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Understanding Induced Magnetism in IGCSE

Permanent magnets produce their own magnetic field and do not weaken over time. Induced magnetism is temporary and occurs when magnetic materials are placed in a magnetic field. Magnetic fields are represented by lines of force and are stronger where the lines are closer together. The Earth has a magnetic field from electric currents in its iron core, but its geographical and magnetic poles do not coincide. Electromagnets are temporary magnets produced by electric currents and have advantages over permanent magnets like adjustable field strength.

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12 views9 pages

Understanding Induced Magnetism in IGCSE

Permanent magnets produce their own magnetic field and do not weaken over time. Induced magnetism is temporary and occurs when magnetic materials are placed in a magnetic field. Magnetic fields are represented by lines of force and are stronger where the lines are closer together. The Earth has a magnetic field from electric currents in its iron core, but its geographical and magnetic poles do not coincide. Electromagnets are temporary magnets produced by electric currents and have advantages over permanent magnets like adjustable field strength.

Uploaded by

khumaira.jamari
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

MAGNETISM

PHYSICS
YEAR 11
CAMBRIDGE IGCSE
MAGNETISM

PERMANENT MAGNET INDUCED MAGNETISM


• Produces its own magnetic • Temporary magnetism
field • Occur when magnetic materials are
• Does not get weaker over magnetised
time* • Due to the magnetic materials are
• Made from hard magnetic placed in a magnetic field
materials • Made from soft magnetic materials
MAGNETIC FIELDS
• Fields around the magnet where magnetic force is experienced
• Represented by magnetic field lines

Magnetic field lines


do not overlap with
each other
Plotting Magnetic Field Lines
Iron fillings method Using compass

w s the
nl y s ho
O
n o f the
r
patte c field
a g n eti
m
lines

Less spacing between magnetic field lines


= stronger magnetic field
EARTH’S MAGNETIC FIELD
At most places on the Earth’s surface, a magnetic compass points
slightly east or west from the actual north of the Earth

WHY?
The Earth’s geographical and magnetic north pole do not coincide

The angle between magnetic north and


true north is called declination
e.g. Malaysia’s declination angle is -0.15°
Earth’s magnetic field
• The Earth has a magnetic field, as if a giant bar magnet sits along its
axis
• The spin of the Earth and the convection currents in the outer core of
the Earth move the delocalised electrons of the iron inside the Earth’s
core
• These electric currents create magnetic fields through
electromagnetism
ELECTROMAGNETISM
• Produced when an electrical current flows through a conductor (e.g. a
simple copper rod or a coil/solenoid)
• Magnetic field is produced along the conductor
• The conductor does not necessarily have to be made from magnetic
material

Advantages
• Anything can become temporary magnets,
as long as it can conduct electrical current
• The strength of the magnetic field can be
controlled
Factors that affect the strength of Uses of electromagnets
magnetic field of an electromagnet
• The number of turns of the coil
 Higher number of turns, higher magnetic field
• The magnitude of the electrical current flowing through
the conductor
 Higher current, higher magnetic field
• Add a soft iron core inside a solenoid
NEXT LESSON

• Static electricity

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