FILAMER CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY

5800, Philippines

COLLEGE OF HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM

MANAGEMENT
Bachelor of Science in Hospitality Management

HM PE 2
Introduction to Transport Services
CRUISE TOURISM
Learning Objectives:

At the end of the chapter, the students can:

 Define what cruise tourism is

 List the advantages of disadvantages of air transportation
 Discuss the significance of cruise industry and tourism
 List and describe the types of cruise
 Define Cruise Tour Package
 Water-based transport is one of the most traditional and memorable ways
for visitors to travel to and from a destination. It is not only a way to travel but a
tourism experience in of itself. Cruise tourism has been a growing market sector
around the world, not only as a means to travel to a destination but as an
experience.
 Cruise
Tourism
 Cruise tourism can be defined as a luxurious form of travelling, involving
an all-inclusive holiday on a cruise ship of at least 48 hours, with a set and
specific itinerary, in which the cruise ship calls at several ports or cities.

The World Tourism Organization defines cruise tourism as "a wide range
of activities for travelers in addition to its traditional function of providing
transport and accommodation."

Cruise tourism provides and offers food, beverage, accommodation,

recreational, casino, shopping, and other services to the tourist. It is like an
informal industry which makes an arrangement of various services i.e., cruise
packages and combines these with air travel to attract the potential customer.
 It is characterized by the concentration of huge numbers of people in
limited areas for brief periods, thus multiplying negative impacts that may lead to
destruction of natural and cultural resources. The growth of cruise tourism
requires different management solutions.

They include:
 fostering holistic integrated actions involving international agencies, cruise
line operators and host communities;
 reducing the impact of cruise activities for safeguarding destinations;
 raising the environmental awareness of passengers;
 sharing increasing profits more equably between cruise line operators and
destination communities
 Cruise tourism was originally predominantly located within warmer
climates, i.e. the Mediterranean and the Caribbean. However, there is growing
trends in colder climates. i.e. Norway, and the Arctic.
For many, cruising has been perceived as an activity for the older
generation. The Cruise Lines International Association offered a report for the
following profile of an average cruise passenger:

 Caucasian
 Average age of 46-year-old
 Well-educated
 Married.
 Work full-time.
 Average household income of USD$90,000.
Significance of
Cruise Industry
for Tourism
 Cruise tourism is BIG business. According to a report by the Cruise Lines
International Association, demand for cruising increased by 20.5% between 2011 to
2016. Global cruise passengers reached 25.8 million in 2017, forecasting to reach
29.2 million in 2020.
Cruise tourism encompasses all faces of the tourism industry;
accommodation, transportation, hospitality and attractions. Cruising has become the
fastest growing segment in the travel industry across the world.
The tourism industry in many countries of the world has been profoundly
helped by the cruise sector to shape the tourism product and to satisfy the
sophisticated travelers.
The relationship between the cruise industry and tourism industry is,
therefore, a highly complex subject involving a mixture of socio-economic factors,
technological factors, market pressures, government policies, management attitude
ad tourist expectations.
Types of
Cruise
RIVER CRUISE
Many destinations are popular for river cruising. River cruising is different from ocean
cruising as passengers are close to the shore and the focus of the cruise is more for sightseeing
and visionary landscape purpose. During river cruises, passengers tend to step offshore, and
these excursions are typically free of charge.
The facilities on board a river course is kept to a minimum and are restricted due to the
smaller size of the ship. Typically, cruise ships will hold no more than 100 to 200 passengers,
whereas ocean cruises can hold many thousands. River cruises mostly travel at night, reaching
a new place every day, meaning more time to visit different destinations. Scenery on a river
cruise changes more regularly, and ports of call tend to be the main attraction rather than the
ship itself, as it is on an ocean liner.
There is a river cruise along the Danube and the Rhine in Europe, the Yangtze in China,
the Chobe in Africa, the Lower Ganges in India, Alaska's inland waterways or the Mekong in
Vietnam and Cambodia, among others. Find out more in our guide to top cruising destinations.
EXPEDITION CRUISE

Expedition cruising is smaller in its scale, offering

niche experiences with shore landings via an inflatable
boat to access remote locations. The purpose of
expedition cruising is to take part in a comprehensive
educational experience. Expedition cruises specialize in
voyages that offer nature/wildlife-based experiences in
areas like Northern Europe, Alaska or the Arctic.
MEGA CRUISE
Mega cruises are the biggest cruise ships yet, including
cruise ships such as; Symphony of the Seas and Norwegian
Bliss. Mega ships are a new class of cruise vessel and focus on
maximizing capacity and on-board services. Some mega ships
can hold more than 5,000 passengers. The Oasis series built by
Royal Caribbean International, Oasis, Allure, Harmony and
Symphony of the Seas can each hold around 6,700 people.
YACHT
Yacht cruising is particularly small in scale when we
compare the form of cruising to luxury or mega cruising.
However, yacht cruising can be similar to luxury cruising in
that it is a very expensive form of cruise tourism and can have
very high standards of service and facilities on board. Yachts
hold fewer passengers than other cruise vessels and usually a
family or group of people will hire the entire yacht and cruise
the seas.
LUXURY CRUISE
Many of the types of cruise can also be considered
luxury cruises. Luxury cruises tend to half a low staff to
passenger ratio and a premium class of service
throughout. It tends to utilize smaller vessels, and may
include such options as flexible itineraries, a personal
butler, larger cabins, more exotic destinations and they're
more likely to be all-inclusive.
Categories of Cruise
The following classification is based on sales, marketing and working
conditions of the cruises:
Volume Cruise
Volume cruises concentrate on volume turnover. That is
why these are called mass market cruises. 65 percent of all
cruises are volume/mass market cruises. These cruises are very
popular in the Caribbean Sea, Asia Pacific and South East Asia.
In such cruises, accommodation and other services are
comparable to the star hotel. Generally, these cruises emphasized
two things i.e. Turnover and short-term passenger itinerary.
Premium Cruises
Premium cruises are the second largest segment of cruise industry accounting
for more months. Due to this, these are known as upscale cruises. Their product and
services are equivalent to its class resort, and hotel. Royal cruise, Star Cruises,
Princess Cruises, Panama Canal Cruises are offering premium cruise service.

Luxury Cruises
Luxury cruises occupied a meager percentage of the cruise market. It may be
due to its high-quality product and services and it focuses on long-haul itineraries for
exotic destinations. These cruises are meant for elite people. The duration of
itinerary may range from 6 months to 12 months. In spite of high prices, these
cruises are more popular among the tourists and honeymooners. Luxury cruises are
operated by the Royal Caribbean cruises, Crystal Cruises, and Star cruises etc.
Specialty Cruises

These cruises are launched to cater the demands of

specific interest passengers, such as newly married couple,
whale watching, oceanography, scuba diving. The quality of
products and services is comparatively low as other cruises.
The duration of these cruises is very less but depending on the
package. Presently, there is more than 150 cruise ship with
90,000 cabins world over. The largest cruise lines is Royal
Caribbean cruises liner (RCCL) with nine ships and have a
capacity of 15,000 births.
Cruise Tour Package

A cruise tour package may be defined as a systematically planned

return journey with entertainment and recreational facilities on board,
and shore excursion. In other words, the cruise package is a pleasure an
all-inclusive trip by boat or ship for specific days, to specific days, to
specific destinations, and with a set price.
Cruises packages may be designed and planned for an individual
group, families, FITs (Free Independent Travelers), business
executives, honeymooners, and special interest tourists.
Cruise Tour Itinerary

A well-planned cruise tour itinerary identifies

embarkation points, ports of calls, types of cabin,
cruise facilities, meal services, shore excursions,
tipping, and other services. Gradually, the cruise
itinerary combined with air travel and land
arrangement to make it more attractive and
effective.
 A cruise planner keeps in mind the following
facts while designing cruise itinerary:
• Name of the Cruise
• Sailing date
• Destinations
• Port of Embarkation
• Port of Termination
• Client choice client budget
• Legal formalities
Types of Cruise Tour Itineraries

Cruise tour itineraries are broadly categorized in the following types:

1. Short duration itineraries

2. Medium-haul - Short and long duration itineraries (7 nights, 10 nights
and above)
3. Long haul - Medium duration itineraries (7 months)
4. Transatlantic and Round the world itineraries (6 to 12 months)

Cruise tour itineraries are not limited only to sea but river cruise
itineraries can be developed. The main rivers of the cruise are Amazon,
Mississippi, Yangtze Kiang, Hung He, Nile, and the Rhine, etc.
Types of Cruise Itineraries based seasonality of demand
Cruise lines set itineraries to maximize customer satisfaction and revenues
but must take into consideration the seasonality of the demand. These
fundamental market characteristics imply that three main types of itineraries are
used:
 Perennial. Concern markets are serviced year round because of stable demand and relatively constant weather
conditions (tropical and sub-tropical). The two most significant perennial markets are the Caribbean (with
Miami as the main turn port) and the Mediterranean (with Barcelona as one of the main turn ports). Perennial
markets can have a seasonality implying that although they are serviced throughout the year, there have
periods of lower demand.

 Seasonal. Ideally, cruise lines would prefer to only service perennial markets since this would represent a
close to optimal use of ship assets. However, like the tourism industry in general, seasonality is an important
component of the demand for cruises implying that some markets are going to be serviced for a few months,
mostly during the summer. The most important seasonal markets cover Baltic, Norwegian and Alaskan cruises
that are serviced during summer.

 Repositioning. This mostly takes place between seasons when ship assets need to be repositioned from
seasonal to perennial itineraries (or vice-versa). For instance, during the summer several cruise ships are
repositioned from the Caribbean to the Mediterranean, while in the fall the same ships will be repositioned
back to the Caribbean. Repositioning cruises are usually point-to-point between turn ports.
 Big Cruise Ship Companies
Cunard
Cunard cruises have been operating for more than 175 years and they
specialize in luxury cruises with their famous White Star Service. This formal
and traditional cruise company is ideal for couple and the older generation.

Royal Caribbean
Royal Caribbean cruises are the leading cruise company for innovation.
Offering everything from surfing to Broad Way shows, the cruise line is
popular amongst a wide range of cruise tourists, including families, couples
and solo travelers.
P&O Cruises
This is the most popular cruise line in the UK. It appeals to a range
of customer types including families and couples. It offers traditional
cruise products and services.

Norwegian Cruise Line

Another cruise line that is popular with UK cruise tourists,
Norwegian Cruise Line offers an American-style service on-board their
ships. You can sail from the UK or book a fly cruise.

Princess Cruises
Princess cruises offer sailings around the world using a traditional,
American-style premium travelers.
 Popular Cruise Destinations
Cruise tourism is often referred to as a 'marine resort' and today, the cruise tourism market has evolved
considerably along with its destinations.

Caribbean cruise
Caribbean cruises are a popular choice for cruise tourists as the weather in the Caribbean is generally good all
year round. Whilst the cruise tourism industry in the Caribbean is large, the economic and environmental impacts are
often center of discussion.

Mediterranean cruise
Similar to the Caribbean, the Mediterranean has always been a very popular cruise destination. Particularly for
its warm climate all year round.

Nile cruise
Nile has become a very popular destination for river cruising. Cruises vary in duration, most commonly, cruises
last 3 to 7 days but can also last up to 14 days. The Nile cruise has been deemed as one of the world's best cruises.
Yangtze cruise
Being the world's third-longest river, almost one hundred cruise ships operate
along the Yangtze.

Round the world cruise

Round the world cruises are literally around the world cruises. This style of cruise
focuses on travelling around the world out at sea. Round the world cruises is probably
the most expensive cruise and can cost up to anything from £9,000 upwards. Some of the
most luxury round the world cruises can cost up to £200,000 per person. They typically
last around 90-120 days and allows passengers to embark and disembark.

Arctic cruise
Arctic cruising as a form of "extinction tourism", whereby passengers travel to the
Arctic to observe the distinct wildlife or culture whilst they can. The potential market for
Arctic cruising is for the wealthy, adventure seekers, wishing to explore the natural
wildlife and landscapes of remote locations.
Types of Cruise Ships

A cruise ship is a passenger ship used for recreational and leisure voyages,
in which the journey itself and the onboard amenities, attractions, activities and
entertainment options are integrant part of the cruise experience.
The rapid growth and specialization process experienced by the cruise
industry in the last decades has also affected the design and general aesthetics,
materials, size and overall onboard functionalities, equipment and amenities of
modern cruise ships and recreational vessels to satisfy a clientele more and more
numerous and sensitive to quality, who demands the most diversified services
with assurance of satisfaction and excellence, while providing solutions to the
growing concerns about the cruise industry's environmental impact on marine and
coastal communities and ecosystems.
Mainstream Cruise Ship
The most common and known type of cruise ship, marketed to suit the needs of the
majority of passengers, with all sorts of standard resort features.

Mega Cruise Ship

A mega cruise ships are able to accommodate more than 5,000 persons, and they
are currently the largest and more sophisticated vessels in the world.

Ocean Cruise Ship

Ocean cruise ships are built to the most exacting standards to withstand the harsh
conditions of ocean voyages in long and world cruises.

Luxury Cruise Ship

Luxury cruise ships are equipped with the most sophisticated and technologically
advanced nautical systems, high standard features and luxurious comforts.
Small Cruise Ship
Cruise ships with a capacity up to a few hundred passengers on-board, offering more
intimate and relaxing experiences in less familiar destinations.

Adventure Cruise Ship

Adventure cruise ships are designed and equipped to provide services that include
visits of remote destinations, most commonly inaccessible to larger vessels.

Expedition Cruise Ship

Specially designed ships, or adapted research or icebreaker vessels, operated by
specialized companies to offer their customers an exclusive experience in remote destinations.

River Cruise Ship

River cruise ships have a capacity for no more than a few hundred passengers, and are
specially designed to navigate rivers and inland waterways.
 Over the last decades, the modern cruise industry has responded to
extensive market and consumer research with the presentation of innovative
naval design concepts, new ship lengths, ever more exotic destinations around
the globe, and new on-board and on-shore activities and themes, developed to
offer a vacation alternative that satisfies the expectative of everyone.

Cruise Lines International Association

Cruise Lines International Association (CLIA) is the world's largest

cruise industry trade association with representation in North and South
America, Europe, Asia, and Australasia. CLIA represents the interests of
cruise lines and travel agents in the development of policy. CLIA is also
engaged in travel agent training, research, and marketing communications.
 FILAMER CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY
5800, Philippines

COLLEGE OF HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT

Bachelor of Science in Hospitality Management

HM PE 2
Introduction to Transport Services

REYNIER DE JUAN
JEFREY ANTIOQUIA
RITCHIE ROLDAN
EZEKIEL JOSH CASTRO
CHARLES IMEL BORBON