Chapter 2
Industrial Revolution
and Nationalism
Definitions
Industrial Revolution: A period in Europe
when products began to be made in
factories.
Textile: Cloth product
Imperialism: The control by one country of
the political and economic life of another
country or region.
Nationalism: Pride in one’s country.
Alliance: An agreement to protect another
country
Industrial Revolution
Changes Life In Europe
Inventors created machines that could make
goods quickly and cheaply.
Machines were housed in factories.
People left their homes to go to work in the
factories.
Changes in production
-first machines were invented to speed up the
spinning of thread and the weaving of textiles.
-By 1900 factories produced almost all goods
made in the US and most of W. Europe.
Industrial Revolution
Changes Life In Europe
Change in Society
- families moved from farms to industrial centers.
- Cities grew rapidly (housing packed/cramped---
disease)
- Factory owners took advantage of workers (poor
wages and horrible working conditions).
Change in Government
- People gained more of a voice in government
(workers important to economy).
- Governments became more Democratic
- Became more aggressive abroad…..took over
colonies
-imperialism(needed buyers for goods)
-colonies produced raw materials
Wednesday Riddle
What always ends everything?
The letter “g”
Constructive Nationalism VS
Destructive Nationalism
Nationalism allows people to take
pride in their nation.
It
can make one nation harm
another in an effort to get ahead
-this caused both WWI and WWII
Nationalism Leads to WWI
1900s people were filled with nationalism.
Nationalism and the Industrial Revolution fueled a
European drive to build overseas empires.
The scramble for colonies brought European
countries into conflict.
Nationalism and colonial rivalries led European
nations to increase military spending. (armies and
navies)
As tensions grew, nations sought allies that would
come to their aid in case there was a war.
-Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy formed the Triple
Alliance
-France, Russia and Britain formed the Triple Entente
Nationalism Leads to WWI
June 1914 Archduke Francis
Ferdinand, heir to the throne
of Austria-Hungary was
assassinated in Sarajevo by
a Bosnian nationalist.
• Austrians accused Serbia
• Germany stood by its ally
Austria-Hungary
• Russia defended Serbia
• Germany declared war on
Russia and France and
Britain joined within days.
Nationalism Leads to WWI
War lasted 4 years
All of the Major European powers and many
regions beyond Europe got involved.
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman
Empire (Central Powers)
Britain, France and Russia (Allied Powers)
-Eventually, more than 20 nations, including Italy
and the US, joined the Allies
Large numbers of lives lost (trench warfare)
Allies Victorious. Imposed harsh terms on
the Germans in the Treaty of Versailles
Wednesday Riddle
How does a king open a door?
He uses a Monar-chy
World War II
Nationalism still burned like a flame in 1939
Germany experienced much turmoil after
WWI
Adolf Hitler gained control of the Nazi party in
the early 1920s.
Blamed Jews for Germany’s defeat in WWI
and economic problems.
Promoted racism by claiming that Germans
belonged to a superior race destined to rule
the world.
Nazi party controlled every aspect of German
life and waged a violent campaign against
Jews.
World War II
Hitler violated the Treaty of Versailles by annexing
Austria.
German invasion of Poland in September 1939
triggered WWII (Axis Vs. Allies)
Germany, Italy and Japan were the major Axis
powers
Britain, France, Soviet Union, United States, China
and 45 other nations comprised the Allies.
1941 bombing of Pearl Harbor brought the US into
the war.
Jews were taken and put into concentration camps
where they were executed throughout the war. About
6 million lost their lives.
World War II
On June 6, 1944 (D-Day) the Allies
pushed into Germany. Hitler committed
suicide rather than face defeat.
Most destructive war in history.
The war reduced Western Europe’s
impact on world affairs. Two new
superpowers appeared……US and
Soviet Union
Wednesday Riddle
What is everyone in the world doing at
the same time?
Growing older
Here endeth the lesson!