45-65% 1.49-1.70
3350-4300 Hydrostatic + 65-75% 1.70-1.80
4300-4700 Hydrostatic + 75-85% 1.80-1.90

LOT / PIT Data of near by

wells
WELL DEPTH ( m ) VALUE
MW – 1 405 1.36 (PIT)
1785 1.71
2218 2.02(PIT)
2546 2.03(PIT)
3215 2.15 ( KT-1)
Problem: Design 9 5/8” Intermediate casings
with following inputs:

Total mud loss is not anticipated in both the sections.

Casing shoe depth = 3450 m;
Mud wt at 3450 m = 1.75 g/cc
Fracture gradient at 3450 m = 2.18 g/cc
Next Casing shoe depth = 4700 m
Formation pressure at next TD = 1.85 g/cc
Mud wt at next TD = 1.90 g/cc
 Solution to Problem-4

The 9 5/8 ’’ casing setting depth as per casing seat

selection is to be set at the depth of 3450 M. For designing
this casing following assumptions are made . _
COLLAPSE - As no mud loss zones are indicated at
the interval from 3450 M to 4700 M ;the concept of total
mud loss is not assumed . The assumption made in this
case as – mud level will be going down inside the casing till
it is balanced by saline water hydrostatic column against the
shoe .
BURST - Assumption made for calculating the burst
loading as - a kick is encountered from the next hole
section [Link] casing [ in side ] is completely unloaded by
gas . Under that circumstance burst pressure is calculated .
Casing shoe depth = 3450 m; mud wt up to 3450 m = 1.75 g/cc
Next TD = 4700 m
Formation pressure at next TD = 1.85 MWE
Mud wt at next TD = 1.90 g/cc
Fracture gradient at 3450 m = 2.18 g/cc

For collapse load line:

External pressure = 3450 x 1.75/10 = 603.75 ksc  604 ksc

Internal pressure :-
Equilibrium level = 1.03 x 3450/1.90 = 1870 m
From surface depth = 3450-1870 = 1580 m
Internal pressure at 1580 m and above = 0
Now internal pressure (due to mud column of 1870 m) at 3450 m
= 1870 x 1.90/10 = 355 ksc

Resultant collapse load line at 3450 m = 604-355 = 249 ksc

Resultant collapse load line at 1580 m = (1.75 X 1580 /10) –0 =276 ksc
For burst load line:
Formation pressure Pf = 1.85 x 4700/10 = 869.50 ksc

With a kick consideration max. surface pr. Ps = 869.50/e0.65x0.0001138x4700

= 614 ksc

Saline water back up = 1.03 x 3450/10 = 355.35 ksc

•Draw internal load line with Pf and Ps.
•draw back up load line
•burst at shoe = 614 + [(869.50-614)/4700] x 3450 = 801.76 ksc

Resultant burst load line :

Resultant burst load line at shoe = 801.76-355.35 = 446.41 ksc
Resultant burst load line at surface = 614 ksc

Now selecting 9 5/8”, Q-125, 47#, BTC casing

Rated collapse resistance = 396.73 ksc
Rated burst resistance = 754.8 ksc
Rated tensile resistance = 770.10 TON
Design safety factor for collapse = 396.73/276 (max at 1580 m)
= 1.43 > 1.125 (safe)

design safety factor for burst = 754.8/614 = 1.22 >1.1 ( safe)

weight of the casing string = (3450 x 47 x 1.488)/ 1000 = 241 T

Design safety factor for tension = 770.1/241 = 3.20 > 1.8 (safe)

Hence, 9-5/8”, Q-125, 47#, BTC casing can be run from

surface to 3450 m.
 614
0

Back up line

depth Resultant load line

Internal load line

3450
355 446 801

4700
Pressure (kg/cm2) ---- 869

FIG-1 : Burst load line

 FIG-2: Collapse load line

Kg/cm2
0

1580 276

Internal load line External load line

depth
Resultant

3450 249 355 604

Pressure (kg/cm2) ---