A
Project Report
on
“THE”
“PREPOSITIONS”
Submitted by : -
PRITPAL SINGH (Computer Faculty)
(Govt. sec. school Ajaibwali)
CONTENTS AT A GLANCE
1. INTRODUCTION
2. KINDS OF PREPOSITIONS
3. RELATION EXPRESSED BY PREPOSITIONS
4. LIST OF PREPOSITIONS
5. ERRORS IN USE OF PREPOSITIONS
6. SPECIAL USE OF SOME PREPOSITIONS
INTRODUCTION
• A Preposition is a word placed before a noun or
a pronoun. It shows the relation ; the person or
thing denoted by it has in regard to something else.
• Study the following Examples :
• (a) There is a table in the room .
• (b) You are fond of music.
• In sentence (a) the preposition in joins a noun table with
another noun room .
• In sentence (b) the preposition of joins a noun music with
adjective fond.
KINDS OF PREPOSITION
• Prepositions may be classified into three
categories :
• Simple Prepositions : Like at, in, by, for, from, of, off,
on, out, through, till, to, up, with etc.
• Compound Prepositions : Like about, above, across,
along, among, around, before, behind, below, beside,
between, inside, outside, within, without etc.
• Complex prepositions : Like along with, as far as, away
from, because of, due to, in front of, out of etc.
Relation Expressed by Prepositions
The following are some of the important relations :
• Preposition used for positive position and direction.
Like : at, to, on, onto, in, into.
For exp : (a) He went to the door. (direction)
(b) He was at the door . (position)
Direction Position
(a) to (b) at
Next
• Preposition used for Negative position and direction.
Like : away, from, off.
For exp : (a) Sita went away from the stage. (direction)
(b) Sita was away from the table. (position)
Direction Position
(a) away (b) away
3. Preposition used for Relative position.
Like : by, over, under, above, below, in front of.
above
Behind X in front of
below
LIST OF PREPOSITIONS
1. Prepositions of Time
Preposition Example
b) after • after ten o’clock
c) at • at six o’clock
d) before • before six o’clock
e) by • by two o’clock
f) for • for ten years
g) from • from today
h) in • in two hours
i) on • on Friday
j) till • till 12 noon
k) to • ten to eleven NEXT
l) with • with sun rise
2. Preposition of Place
Preposition Example
b) about • about the capital city
c) across • across the road
d) at • at the door
e) before • before the house
f) below • below the line
g) near • near the sea
3. Preposition of Manner
Preposition Example
b) by • by work hard
c) with • with courage
4. Preposition of Cause, Reason
Preposition Example
b) for • He worked hard for prosperity.
c) of • She died of hard attack.
d) through • He lost his bag through negligence.
5. Preposition of Rate, Value, Measure
Preposition Example
• at a) He works at hundred rupees per day .
• by b) Cloth is sold by the meter.
6. Preposition of Motive, Source
Preposition Example
• from a) Light comes from the sun.
ERRORS IN USE OF PREPOSITION
Incorrect Correct
• They ran in the garden. • They ran into the garden.
• We shall wait you. • We shall wait for you.
• Rama married with Sita. • Rama married Sita.
• I love with my friend. • I love my friend.
• I prefer milk than tea. • I prefer milk to tea.
• He jumped in the river. • He jumped into the river.
• He has no house to live. • He has no house to live in.
• He is blind from one eye. • He is blind of one eye.
• He is ill from fever. • He is ill with fever.
• Write with ink. • Write in ink.
• You must carry my orders. • You must carry out my orders.
• Success lies on hard work. • Success lies in hard work.
• I wait my parents. • I wait for my parents.
• Do not knock my door • Do not knock at my door.
SPECIAL USE OF SOME PREPOSITIONS
1. At, in, on
(a) At is used before the names of villages, an address, a certain point,
a noun denoting a definite point of time; as, at this point, at the
bridge, at the bus stand, at 4 a.m, at 5 o’clock, at sunset, at
midnight, at Diwali.
• In is used before the names of towns, districts, states, countries, a
noun indicating a period of time, denotes rest; as, in Delhi, in
Japan, in March, in a moment, in the morning, in 1996,in the
street.
• On is used before names of the days and dates; as, on Monday,
on Christmas day, on 15th August 1947.
5. After, within
• After denotes at the end of period of time in the past; as,
He returned after a month.
(b) within denotes before the end of a period of time in the future; as,
He will return in a month.
NEXT
3. Between, Among
• Between refers to two persons, things etc; as
Divide the cake between Ram and Sham.
• Among refers to more than two persons, things etc; as
Distribute sweets among children's.
4. By, with
• By refers to the doer of an action; as,
The deer was killed by the hunter.
(b) With denotes the instrument; as,
He killed the tiger with the gun.
5. Since, for
(a) Since is used for a point of time; as,
She has been cooking food since morning.
• For is used for a period of time; as,
I have known her for many years.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Grammar book of +2 Class
• Grammar book of 10th Class
• Internet Service
• A Text book of General English – by Varinder Bhatia